Globalization: A Group 1 Presentation PDF

Lesson 1 PRESENTED BY: GROUP 1 (501P) Reporters: Jennie mae g. moreno jessanne dayne c. fontanilla ronadel mercado mikaella m. gammad  Overview of Globalization -Globalization refers to the processes by which more people across large distances become connected in more and diff...

Lesson 1 PRESENTED BY: GROUP 1 (501P) Reporters: Jennie mae g. moreno jessanne dayne c. fontanilla ronadel mercado mikaella m. gammad  Overview of Globalization -Globalization refers to the processes by which more people across large distances become connected in more and different ways.. Sushi in New york Sushi is a traditional Japanese dish. dish. Global Spread: Sushi restaurants are now common in cities all over the world, including New York. Local Influence: The sushi you eat in New York might include ingredients like avocado, which isn't typically used in traditional Japanese sushi. Supply Chain: The fish used in sushi could be sourced from the Pacific Ocean, rice from Thailand, and wasabi from Japan, showing how global supply chains bring together ingredients from different parts of the world to create a dish.  The forces of Globalization It is a economic process of integration which has social and cultural aspects as well. Such institutions, which have emerged in many areas of human activity, reflect increasingly common knowledge and awareness.  The meaning of Globalization Globalization is the set of processes by which more people become connected in more and different ways across ever-greater distances. "deterritorialization," "deterritorialization," the process through which the constraints of physical space lose their hold on social relations. It is a generic definition. Globalized World Cup when Iran plays against Angola in the World Cup  Neoliberalism- globalization with the process by which capitalism expands across the globe as powerful economic actors seek profit in global markets and impose their rules everywhere. The World Cup, in this view, becomes more about advertising for big brands and giving players a chance to get noticed by professional teams rather than just being about the sport.  According to Lechner (2015), globalization means different things to different people. To a Korean Pentecostal missionary, it means a new opportunity to spread the faith and convert lost souls abroad. To a Dominican immigrant in the United States, it means growing new roots while staying deeply involved in the home village. To an Indian television viewer, it means sampling a variety of new shows, some adapted from foreign formats. To a Chinese apparel worker, it means a chance to escape rural poverty by cutting threads off designer jeans. To an American shoe company exécutive, it means managing a far-flung supply chain to get products to stores. To a Filipino global justice advocate, it means rules of the global game that favor the rich North over the poor South.  Theories of Globalization 1. World-System Theory- perspective that globalization is essentially the expansion of the capitalist system around the globe. views globalization as the global spread of capitalism. The world-system has three parts: Core: Powerful, developed countries that dominate economically and politically, exploiting less developed regions. Periphery: Less developed countries, often exploited for their resources and labor. Semiperiphery: Countries between the core and periphery, more developed than the periphery but not as powerful as the core. They help reduce tensions between the core and periphery. 2. World Polity Theory In this theoretical perspective, state remains an important component of world society, but primary attention goes to the global cultural and organization environment in which states are embedded. Globalization, in this view, is the creation and spread of this world polity and its culture 3. World Culture Theory This perspective agrees that world culture is indeed new and important, but it is less homogeneous than world-polity scholars imply.  Emergence of Globalization Sixteenth-Century Europe : Origin of globalization; European worldwide trade, cultural spread, and interaction. Nineteenth Century : Period of intense globalization; migration, expanded trade, new international norms and organizations. Twentieth Century : Early 1900s marked by significant cross-border movement of people, goods, and finance. Post-World War II : Accelerated globalization; despite Cold War, significant transformations in global linkages, institutions, culture, and consciousness.  Globalization and the Expanding Market Economic Opportunity: -Merchants historically pursued global trade with state support. -Marx predicted the European economy’s expansion into a global system. Capitalism’s Influence: -Capitalism is a dominant global force without boundaries. -Financial market integration has increased global interdependence. Beyond Economics: -Globalization spans across multiple areas, not just economics. -Global change is shaped by both economic and non-economic factors. Does Globalization make the world more Homogeneous? Globalization can create a more homogeneous world by spreading uniform practices and values, but it also interacts with local cultures, leading to diverse and hybrid outcomes. Reasons why Globalization will not make the world Homogeneous According to Lechner (2015) 1. General rules and models are interpreted in light of local circumstances. 2. Growing similarity provokes reactions. 3. Cultural and political differences have themselves become globally valid. Globalization Determining Local Events -refers to the process of the world becoming connected through trade, technology, and communication. In other words, it is the movement of ideas, products, and services from one country to another. Economy Education Culture Communication & Technology Is Globalization Harmful? Globalization raises concerns about potential harm to individuals, countries, and cultures. Fears include market-driven inequality, homogeneity, and increased vulnerability to economic swings, environmental degradation, and epidemics. The Interdisciplinary Understanding of Globalization.. Political Scientist Economist Sociologist Historian 1. Political Scientist -Globalization has led to increased political activity at the global level, involving political integration schemes like the European Union and ASEAN integration, intergovernmental organizations like the International Monetary Fund(IMF), and global movements and Non- Governmental Organizations (NGO's). 2. Economist -defines globalization as integration through international trade of goods and services, involving barriers like tariffs, transport costs, trade volumes, and price. It also includes foreign direct investment, increased trade in intermediate products, outsourcing services, and the spread of ideas. Frankel (2017) 3. Sociologist -Globalization is an ongoing process involving cultural and social changes, increasing integration between nations and regions. It is driven by the spread of ideologies, global communication systems, media coverage of the elite, and the expectation of travelers to provide experiences that reflect their cultural norms, fostering economic and political globalization. Social Media & Globalization 4. Historian -Historians often follow rather than lead the way in understanding globalization, a phenomenon that emerged recently. Globalization refers to the interconnection of distant places, filling the ideological vacuum created by the end of the Cold War.  Market Globalism -is an ideology that combines free market norms and neoliberal meanings in globalization. It gained popularity in the late 1980s and gained specific meanings in public discourse during the 1990s. Power elites in the global north, including corporate managers, lobbyists, and politicians, promoted market globalism. THE FIVE CORE CLAIMS OF MARKET GLOBALISM The five core claims of market globalism according to Steger (2005) are: 1. Globalization is about the liberalization and global integration of markets. 2. Globalization is inevitable and irreversible. 3. Nobody is in charge of globalization. 4. Globalization benefits everyone. 5. Globalization furthers the spread of democracy in the world. THE GLOBALIZATION EXPERIENCE No one experiences globalization in all its complexity but globalization is significant insofar as it reshapes the daily lives of billions of people. Increasingly, the larger world is present locally, This obviously applies to a Ban Ki-moon (the UN secretary-general) or a Bill Gates (founding chairman of Microsoft), conscious contributors to globalization. FROM LAISSEZ FARE TO NEOLIBERALISM Neoliberalism is in the first instance a theory of political economic practices that proposes that human well-being can best be advance by liberating individual entrepreneurial freedoms and skills within an institutional framework characterized by strong private property rights, free markets, and free trade.  PRIVATIZATION is the process of transferring an enterprise or industry from the public sector to the private sector. Some of the government owned and controlled corporations in the Philippines transferred already from public to private sector are Philippine Airlines (PAL), Philippine Long Distance Corporation (PLDT), Manila Electric Company (MERALCO) and Manila Waterworks and Sewerage System MWSS) which are now Maynilad Water Services and Manila Water Company. CHARACTERISTICS OF NEOLIBERALISM 1. Government must limit subsidies 2. Make a reforms to tax law in order to expand tax base 3. Reduce deficit spending 4. Limit protectionism 5. Open markets 6. Removal of fixed exchange rates 7. Back deregulation 8. Privatization Thankyou! PRESENTED BY: GROUP 1 (501P)