Handout Chapter 32 Quiz PDF

Handout 32-1 Student’s Name CHAPTER 32 QUIZ Write the letter of the best answer in the space provided. 1. All of the following are signs and symptoms in patients with spinal injuries except...

Handout 32-1 Student’s Name CHAPTER 32 QUIZ Write the letter of the best answer in the space provided. 1. All of the following are signs and symptoms in patients with spinal injuries except A. paralysis. C. hyperglycemia. B. priapism. D. incontinence. 2. The part of the nervous system located outside of the brain and spinal cord that detects sensations such as pain is the A. peripheral nervous system. C. central nervous system. B. autonomic nervous system. D. involuntary nervous system. 3. The part of the nervous system that controls involuntary functions such as heartbeat and breathing is the A. peripheral nervous system. C. central somatic system. B. autonomic nervous system. D. involuntary nervous system. 4. Sports helmets most typically open in the A. front. C. left side. B. back. D. right side. 5. In the prehospital environment, the two most likely types of helmets to be encountered are the sports helmet and the A. flight helmet. C. football helmet. B. military helmet. D. motorcycle helmet. 6. The mechanism of injury in which the vertebrae and spinal cord are stretched and pulled apart is called A. rotation. C. distraction. B. flexion. D. extension. 7. The appropriate time to initiate motion restriction of the cervical spine in the trauma victim is A. prior to opening the airway. B. after opening the airway. C. during transport. D. after insertion of an oropharyngeal airway. 8. In spinal shock, a patient’s skin is typically A. cool and dry. C. flushed and damp. B. warm and dry. D. cool and sweaty. 9. Probably the most common and reliable sign of spinal cord injury in conscious patients is A. Battle’s sign. C. raccoon sign. B. pupil dilation. D. paralysis of the extremity 10. To help maintain spine motion restriction during extrication of a patient with suspected spinal injury, the device that an EMT would apply first is the A. cervical collar. C. Kendrick extrication device. B. short spine board. D. long spine board. ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 2 Spinal Injury and Spine Motion Restriction Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed. Handout 32-1 (continued) 11. The mechanism of injury in which there is severe forward movement of the head or the torso, such that it is curved excessively forward, is called A. rotation. C. distraction. B. flexion. D. extension. 12. When securing a patient to a short spine board or flexible extrication device, you should first secure the A. torso. C. shoulders. B. legs. D. head. 13. The move used to place a supine patient onto a long backboard for motion restriction is the A. blanket drag. C. firefighter’s lift. B. armpit–forearm drag. D. log roll. 14. The spinal column is composed of 33 bones called A. meninges. C. phalanges. B. vertebrae. D. carpals. 15. Which one of the following is not an indication for removing a helmet in a case of suspected head or spine injury? A. Helmet interferes with assessment of the ABCs B. Helmet fits snugly C. Patient goes into cardiac arrest D. Helmet fits loosely ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 2 Spinal Injury and Spine Motion Restriction Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed. Handout 32-2 Student’s Name IN THE FIELD Review the following real-life situation. Then answer the questions that follow. You and your partner are called to the football stadium at the local high school. You arrive to find the quarterback lying in the center of the field at the 30-yard line in a supine position. Coaches are gathered around him, and one of them meets you as you exit the ambulance. This coach tells you that the quarterback has not moved since he was tackled. As you approach, you notice that none of the quarterback’s protective gear has been removed. 1. What is your general impression of the mechanism of the patient’s injury? 2. As you approach the patient, what should you do? 3. Which device(s) could you use for transporting the patient? 4. Which continuing emergency care steps would you provide for this patient? ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 2 Spinal Injury and Spine Motion Restriction Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed. Handout 32-3 Student’s Name CHAPTER 32 REVIEW Write the word or words that best complete each sentence in the space provided. 1. Two major functions of the nervous system are and. 2. The structural divisions of the nervous system are the nervous system and the nervous system. 3. The functional divisions of the nervous system are the nervous system and the nervous system. 4. The _______________ _____________ gives the body its framework, supports and protects vital organs, and facilitates motion. 5. The is the principal support system of the body. 6. The spinal column is made up of 33 irregularly shaped bones called. 7. The first seven vertebrae, which form the neck, are called the ______________________. 8. When using a backboard or full-body vacuum mattress, cervical _________________________ ___________________ must not be discontinued until the patient is completely secured to the device. 9. A condition referred to as shock inhibits neural transmissions to the arteries and arterioles. 10. If neurogenic shock is caused by spinal cord injury, it may also be called shock. 11. is a persistent erection of the penis resulting from damage to the spinal nerves to the genitals. 12. Damage to the spinal cord and neck can produce complete paralysis of the entire body; the medical term used to describe this condition is _________________. 13. Paralysis to only one side of the body, which is more common in head injuries and stroke, is called. ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 2 Spinal Injury and Spine Motion Restriction Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed. Handout 32-3 (continued) 14. EMTs will need to a supine patient to position the patient on the long backboard. 15. Whenever an EMT sees a spider-web-cracked windshield, he or she knows that the driver may need full _____________________________ ______________________________ _____________________. ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 2 Spinal Injury and Spine Motion Restriction Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed. Handout 32-4 Student’s Name SPINAL COLUMN AND SPINAL CORD TRAUMA: LISTING 1. List the structural divisions and functional divisions of the nervous system. 2. List four signs or symptoms that suggest a possible spinal injury. 3. List the five divisions of the spinal or vertebral column and the number of vertebrae in each. ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 2 Spinal Injury and Spine Motion Restriction Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed. Handout 32-4 (continued) 4. Compression is one mechanism of spinal injury. List six others. 5. List several questions that should be asked during assessment of a patient with suspected spine injury. ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 2 Spinal Injury and Spine Motion Restriction Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed. Handout 32-5 Student’s Name SPINAL COLUMN AND SPINAL CORD TRAUMA: TRUE OR FALSE Indicate if the following statements are true or false by writing T or F in the space provided. 1. If the EMT suspects that the patient has a spinal injury, he or she should initiate spine motion restriction precautions. 2. Your suspicion regarding the presence of a spinal injury should not be altered by the patient’s ability to walk. 3. In the patient who is unable to self-restrict, until the EMT has completely secured the patient to a backboard or full-body vacuum mattress, he must always manually maintain spine motion restriction to the patient’s head and neck. 4. Because an improperly fitting spine motion restriction device will do more harm than good, proper sizing is of utmost importance. 5. The larger head of the infant or young child will cause the head to flex when the patient is supine. 6. If a sports helmet is left in place on the patient, the spine motion is always considered to be properly restricted. 7. Spinal injury is always accompanied by external evidence of trauma. 8. Spinal shock results specifically from injury to the spinal cord, usually high in the cervical spine. 9. A single spinal cord injury can affect several body organ systems. 10. If a patient is responsive, a rapid trauma assessment is not indicated. ________ 11. A patient may display paralyzed arms, but the legs may still function from a partial spinal cord injury. ________ 12. A patient with a suspected incomplete spinal cord injury does not need to have spine motion restriction precautions taken. ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 2 Spinal Injury and Spine Motion Restriction Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed. Handout 32-6 Student’s Name Spine Motion Restriction Review your knowledge of spine motion restriction techniques by putting the steps of the procedures below in proper order. With each procedure, write “1” in the space provided next to the step you would perform first, “2” next to the step you would perform next, and so on. A. When providing spine motion restriction to a supine patient utilizing a backboard or full-body vacuum mattress Secure the patient’s torso to the board. Move the patient onto the long board without compromising the integrity of the spine. Apply an appropriately sized cervical collar. Secure the patient’s head to the long board. Secure the patient’s legs to the board. Place the patient’s head in neutral in-line position and maintain motion restriction. Position the long spine board or full-body vacuum mattress. B. Spine motion restriction and self-extrication from a motor vehicle Have the patient lift his legs onto the stretcher and then lie back into a supine position. Assess for pain or tenderness. Have the patient rotate 180 degrees and then sit directly back onto the stretcher. Instruct the patient to pivot his legs and body so that he can bring his legs outside of the vehicle and onto the ground while he remains in a seated position. Instruct the patient to maintain his head/neck in a neutral inline position and not to move it. Assess motor and sensory function in the upper extremities. The patient maintains self-restriction and a cervical collar is applied. Instruct the patient to stand straight up. Assess motor and sensory function in the lower extremities. ____ Secure the patient to the stretcher. ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 2 Spinal Injury and Spine Motion Restriction Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed.  CHAPTER 32 ANSWER KEY HANDOUT 32-1: Chapter 32 Quiz HANDOUT 32-4: Spinal Column and Spinal Cord Trauma: Listing 1. C 5. D 9. D 13. D 2. A 6. C 10. A 14. B 1. Structural: central and peripheral. Functional: 3. B 7. A 11. B 15. B autonomic and voluntary. 4. A 8. B 12. A 2. Any four of the following: paralysis of the extremities, loss of bowel or bladder control, pain HANDOUT 32-2: In the Field independent of movement or palpation along the 1. This patient may have experienced an injury to his spinal column or in the lower legs; localized pain with spinal cord when he was tackled. movement; obvious deformity of the spine upon 2. You should take Standard Precautions, approach from palpation; tenderness anywhere along the spine; soft- the patient’s head to prevent movement, provide tissue injuries to the head and neck, shoulders, back, motion restriction of the cervical spine, assess the abdomen, or lower extremities; numbness, weakness, ABCs and PMS in the extremities, and assess the tingling, or loss of sensation in extremities; priapism; cervical region and provide manual spine motion impaired breathing. restriction while log-rolling the patient to assess the 3. Cervical, 7; thoracic, 12; lumbar, 5; sacral, 5; coccyx, spine. After those steps, you would consider the need 4. to remove his helmet and pads and apply the collar; 4. Flexion, extension, rotation, lateral bending, then prepare to secure the patient to a long spine board distraction, penetration. or vacuum mattress for transport. 5. Several of the following: Does your neck hurt? Does 3. A long spine board with an appropriately sized your back hurt? Where does it hurt? Can you move cervical collar, straps, and head/cervical motion your hands and feet? Do you have any pain or muscle restriction device. spasms along your back or neck? Is there any 4. Continuing emergency care steps include providing numbness or tingling in arms or legs? Was the onset oxygen, performing a detailed assessment, continuing of pain associated with the injury? Did you move or reassessment en route to the hospital, monitoring vital did someone move you before the EMTs arrived? signs, and getting additional history, if possible. Were you walking around before the EMTs arrived? HANDOUT 32-3: Chapter 32 Review HANDOUT 32-5: Spinal Column and Spinal Cord Trauma: True or False 1. communication, control 2. central, peripheral 1. T 4. T 7. F 10. F 3. voluntary, autonomic 2. T 5. T 8. T 11. T 4. skeletal system 3. T 6. F 9. T 12. F 5. spinal column 6. vertebrae HANDOUT 32-6: Spinal Motion Restriction 7. cervical spine The order of steps reading down in each column 8. motion restriction should be: 9. neurogenic A. 5, 4, 2, 7, 6, 1, 3 10. spinal B. 9, 2, 8, 6, 1, 3, 5, 7, 4, 10 11. Priapism 12. quadriplegia 13. hemiplegia 14. log roll 15. spine motion restriction ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 2 Spinal Injury and Spine Motion Restriction Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed.