Group 2 (UCSP) Written Report PDF

EXAMINE THE CONCEPT, CHARACTERISTICS AND FORMS OF STRATIFICATION SYSTEMS USING SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES STRATIFICATION SYSTEM Social stratification is the classification of people into socioeconomic class, based upon their occupation and income, wealth and social status. Stratificat...

EXAMINE THE CONCEPT, CHARACTERISTICS AND FORMS OF STRATIFICATION SYSTEMS USING SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES STRATIFICATION SYSTEM Social stratification is the classification of people into socioeconomic class, based upon their occupation and income, wealth and social status. Stratification is the relative social position of people within a social group, category, geographic region, or social unit. Social stratification is distinguished as three social classes: the upper class, the middle class, and the lower class; in turn, each class can be subdivided into strata: the upper-stratum, the middle-stratum, and the lower stratum. Social stratum can be formed upon the bases of kinship or caste, or both. Social desirables are resources considered valuable by societies. These resources may be tangible or intangible. Sociologist may focus on any of these resources as the basis of their theoretical perspective on social inequality. In short, the recognition of the existence of these social desirables is what brings together the sociological camps. Generally, prestige, power, and wealth are three important social desirables. It describes the social standing of individuals relative to others. Social standing reflects persons’ worth and access to social, political, and symbolic capital. Sociologists have different vies as to what constitute social class. Karl Marx looked at it in terms of wealth produced in relation to the ownership of the means of production. Wealth may refer to money, properties, and similar tangible resources. Max Weber, on the other hand, differentiates them into three: wealth, power, and prestige. Individual’s social standing can be measured, all at once, based on their relative access to these three. Social mobility refers to changes of individuals, families, households, or other categories of people within or between social class in a society. It is a change in social status relative to one's current social location within a given society. Types of Social Mobility 1. Horizontal mobility This happen when a person changes their occupation but their overall social standing remains unchanged. 2. Vertical mobility It is a change in the occupational, political, or religious status of a person that causes a change in their societal position. A person or social object moves from one social class to another. 3. Upward mobility It is when a person moves from a lower position in society to a higher one. It can also include people occupying higher positions in the same societal group. However, upward mobility, while seen as a good thing, can also come at a cost for individuals. 4. Downward mobility It takes place when a person moves from a higher position in society to a lower one. It happens when someone is caught performing a wrongful act that can result in the loss of the position they currently hold. 5. Inter-generational mobility This happen when the social position changes from one generation to another. The change can be upward or downward. 6. Intra-generational mobility Change in societal position occurs during the lifespan of a single generation. It can also refer to a change in position between siblings. One way is when a person climbs up the corporate ladder in their career.  SOCIAL INEQUALITIES Equality is about making sure that everyone has an equal opportunity to make the most of their desire to live. It is also the belief that no one should have poorer life chances because of the way they were born, where they come from, what they believe, or whether they have a disability. Living in an unequal society causes stress and status anxiety, which may damage your health. In more equal societies people live longer, are less likely to be mentally ill or obese and there are lower rates of infant mortality. Social inequality refers to relational processes in society that have the effect of limiting or harming a group's social status, social class, and social circle. The major examples of social inequality include gender inequality, health care, social class. In health care, some individuals receive better and more professional care compared to others. They are also expected to pay more for these services. Philippine government recognizes the gender inequalities and trying to solve the problem. And to address these issues there are some laws to ensure the gender equally must be properly addressed. Here are the following proofs that Philippine government trying to address the said issues: 1. Philippine Law > R.A. 7610 or also known as Women and Children rights or This Act shall be known as the “Special Protection of Children Against Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act.” > The Philippines has finally enacted gender equality legislation after years of lobbying from female rights campaigners. President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo signed the country's Magna Carta of Women in Manila last week, helping to define gender discrimination and outlining approaches to eliminate it. August 18, 2009 > and other related law passed by our legislature. 2. Allowing Top Government Position to be handle by women Women nowadays taking top position both in private and government posts, former President Corazon Aquino and Former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, not to Former Supreme Court Justice Maria Lourdes Serreno. Philippine government keeps on encouraging more effective dialogue and consultative process and strengthening access to justice remains a priority. This will help to bridge the cultural divide that gives rise to discrimination and exclusion and will increase the voice of indigenous people’s decision-making at every level. It will also help to build fair and shared solutions to the conflicts that emerge over ancestral lands and the use of natural resources. The Equality of humanity is a long desire of man since the time of memorial. Human race wanted equal protection, equal rights, equality in wealth and equality of life. The factors that contribute to social inequality consists of educational attainment, wealth and poverty, power, and Gender Inequality which lead to social inequality between individuals and groups of people. The following are some of the factors that contribute to social inequality: 1. Educational Attainment Inequality and Educational Attainment is evidence from many instances. The reality of Rich can get better education in an easy way but poor hardly get their diploma. Educational inequality is the unequal distribution of academic resources and still needs policies that encourage educational attainment for men and women based on merit, rather than gender. 2. Wealth and poverty Social Inequality brought about by unequal distribution of wealth. The Covid19 pandemic teaches us the advantages of the upper and the lower class. Evidently the struggles get by middle and lower class compare to the upper class. There’s a huge different between allocation of wealthy and the poor in many ways. 3. Gender Inequality Acknowledges that men and women are not equal and that gender affects an individual's living experience. These differences arise from distinctions in biology, psychology, and cultural norms. Some of these distinctions are empirically grounded while others appear to be socially constructed. Studies show the different lived experience of genders across many domains including education, life expectancy, personality, interests, family life, careers, and political affiliations. Gender inequality is experienced differently across different cultures.