Philippine Department of Health (DOH) PDF

PHILIPPINE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH PRESENTED BY: GROUP 2 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH The Department of Health (DOH; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Kalusugan) is the executive department of the government of the Philippines responsible for ensuring access to basic public health services by all Filipinos through the...

PHILIPPINE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH PRESENTED BY: GROUP 2 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH The Department of Health (DOH; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Kalusugan) is the executive department of the government of the Philippines responsible for ensuring access to basic public health services by all Filipinos through the provision of quality health care, the regulation of all health services and products. It is the government's over-all technical authority on health. It has its headquarters at the San Lazaro Compound, along Rizal Avenue in Manila.  The DOH seal represents a commitment to quality, trust, and excellence in promoting health and wellness for all. The current head of the department is Sec. Ted Herbosa. The health secretary is also a member of the Cabinet. Formed: September 10, 1898 Department of Health Central Office Headquarters: San Lazaro Compound, Rizal Avenue, Santa Cruz, Manila Motto: Floreat Salubritas Populi ("Promotion of Health for the People") Annual budget: ₱296.3 billion (2023) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_ Health_(Philippines)  VISION AND MISSION VISION: Filipinos are among the healthiest people in Southeast Asia by 2022, Asia by 2040 MISSION: To lead the country in the development of a productive, resilient, equitable and people-centered health system for Universal Health Care https://caro.doh.gov.ph/vision-mission-and-quality-policy/ WHY THESE VISION AND MISSION? The goal and vision of the DOH is to address present and future health issues in the Philippines. An effective and fair health system is desperately needed because of the growing gaps and shortages in healthcare. The mission focuses on developing a system that is not only efficient but also fair and inclusive, while the vision establishes specific, aspirational goals to lead the nation toward improved health outcomes. The DOH is ensuring that health improvements are widespread and lasting by putting an emphasis on productivity and resilience. This approach will enable the health system to effectively serve all individuals and adapt to changing conditions. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND Colonial Era (Spanish Period): Health services during the Spanish colonial period (1565-1898) were minimal, focused on controlling disease outbreaks, with limited infrastructure. American Occupation (1898-1946): The Americans reorganized the health system, introducing modern practices such as sanitation, hospital construction, and epidemic control. In 1898, the Bureau of Public Health was founded, marking the start of formal health services. Post-War Independence (1946): After independence, the health system focused on rebuilding and addressing communicable diseases, malnutrition, and hospital expansion. Reorganization (1987): Under President Corazon Aquino, the department was renamed the DOH, reflecting a renewed focus on public health. RECENT REFORMS AND CHALLENGES Decentralization & Universal Health Coverage: Health governance was decentralized in 1991, and PhilHealth was created in 1995 to expand access. Efforts toward universal coverage were intensified in 2010. Persistent Challenges: The country faces issues such as communicable and noncommunicable diseases, resource maldistribution, healthcare worker migration, and high out-of-pocket costs. Ongoing Initiatives: The DOH is working to improve service delivery networks, regulate healthcare providers, and enhance public awareness of PhilHealth benefits. LOCAL HEALTH SYSTEM Devolution of Health Services refers to the act by which the National Government confers power and authority upon the various Local Government Units (LGUs) to perform specific functions and responsibilities Republic Act 7160 (Local Government Code of 1991) - Promote genuine local autonomy and effective local governance. - Establishment of Provincial and City/Municipal Health Boards to manage health services. Functions and Responsibilities: National Government: Facilitates and supports health initiatives. LGUs: Implement and manage local health services including: - Health service delivery - Social welfare programs - Infrastructure development (e.g., barangay roads) CONTEXT OF DEVOLUTION IN THE ARMM Current System: Centralized health services with the DOH ARMM running provincial hospitals and municipal health centers directly. Challenges: Integration and management within a centralized system. THE RURAL HEALTH UNIT Overview: Primary health facility at the municipal level. Services: Preventive and promotive health services; supervises Barangay Health Stations (BHS). Recommended Ratio: 1 RHU for every 20,000 people. The BHS is the first contact health care facility that offers basic services at the barangay level. It is a satellite station of the RHU It is manned by Volunteer Barangay Health Workers (BHW's) under the supervision of Rural Health Midwife (RHM). THE RURAL HEALTH UNIT PERSONNEL 1. Administrator of the RHU 2. Community Physician 3. Medico-legal officer of the municipality Public Health Nurse (PHN) - Supervises RHMs - Prepares reports and collaborates with health teams. Rural Health Midwife (RHM): - Manages BHS - Provides midwifery services and health education. The Nurse Deployment Project (NDP) One of the projects under the Department of Health(DOH) Deployment Program that aims to deploy community-oriented and dedicated nurses to difficult areas. Notably, the project aims to achieve the following - Augment nursing workforce in rural areas. - Provides employment and experience for nurses. - Addresses the issue of "volunteer nurses for a fee."  Functions: -Assist PHNs, conduct health education, and maintain health stations. -Conducts regular visits to priority households under the National Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction (NHTS-PRI -Prepares health status reports of families based on the NHTS PR priority households -Plans for appropriate interventions on the identified health concems of families under the priority NHTS- PR -Assists in the conduct of regular monitoring and evaluation of various health programs https://www.rrh.org.au/journal/article/220 under the NHTS PR  -Focus on assisting PHNS in Implementing programs, health education, and preparation of reports -Assists in the conduct of disease surveillance -Maintains Barangay Health Stations -Conducts health education and training -Assists in the preparation of reports on clinic and community activities https://www.rrh.org.au/journal/article/220 DOH RECOMMENDATIONS FOR HUMAN RESOURCE FOR HEALTH AND HEALTH FACILITIES RATIO TO POPULATION Recommended Ratios: - 1 MHD (Municipal Health Director) per 20,000 population - 1 Public Health Nurse per 10,000 population - 1 Public Health Midwife per 5,000 population - 1 RHU per 20,000 population - 1 BHS per 5,000 population  Classification of Health Facilitie CLASSIFICATION OF (DOH AO-2012-0012) HOSPITAL 1. According to Ownership 2. According to Scope of Services 3.According to Functional Capacity  Classification of Health Facilitie 1. According to Ownership: (DOH AO-2012-0012) General & Private 2. According to Scope of Services: A. General - provides services for all kinds of illnesses, diseases, injuries or deformities B. Specialty - a hospital that specializes Classification of Health Facilitie in a particular disease or condition or in (DOH AO-2012-0012) one type of patient a specialized hospital may be devoted to treatment of any of the following: a) Treatment of a particular disease or condition or in one type of patient b) Treatment of patients suffering from diseases of a particular organ or groups of origan c) Treatment of patients belonging to a particul 3. According to Functional Capacity: Classification of Health Facilitie a.Level 1 (DOH AO-2012-0012) b. Level 2 c. Level 3 CLASSIFICATION TO OTHER HEALTH FACILITIES Category A: Primary Care Facility Category B:Custodial Care Facility Category C: Diagnostic Therapeutic Facility Category D: Specialized Out-patient Facility CONCLUSION Summary:Devolution enhances local health service delivery but requires effective management and support. Future Directions:Strengthen LGU capacities and improve inter-LGU linkages to meet health needs more effectively. CLASSIFICATION OF HEALTH FACILITIES (DOH AO-0012A) MAJOR CLASSIFICATION General Health Facilities : These are comprehensive medical centers that provide a wide range of healthcare services to the general population. Primary Care Facilities : These facilities provide the first level of contact for healthcare, including diagnosis, treatment, and preventive measures. Secondary Care Facilities : These facilities offer intermediate medical services and care that go beyond the basic health services provided by primary care. MAJOR CLASSIFICATION Tertiary Care Facilities : These facilities offer the most advanced and specialized medical care, handling complex and critical medical conditions. Tertiary hospitals are often affiliated with medical schools and research centers, offering teaching and residency programs. Specialty Health Facilities : These are focused on specific medical specialties or diseases, providing highly specialized care for specific conditions. MINOR CLASSIFICATION Stand-alone Facilities : Independent facilities that offer specific services, usually related to diagnostics, surgery, or treatment of certain conditions. Infirmaries : Small facilities that provide short- term care and treatment for less severe medical conditions. Infirmaries are usually smaller than full hospitals, often with limited beds, and are staffed by a small team of doctors and nurses. Birthing Homes : Facilities that focus on maternal healthcare, specifically for childbirth and related services. MINOR CLASSIFICATION Ambulatory Surgical Clinics : Clinics that specialize in performing surgeries that do not require an overnight hospital stay. Rural Health Units (RHUs) : Community-based health facilities located in rural or underserved areas that offer essential healthcare services. Dialysis Centers : Facilities that provide treatments for patients suffering from kidney failure or other renal conditions. Rehabilitation Centers : Facilities that focus on the physical, psychological, and social rehabilitation of individuals.  MINOR CLASSIFICATION Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) Clinics : Clinics that are managed by HMOs, providing medical services for their subscribers. These clinics provide exclusive services to members of HMOs, offering a range of medical services from general check-ups to laboratory diagnostics. Hospice and Palliative Care Centers : These facilities offer care focused on improving the quality of life for patients with terminal illnesses. Diagnostic Laboratories : Facilities that specialize in performing clinical diagnostics and laboratory tests. Diagnostic laboratories perform various tests and analyses, such as blood work, biopsies, imaging (like X- rays and MRIs), and other pathology-related procedures. PHILIPPINE HEALTH AGENDA 2010-2022 The Philippine Health Agenda 2010-2022 spanned two major health policy frameworks under different presidential administrations, both aiming to improve access to healthcare, reduce health disparities, and provide financial protection to all Filipinos:  Kalusugan Pangkalahatan (2010-2016) under President Benigno Aquino III - This agenda aimed to achieve Universal Health Care (UHC) for all Filipinos. Key components of the Kalusugan Pangkalahatan agenda were: PhilHealth Expansion: Increasing the enrollment of Filipinos into PhilHealth (Philippine Health Insurance Corporation) to provide health insurance coverage, especially to the poor. Health Facilities Enhancement Program (HFEP): Improving access to quality healthcare by upgrading hospitals, rural health units, and barangay health stations. Priority Programs: Emphasis on reducing maternal and child mortality rates, addressing infectious diseases (such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis), and improving the immunization program. Philippine Health Agenda 2016-2022 under President Rodrigo Duterte - The second part of the period saw the continuation and refinement of UHC efforts, now focused on Financial Risk Protection, Better Health Outcomes, and a Responsive Health System. Universal Health Care Act: Passed in 2019, it aimed to ensure that all Filipinos are automatically enrolled in the National Health Insurance Program. This act mandated reforms such as: Service Delivery Networks:Strengthening both primary and specialist care through local networks and better referral systems. Increased PhilHealth Benefits: Expanding PhilHealth to cover a wider range of illnesses and services, including outpatient services and medicines. Health Financing Reforms: The UHC law focused on reducing out-of- pocket expenses for citizens, shifting healthcare funding towards public sources. Health System Reforms: These reforms included better distribution of healthcare professionals and investments in local health infrastructures. Focused Health Programs: Programs were introduced to address maternal health, family planning, tuberculosis, immunization, non- communicable diseases, and mental health. SOURCES: Write a short introduction about your medical staff. https://caro.doh.gov.ph/vision-mission-and-quality-policy/ https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/easter-college/nursing-pysch/a-brief-history-of-the- department-of-health/22494694 https://www.rrh.org.au/journal/article/220 "Health Care in the Philippines" Authors: Jaime Galvez-Tan, Maria Olivia Tan, and Federico M. Macaranas "Essentials of Health Care Finance" Authors: William O. Cleverley and James O. Cleverley "Community and Public Health Nursing: Promoting the Public's Health" Authors: Judith Allender, Cherie Rector, and Kristine Warner "The Philippine Health Care Delivery System" Author: Celeste C. Alfafara