Globalization and Global Trade Unionism Past Paper PDF

Here are 40 multiple-choice questions designed to assess the delegates' understanding of the topics from the uploaded file on "Globalisation and Global Trade Unionism." The questions cover various aspects, including globalization, multinational corporations (MNCs), trade unions, labor rights, and ec...

Here are 40 multiple-choice questions designed to assess the delegates' understanding of the topics from the uploaded file on "Globalisation and Global Trade Unionism." The questions cover various aspects, including globalization, multinational corporations (MNCs), trade unions, labor rights, and economic trends. Globalisation 1. What is the primary characteristic of globalization? A) Isolation of national economies B) Shrinking economic and social ties between countries C) Expansion of economic and social ties between countries D) Decline of international trade 2. Which of the following is NOT a key driver of globalization? A) Technological advancements B) Reduction in trade barriers C) Expansion of corporate institutions D) Decrease in international investment 3. What was one of the key debates about globalization, according to Hirst & Thompson (1999)? A) How national economies remain disconnected B) How much globalization has affected national economies C) The impact of trade liberalization on developed nations D) The declining role of multinational corporations 4. What entity is primarily responsible for integrating national economies into the global market? A) Local governments B) Multinational corporations C) Labor unions D) International NGOs 5. Which of the following best describes the “inter-national economy” perspective of globalization? A) Global economies are separate and disconnected B) National economies remain the key players despite increased global interconnection C) Nations are irrelevant in the global economy D) The economy is primarily driven by NGOs Multinational Corporations (MNCs) 6. Which of the following defines a multinational corporation (MNC)? A) A company with subsidiaries in only one national economy  B) A firm with subsidiaries in two or more national economies C) A local firm that imports products D) A non-profit organization with global operations 7. What is the primary purpose of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for an MNC? A) To avoid taxes in the home country B) To achieve control over marketing, production, or other activities in another economy C) To increase imports to the home country D) To create monopolies in the local market 8. Which type of investment involves MNCs building new facilities in a foreign economy? A) Greenfield investment B) Foreign portfolio investment C) Merger and acquisition D) Joint ventures 9. How do MNCs contribute to the spread of globalization? A) By restricting trade to local markets B) By spreading ideas, technology, and tastes across borders C) By focusing on national markets exclusively D) By reducing foreign direct investment (FDI) 10. What is one common impact of MNCs on the countries they invest in? A) Decrease in labor productivity B) Increase in international trade and technology transfer C) Reduction in wages and job opportunities D) Collapse of local markets Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) 11. What was the value of FDI stocks globally by 2023? A) $14 trillion B) $20 trillion C) $35 trillion D) $45 trillion 12. Which regions have experienced significant FDI growth since 2000? A) Developed economies only B) Developing economies, especially China and India C) Transition economies, such as Eastern Europe D) African economies exclusively 13. Which factor has NOT significantly contributed to FDI growth? A) Rise of emerging markets B) Decline in global corporate tax rates C) Digital and technology-based investments D) Globalization and liberalization of economies  14. Why has FDI into emerging markets like China and India increased in recent decades? A) High labor costs B) Availability of skilled labor and growing consumer markets C) Strict environmental regulations D) Low demand for products 15. What type of economic activity is typically driven by FDI? A) Agriculture and commodity trading B) Technology development, manufacturing, and services C) Only marketing activities D) Local retail operations International Trade and Tariffs 16. What is the relationship between international trade and tariffs since 1913? A) Tariffs have consistently increased B) Tariffs have decreased significantly, promoting trade C) Tariffs remained constant throughout the 20th century D) Tariffs were abolished in 1950 17. By 2023, the average global tariff rate for manufactured goods fell to: A) 20% B) 10% C) 5% D) 3% 18. What was the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international trade? A) Trade increased rapidly B) Supply chains were disrupted and demand decreased C) Trade policies became more liberalized D) Tariffs were universally eliminated 19. What contributed to the slowdown in global trade growth between 2004 and 2023? A) The rise of new global markets B) Global recessions, trade wars, and the COVID-19 pandemic C) The complete collapse of supply chains D) Rapid increases in global demand 20. Which global organization is responsible for promoting free trade and reducing tariffs? A) International Monetary Fund (IMF) B) World Trade Organization (WTO) C) United Nations (UN) D) Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Labor Rights and Trade Unions 21. What is the primary role of trade unions? A) To protect corporate profits B) To advocate for workers' rights and fair working conditions C) To promote competition in the labor market D) To reduce wages in low-income countries 22. Which global organization supports labor rights and works with trade unions worldwide? A) International Monetary Fund (IMF) B) International Labour Organization (ILO) C) World Trade Organization (WTO) D) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) 23. How has globalization affected labor unions in developed economies? A) Strengthened their bargaining power B) Weakened their influence, leading to wage stagnation C) Made them more powerful than multinational corporations D) Increased union membership dramatically 24. What has been a primary focus of the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) in recent years? A) Protecting MNCs from taxation B) Advocating for labor rights in the gig economy and for platform workers C) Promoting wage cuts in developing countries D) Encouraging workers to leave unions 25. What is an International Framework Agreement (IFA)? A) A trade agreement between countries B) A global labor agreement that sets standards for MNCs C) An investment plan for multinational corporations D) A union-led project to increase tariffs on imported goods Impact of Globalization on Wages and Employment 26. How has globalization impacted wages in advanced economies? A) It has increased wages for all workers B) It has contributed to wage stagnation and income inequality C) It has reduced competition for jobs D) It has led to significant wage increases for low-skilled workers 27. What role does automation play in wage stagnation? A) It has no impact on wages B) It has replaced many low- and middle-skill jobs, leading to wage suppression C) It has created more high-paying jobs D) It has only affected wages in the agriculture sector  28. How have labor unions responded to the challenges of globalization? A) By supporting automation and reducing worker protections B) By advocating for stronger protections for workers and negotiating global labor standards C) By reducing their influence in the global labor market D) By encouraging workers to leave the global workforce 29. What is the “race to the bottom” in terms of labor standards? A) A competition among workers to secure higher wages B) The pressure to reduce labor standards to attract foreign investment C) A campaign to raise labor standards worldwide D) A shift in labor markets toward highly skilled jobs 30. Which group has been most affected by income inequality due to globalization? A) Highly skilled workers B) Low- and middle-income workers C) CEOs and corporate executives D) Retired workers Trade Unions and Global Advocacy 31. What has been one of the ITUC’s key achievements in recent years? A) Securing global rights for CEOs B) Increasing worker protections in the gig economy C) Promoting trade liberalization for MNCs D) Reducing taxes on international trade 32. Which of the following challenges has the ITUC addressed through its advocacy efforts? A) Job creation for robots B) Precarious work conditions for platform workers C) Reducing wages in developing countries D) Increasing tariffs on labor services