GRE Gap-Filling Practice Questions PDF

***Big Book*** ***1-1*** **1. Nonviolent demonstrations often create such tensions that a community that has constantly refused to \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--its injustices is forced to correct them: the injustices can no longer be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.** (A)  acknowledge \... ignored\ (B)  decrease \... verif...

***Big Book*** ***1-1*** **1. Nonviolent demonstrations often create such tensions that a community that has constantly refused to \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--its injustices is forced to correct them: the injustices can no longer be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.** (A)  acknowledge \... ignored\ (B)  decrease \... verified\ (C)  tolerate \... accepted\ (D)  address \... eliminated\ (E)  explain \... discussed **2. Since 1813 reaction to Jane Austen\'s novels has oscillated between\-\-\-\-\-\-- and condescension; but in general later writers have esteemed her works more highly than did most of her literary\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.\ **(A) dismissal\.... admirers\ (B) adoration\.... contemporaries\ (C) disapproval\..... readers\ (D)  indifference\.... followers\ (E)  approbation\.... precursors **3. There arc, as yet, no vegetation types or ecosystems whose study has been\-\-\-\-\-\-\--to the extent that they no longer\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--ecologists.\ **(A)  perfected\.... hinder\ (B) exhausted\.... interest (C)  prolonged\.... require\ (D)  prevented\.... challenge\ (E)  delayed\.... benefit  **4. Under ethical guidelines recently adopted by the National Institutes of Health, human genes are to be manipulated only to correct diseases for which \-\-\-\-\-\-\--treatments are unsatisfactory.\ **(A)  similar\ (B) most\ (C)  dangerous\ (D)  uncommon\ (E)  alternative **5. It was her view that the country\'s problems had been\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- by foreign technocrats, so that to\ invite them to come back would be counterproductive.\ **(A) foreseen\ (B)attacked\ (C)  ascertained\ (D) exacerbated\ (E)  analyzed **6. Winsor McCay, the cartoonist, could draw with incredible\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--: his comic strip about Little Nemo was characterized by marvelous draftsmanship and sequencing.\ **(A)  sincerity\ (B) efficiency\ (C)  virtuosity\ (D)  rapidity\ (E)  energy **7. The actual\-\-\-\-\--of Wilson\'s position was always\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--by his refusal to compromise after having initially agreed to negotiate a settlement.**\ (A)  outcome\.... foreshadowed\ (B)  logic\.... enhanced\ (C)  rigidity\.... betrayed\ (D)  uncertainty\.... alleviated\ (E)  cowardice\..... highlighted ***1-4*** **8. The senator\'s reputation, though \-\-\-\-\-\-\-- by false allegations of misconduct, emerged from the** **ordeal\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.\ **(A)  shaken \... unscathed\ (B)destroyed \... intact\ (C)  damaged \... impaired\ (D)  impugned \... unclear\ (E)  tarnished \... sullied **9. This poetry is not\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- ; it is more likely to appeal to an international audience than is poetry with strictly regional themes.**\ (A)  familiar\ (B)  democratic\ (C)  technical\ (D)  complex\ (E)  provincial **10. Experienced employers recognize that business students who can\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- different points of view are ultimately more effective as managers than are the brilliant and original Students who\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--dogmatically to their own formulations.**\ (A)  discredit \... revert\ (B)  assimilate \... adhere\ (C)  impose \... refer\ (D)  disregard \... incline\ (E)  advocate \... relate **11.Poe\'s\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--reviews of contemporary fiction, which often find great merit in otherwise\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--literary gems, must make us respect his critical judgment in addition to his well-known literary talent.**\ (A)  thorough \... completed\ (B)  petulant \... unpopular\ (C)  insightful \... unappreciated\ (D)  enthusiastic \... acclaimed\ (E)  harsh \... undeserving **12. The significance of the Magna Carta lies not in its \-\-\-\-\-- provisions, but in its broader impact: it made the king subject to the law.**\ (A)  specific\ (B)revolutionary\ (C)  implicit\ (D) controversial\ (E)  finite\ \  **13. The theory of cosmic evolution states that the universe, having begun in a state of simplicity and\-\-\-\-\-\--,has \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--into great variety.**\ (A)  equilibrium \... modulated\ (B)  homogeneity \... differentiated\ (C)  contrast \... metamorphosed\ (D)  proportion \... accelerated\ (E)  intelligibility \... developed **14. Not wishing to appear\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--, the junior member of the research group refrained from\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--any criticism of the senior members\' plan for dividing up responsibility for the entire project.**\ (A)  reluctant \... evaluating\ (B)   inquisitive \... offering\ (C)  presumptuous \... venturing\ (D)  censorious \... undercutting\ (E)  moralistic \... observing **2-1**\ \ **15. ln the British theater young people under thirty-five have not had much\-\-\-\-\-\-\--getting recognition onstage, but offstage-in the ranks of playwrights, directors, designers, administrators-they have mostly been relegated to relative obscurity.\ **(A)  trouble\ (B)  satisfaction\ (C)  curiosity about\ (D)  success at\ (E)  fear of **16. An institution concerned about its reputation is at the mercy of the actions of its members; because the misdeeds of individuals are often used to\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--the institutions of which they are a part.**\ (A)  reform\ (B)  coerce\ (C)  honor\ (D)  discredit\ (E)  intimidate **\ 17. Since many casual smokers develop lung cancer and many\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--smokers do not, scientists believe that individuals differ in their\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--the cancer-causing agents known to be present in cigarette smoke.**\ (A)  heavy \... susceptibility to\ (B)  chronic \... concern about\ (C)  habitual \... proximity to\ (D)  devoted \... reliance upon\ (E)  regular \... exposure to\ \ **18. We accepted the theory that as people become more independent of one another, they begin to feel so isolated and lonely that freedom becomes \-\-\-\-\-\-\--condition that most will seek to \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A)  a permanent \... postpone\ (B)  a common \... enter\ (C)  a negative \... escape\ (D)  a political \... impose\ (E)  an irreparable \... avoid **19. lf animal parents were judged by human standards, the cuckoo would be one of nature\'s more\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--creatures, blithely laying its eggs in the nests of other birds, and leaving the incubating and nurturing to them.**\ (A) mettlesome\ (B)industrious\ (C)  domestic\ (D)  lackluster\ (E)  feckless **20. The current penchant for\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- a product by denigrating a rival, named in the advertisement by brand name, seems somewhat\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--: suppose the consumer remembers only the rival\'s name?**\ (A)  criticizing \... inefficient\ (B)  touting \... foolhardy\ (C)  enhancing \... insipid\ (D)  evaluating \... cumbersome\ (E)  flaunting \... gullible **21. His imperturbability in the face of evidence indicating his deliberate fraud failed to reassure supporters of his essential\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--; instead, it suggested a talent for\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--that they had never suspected**.\ (A)  culpability\.... intrigue\ (B)  wisdom\.... reproof\ (C)  remorse\.... loquacity\ (D)  probity\.... guile\ (E)  combativeness\.... compromise\ \   **2-4** ** 22. Although providing wild chimpanzees with food makes them less\-\-\-\-\--and easier to study, it is also known to \-\-\-\-\-\--their normal social patterns.\ (**A)  interesting \... reinforce\ (B) manageable \... upset\ (C)  shy \... disrupt\ (D)  poised \... inhibit\ (E)  accessible \... retard **23. There is something\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--about the way the building of monasteries proliferated in eighteenth century Bavaria, while in the rest of the Western world religious ardor was\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- and church building was consequently declining.**\ (A)  enigmatic\.... coalescing.\ (B)  destructive\.... changing\ (C)  immutable\.... dissipating\ (D)  incongruous\.... diminishing\ (E)  momentous\.... diversifying\ \ ** 24.Because they had various meanings in nineteenth century biological thought, \"mechanism\" and \"vital ism\" ought not to be considered\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- terms; thus, I find the recent insistence that the terms had single definitions to be entirely\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A)  univocal\.... erroneous\ (B)  problematic\.... anachronistic\ (C)  intractable\.... obtuse\ (D)  congruent\.... suspect\ (E)  multifaceted\.... vapid\ **\  25. Many Americans believe that individual initiative epitomized the 1890's and see the entrepreneur as the\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- of that age.\ **(A)  caricature\ (B)  salvation\ (C)  throwback\ (D)  aberration\ (E)  personification\ \ \   **26. Neither the ideas of philosophers nor the practices of ordinary people can, by themselves,\-\-\-\-\--reality; what in fact changes reality and kindles revolution is the\-\-\-\-\-\--of the two.**\ (A)  constitute \... divergence\ (B )affect \... aim\ (C)  transform \... interplay\ (D)   preserve \... conjunction\ (E)  alter \... intervention\ **\  27. There has been a tendency among art historians not so much to revise as to eliminate the concept of the Renaissance to\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- not only its uniqueness, but its very existence.**\ (A)  explain\ (B)   extol\ (C)  transmute\ (D) regret\ (E)  contest\ \ ** 28. Employees had become so inured to the caprices of top management\'s personnel policies that they greeted the announcement of a company-wide dress code with \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- .** (A)  astonishment\ (B)  impassivity\ (C)  resentment\ (D) apprehension\ (E)  confusion **3-1** **29.Although the feeding activities of whales and walruses give the seafloor of the Bering Shelf a devastated appearance, these activities seem to be actually\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- to the area,\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--its productivity.**\ (A)  destructive \... counterbalancing\ (B)   rehabilitative \... diminishing\ (C)  beneficial \... enhancing\ (D)  detrimental \... redirecting\ (E)  superfluous \... encumbering\ \ **30.In an age without radio or recordings, an age \-\-\-\-\-\-\--by print, fiction gained its greatest ascendancy.\ **(A)  decimated\ (B)denigrated\ (C)  dominated\ (D) emphasized\ (E)  resurrected **31. Scientist\' pristine reputation as devotees of the disinterested pursuit of truth has been \-\-\-\-\-\-- by recent evidence that some scientists have deliberately \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--experimental results to further their own careers**.\ (A)  reinforced \... published\ (B)  validated \... suppressed\ (C)  exterminated \... replicated\ (D)  compromised \... fabricated\ (E)  resuscitated \... challenged **32. Although Johnson\'s and Smith\'s initial fascination with the fortunes of those jockeying for power in the law firm\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- after a few months, the two paid sufficient attention to determine who their lunch partner should be.**\ (A)  revived\ (B)emerged\ (C)  intensified\ (D)  flagged\ (E)  persisted **33.  A war, even if fought for individual liberty and democratic rights, usually requires that these principles be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--, for they are \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--the regimentation and discipline necessary for military efficiency.**\ (A)  espoused \... contrary to\ (B)suppressed \... fulfilled through\ (C)  suspended \... incompatible with\ (D)  followed \... disruptive of\ (E)  rejected \... inherent in **34. To test the \-\-\-\-\-\-\--of borrowing from one field of study to enrich another, simply investigate the extent to which terms from the one may, without forcing, be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- the other.**\ (A)  risk \... confused with\ (B)   universality\.... applied to\ (C)  decorum \... illuminated by\ (D)  rate\.... superseded by\ (E)  efficacy\.... utilized by **35. English novelist William Thackeray considered the cult of the criminal so dangerous that he criticized Dickens\' Oliver Twist for making the characters in the thieves\' kitchen so \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**                 \ (A)  threatening\ (B)riveting\ (C)  conniving\ (D)  fearsome\ (E)  irritating **3-4\ \ ** **36. The discovery that, friction excluded, all bodies fall at the same rate is so simple to state and to grasp that there is a tendency to\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--its significance.\ **(A)  underrate\ (B)control\ (C)  reassess\ (D) praise\ (E)  eliminate **37. Their mutual teasing seemed\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--, but in fact it\-\-\-\-\-\-- a long-standing hostility.\ **(A)  aimless \... produced\ (B)friendly \... masked\ (C)  playful \... contravened\ (D)  bitter \... revealed\ (E)  clever \... averted **38.Noting that few employees showed any\-- \-\-\-\--for complying with the corporation\'s new safety regulations, Peterson was forced to conclude that acceptance of the regulations would be \-\-\-\-\-\-- at best.**\ (A)  aptitude \... unavoidable\ (B)regard \... indeterminate\ (C)  respect \... negotiable\ (D)  patience \... imminent\ (E)  enthusiasm \... grudging **39.lt has been argued that politics as\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- , whatever its transcendental claims, has always been the systematic organization of common hatreds.**\ (A)  a theory\ (B)  an ideal\ (C)  a practice\ (D)  a contest\ (E)  an enigma **40. In many science fiction films, the opposition of good and evil is portrayed as a\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--between technology, which is \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--, and the errant will of a depraved intellectual.\ **(A)  fusion \... useful\ (B)struggle \... dehumanizing\ (C)  parallel \... unfettered\ (D)  conflict \... beneficent\ (E)  similarity \... malevolent\ \  \ \ **41. Although scientists claim that the seemingly\-\-\-\-\-\-- language of their reports is more precise than the figurative language of fiction, the language of science, like all language, is inherently\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A)  ornamental \... subtle\ (B)  unidimensional \... unintelligible\ (C)  symbolic \... complex\ (D)  literal \... allusive\ (E)  subjective \... metaphorical **42.In recent decades the idea that Cezanne influenced Cubism has been caught in the\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--between art historians who credit Braque with its invention and those who\-\-\-\-\-\--Picasso.**\ (A)  crossfire \... tout\ (B)  interplay \... advocate\ (C)  paradox \... prefer\ (D)  deliberation \... attribute\ (E)  tussle \... substitute **4-1** **43. Although adolescent maturational and developmental states occur in an orderly sequence, their timing \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--with regard to onset and duration.\ **(A)  lasts\ (B)varies\ (C)  falters\ (D)  accelerates\ (E)  dwindles **44. Many of the earliest colonial houses that are still standing have been so modified and enlarged that the \-\-\-\-\-\-- design is no longer**\ (A)  pertinent \... relevant\ (B)   intended \... necessary\ (C)  embellished \... attractive\ (D)  appropriate \... applicable\ (E)  initial \... discernible **45. While the delegate clearly sought to \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- the optimism that has emerged recently, she stopped short of suggesting that the conference was near collapse and might produce nothing of** **significance.**\ (A)  substantiate\ (B)  dampen\ (C)  encourage\ (D) elucidate\ (E)  rekindle **46. The old man could not have been accuse of \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- his affection; his conduct toward the child betrayed his\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--her.**\ (A)  lavishing \... fondness for\ (B)  sparing \... tolerance of\ (C)  rationing \... antipathy for\ (D)  stinting \... adoration of\ (E)  promising \... dislike of **47. A leading chemist believes that many scientists have difficulty with stereochemistry because much of the relevant nomenclature is  \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--, in that it combines concepts that should be kept\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A)  obscure \... interrelated\ (B) specialized \... intact\ (C)  subtle \... inviolate\ (D)  descriptive \... separate\ (E)  imprecise \... discrete\ \ ** 48.  Among the many \-\-\-\-\-\-\--of the project, expense cannot be numbered; the goals of the project\'s\ promoters can be achieved with impressive \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A)  highlights \... efficiency\ (B)  features \... savings\ (C)  disadvantages \... innovation\ (D)  claims \... speed\ (E)  defects \... economy\ \ **49. Though science is often imagined as a\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--exploration of external reality, scientists are no\ different from anyone else: they are \-\-\-\-\-\--   human beings enmeshed in a web of personal and social circumstances.**\ (A)  fervent\.... vulnerable\ (B) neutral\.... rational\ (C)  painstaking\.... careless\ (D) disinterested\.... passionate\ (E)  cautious\.... dynamic\ \   **4-4** **50.  Social scientists have established fairly clear-cut \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--that describe the appropriate behavior of children and adults, but there seems to be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- about what constitutes appropriate behavior for adolescents.**\ (A)   functions \... rigidity\ (B)  estimates \... indirectness\ (C)  norms \... confusion\ (D)  regulations \... certainty\ (E)  studies \... misapprehension\ \ ** 51.  As long as nations cannot themselves accumulate enough physical power to dominate all others, they must depend on\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.\ **(A)  allies\ (B)resources\ (C)  freedom\ (D)  education\ (E)  self-determination\ \  **52. We realized that John was still young and impressionable, but were nevertheless surprised at his\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A)  naivete\ (B)  obstinateness\ (C)  decisiveness\ (D)  ingeniousness\ (E)  resolve\ \ ** 53. Although Mount Saint Helens has been more\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  during the last 4,500 years than any other volcano in the cote1111inous United States, its long dormancy before its recent eruption \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--its violent nature.\ **(A)  awe-inspiring \... restrained\ (B)  gaseous \... confirmed\ (C)  explosive \... belied\ (D)  familiar \... moderated\ (E)  volatile \... suggested **54. Changes of fashion and public taste are often\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--and resistant to analysis, and yet they are among the most\-\-\-\-\-\-\--gauges of the state of public's collective consciousness**\ (A)  transparent \... useful\ (B)ephemeral \... sensitive\ (C)  faddish \... underutilized\ (D)  arbitrary \... problematic\ (E)  permanent \... reliable\ \  **55.  The poet W. H. Auden believed that the greatest poets of his age were almost necessarily irresponsible, that the possession of great gifts\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- the\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- to abuse them.**\ (A)  negates \... temptation\ (B)controls \... resolution\ (C)  engenders \... propensity\ (D)  tempers \... proclivity\ (E)  obviates \... inclination **56. The self-important cant of musicologists on record jackets often suggests that true appreciation of the music is an\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- process closed to the uninitiated listener, however enthusiastic.\ **(A)  unreliable\ (B)  arcane\ (C)  arrogant\ (D)  elementary\ (E)  intuitive **5-1\ **\ **57. Heavily perfumed white flowers, such as gardenias, were favorites with collectors in the eighteenth century, when\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- was valued much more highly than it is today.**\ (A)  scent\ (B)  beauty\ (C)  elegance\ (D)  color\ (E)  variety **58. In a most impress1ve demonstration, Pavarotti sailed through Verdi\'s \"Celeste Aida\", normally a tenor\'s\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- ,with the casual enthusiasm of a folk singer performing one of his favorite\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A)  pitfall \... recitals\ (B) glory \... chorales\ (C)  nightmare \... ballads\ (D)  delight \... chanteys\ (E)  routine \... composers **59. Dependence on foreign sources of heavy metals, though \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- ,remains \-\-\-\-\-\-- for United States foreign policy.**\ (A)  deepening \... a challenge\ (B)  diminishing \... a problem\ (C)  excessive \... a dilemma\ (D) debilitating \... an embarrassment\ (E)   unavoidable \... a precedent\ \ ** 60. Cynics believe that people who\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--compliments do so in order to be praised twice.**\ (A)   bask in\ (B ) give out (C)  despair of\ (D) gloat over\ (E)  shrug off **61. Although nothing could be further from the truth, freight railroads have been\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- of\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- the nation\'s shift from oil to coal by charging exorbitant fees to transport coal.**\ (A) accused \... impeding\ (B)proud \... accelerating\ (C)  guilty \... delaying\ (D) conscious \... contributing to\ (E)  wary \... interfering with\ \ ** 62. Although the revelation that one of the contestants was a friend left the judge open to charges of lack of\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--, the judge remained adamant in her assertion that acquaintance did not necessarily imply\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.      **\ (A)  prudence \... tolerance\ (B)  detachment \... foreknowledge\ (C)  exoneration \... impropriety\ (D)  prejudice \... preference\ (E)  disinterestedness \... partiality\ \  **63. Within the next decade, sophisticated telescopes now orbiting the Earth will determine whether the continents really are moving,\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- the incipient \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--among geologists about the validity of the theory of continental drift.**\ (A)  obviating \... consensus\ (B)  forestalling \... rift\ (C)  escalating \... debates\ (D)  engendering \... speculation\ (E)  resolving \... rumors\ \   **5-4** **64. The commissions criticized the legislature for making college attendance dependent on the ability to pay, charging that, as a result, hundreds of qualified young people would be \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- further education.**\ (A)  entitled lo\ (B)striving for\ (C)  deprived of\ (D)  uninterested in\ (E)  participating in **65. In most native American cultures, an article used in prayer or ritual is made with extraordinary attention to and richness of detail: il is decorated more\-\-\-\-\-\-\--than a similar article intended for \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--use.**\ (A)  delicately \... vocational\ (B)  colorfully \... festive\ (C)  creatively \... religious\ (D) subtly \... commercial\ (E)  lavishly \... everyday **66.  Having no sense of moral obligation, Shipler was as little subject to the\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- of conscience after he acted as he was motivated by its\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- before he acted.\ **(A)  rewards\.... chastisement\ (B)  balm\.... eloquence\ (C)  reproaches\.... promptings\ (D)  ridicule\.... allure\ (E)  qualms\.... atonement\ \  **67. Freud derived psychoanalytic knowledge of childhood indirectly: he \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--childhood processes from adult \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.\ **(A)  reconstructed\.... memory\ (B)  condoned\.... experience\ (C)  incorporated\.... behavior\ (D)  released\.... monotony\ (E)  inferred\.... anticipation **68. While she initially suffered the fate of many pioneers the incomprehension of her colleagues octogenarian Nobel laureate Barbara McClintock has lived to\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--the triumph of her once\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--scientific theories.**\ (A)  descry .....innovative\ (B)   regret ..... insignificant\ (C)  perpetuate.....  tentative\ (D)   enjoy..... authoritative\ (E)  savor ......heterodox\ \  **69. Broadway audiences have become inured to \-\-\-\-\--and so\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- to be pleased as to make\ their ready ovations meaningless as an indicator of the quality of the production before them.\ **(A) sentimentality\.... reluctant\ (B)condescension\.... disinclined\ (C)  histrionics\.... unlikely\ (D)  cleverness\.... eager\ (E)  mediocrity\.... desperate\ \ **70. Any language is a conspiracy against experience in the sense that it is a collective attempt to\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--\  experience by reducing it into discrete parcels**.\ (A)  extrapolate\ (B)   transcribe\ (C)  complicate\ (D) amplify\ (E)  manage\ \   **6-1** **71. By divesting himself of all regalities, the former king\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--the consideration that customarily protects monarchs.**\ (A)  merited\ (B) forfeited\ (C)  debased\ (D)  concealed\ (E)  extended\ \ ** 72. A perennial goal in zoology is to infer function from\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- \--,relating the\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  of an organism to its physical form and cellular organization.**\ (A)  age \... ancestry\ (B)  classification \... appearance\ (C)  size \... movement\ (D)  structure \... behavior\ (E)  location \... habitat\ \ ** 73. The sociologist responded to the charge that her new theory was\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- by pointing out that it\ did not in fact contradict accepted sociological principles.\ **(A) banal\ (B)heretical\ (C)  unproven\ (D) complex\ (E)  superficial\ \ ** 74. Industrialists seized economic power only after industry had \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--agriculture as the preeminent form of production; previously such power had \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- land ownership.**\ (A)  sabotaged\.... threatened\ (B) overtaken\.... produced\ (C)  toppled \... culminated in\ (D)  joined\.... relied on **75.  Rumors, embroidered with detail, live on for years, neither denied nor confirmed, until they become accepted as fact even among people not known for their \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A)  insight\ (B)obstinacy\ (C)  introspection\ (D)  tolerance\ (E)  credulity **76. No longer \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- by the belief that the world around us was expressly designed for humanity, many people try to find intellectual\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--for that lost certainty in astrology and in mysticism**.\ (A)  satisfied \... reasons\ (B)sustained \... substitutes\ (C)  reassured \... justifications\ (D)  hampered \... equivalents\ (E)  restricted \... parallels\ \  **77. People should not be praised for their virtue if they lack the energy to be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- ;in such cases, goodness is merely the effect of\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A)  depraved \... hesitation\ (B)  cruel \... effortlessness\ (C)  wicked \... indolence\ (D)  unjust \... boredom\ (E)  iniquitous \... impiety\ \   **6-4**\ \ **78. Animals that have tasted unpalatable plants tend to \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  them afterward on the basis of their most conspicuous features, such as their flowers.**\ (A)  recognize\ (B)hoard\ (C)  trample\ (D)  retrieve\ (E)  approach\ \ ** 79. As for the alleged value of expert opinion, one need only\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- government records to see\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- evidence of the failure of such opinions in many fields.**\ (A)  inspect \... questionable\ (B)   retain \... circumstantial\ (C)  distribute \... possible\ (D)  consult \... strong\ (E)  evaluate \... problematic **80. ln scientific inquiry, it becomes a matter of duty to expose a \-\-\-\-\--hypothesis to every possible kind of \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- .**     \ (A)  tentative \... examination\ (B)debatable \... approximation\ (C)  well-established \... rationalization\ (D)  logical \... elaboration\ (E)  suspect \... correlation **81. Charlotte Salomon\'s biography is a reminder that the currents of private life, however diverted, dislodged, or twisted by \-\-\-\-\-- public events, retain their hold on the \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--recording them.**\ (A)  transitory \... culture\ (B) dramatic \... majority\ (C)  overpowering \... individual\ (D)  conventional \... audience **82. Philosophical problems arise when people ask questions that, though very\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- , have certain\ characteristics in common.**\ (A) relevant\ (B)elementary\ (C)  abstract\ (D) diverse\ (E)  controversial\ \ ** 83. Although Johnson \-\-\-\-\-\-\--great enthusiasm for his employees\' project, in reality his interest in the project was so \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  as to be almost non-existent.**\ (A)  generated\.... redundant\ (B)displayed\.... preemptive\ (C)  expected\.... indiscriminate\ (D)  feigned\.... perfunctory\ (E)  demanded\.... dispassionate\ \ ** 84. Not all the indicators necessary to convey the effect of depth in a picture work simultaneously; the picture\'s illusion of \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- three-dimensional appearance must therefore result from the viewer\'s integration of various indicators perceived\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A)  imitative\.... coincidentally\ (B)   uniform\... successively\ (C)  temporary\.... comprehensively\ (D)  expressive\.... sympathetically\ (E)  schematic\.... passively\ \   **7-1**\ \ **85. Her\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- should not be confused with miserliness; as long as l have known her, she has always been willing to assist those who are in need.**\ (A)  intemperance\ (B)intolerance\ (C)  apprehension\ (D)  diffidence\ (E)  frugality **86. Natural selection tends to eliminate genes that cause inherited diseases, acting most strongly against the most severe diseases; consequently, hereditary diseases that are \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--would be expected to be very  \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--, but, surprisingly, they are not.**\ (A)  lethal \... rare\ (B)untreated \... dangerous\ (C)  unusual \... refractory\ (D)  new \... perplexing\ (E)  widespread \... acute\ \ ** 87. Unfortunately, his damaging attacks on the ramifications of the economic policy have been\ \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--by his wholehea1ied acceptance of that policy\'s underlying assumptions.**\ (A)  supplemented\ (B)  undermined\ (C)  wasted\ (D)  dive1ied\ (E)  redeemed **88.During the opera\'s most famous aria the tempo chosen by the orchestra\'s conductor seemed\ \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--, without necessary relation to what had gone before.**\ (A)  tedious\ (B)  melodious\ (C)  capricious\ (D)  compelling\ (E)  cautious **89. ln the machinelike world of classical physics, the human intellect appears\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--, since the mechanical nature of classical physics does not \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--creative reasoning, the very ability that had made the formulation of classical principles possible.\ **(A)  anomalous \... allow for\ (B)  abstract \... speak to\ (C)  anachronistic \... deny\ (D)  enduring \... value\ (E)  contradictory \... exclude **90. During the l 960\'s assessments of the family shitted remarkably, from general endorsement or Il as a worthwhile, stable institution to widespread\-\-\-\-\-\--it as an oppressive and bankrupt one whose\-\-\-\-\-\-\--was both imminent and welcome.\ **(A)  flight from\.... restitution\ (B) fascination with\.... corruption\ (C)  rejection of\.... vogue\ (D)  censure of\.... dissolution\ (E)  relinquishment of\.... ascent **91.Documenting science\'s\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--philosophy would be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  , since it is almost axiomatic that many philosophers use scientific concepts as the foundations for their speculations.\ **(A)  distrust of\.... elementary\ (B)  influence on\.... supcr11uous\ (C)  reliance on\.... inappropriate\ (D) dependence on\.... difficult\ (E)  differences from\.... impossible\ \   **7-4**\ \ **92. The spellings of many Old English words have been\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- in the living language, although their pronunciations have changed.\ **(A)  preserved\ (B)shortened\ (C)  preempted\ (D)  revised\ (E)  improved **93. The sheer diversity of tropical plants represents a seemingly \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- source of raw materials, of which only a few have been utilized.**\ (A)  exploited\ (B)  quantifiable\ (C)  controversial\ (D)  inexhaustible\ (E)  remarkable **94. For centuries animals have been used as \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- for people in experiments to assess the effects of therapeutic and other agents that might later be used in humans.\ **(A)  benefactors\ (B)companions\ (C)  examples\ (D)  precedents\ (E)  surrogates **95. Social tensions among adult factions can be\-\-\-\-- by politics, but adolescents and children have no such\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- for resolving their conflict with the exclusive world of adults.**\ (A)   intensified \... attitude\ (B)  complicated \... relief\ (C)  frustrated \... justification\ (D)  adjusted \... mechanism\ (E)  revealed \... opportunity **96. The state is a network of exchanged benefits and beliefs,\-\-\-\-- between rulers and citizens based on those laws and procedures that are\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--to the maintenance of community.\ **(A)  a compromise \... inimical\ (B)an interdependence \... subsidiary\ (C)  a counterpoint \... incidental\ (D) an equivalence \... prerequisite\ (E)  a reciprocity \... conducive\ \ ** 97. Far from viewing Jefferson as a skeptical but enlightened intellectual, historians of the 1960\'s portrayed him as\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  thinker, eager to fill the young with his political orthodoxy while censoring ideas he did not like**.\ (A)  an adventurous\ (B)  a doctrinaire\ (C)  an eclectic\ (D)  a judicious\ (E)  a cynical\ \  **98. To have trne disciples, a thinker must not be too\-\-\-\-\-- :any effective intellectual leader depends on the ability of other people to\-\-\-\--thought processes that did not originate with them.**\ (A)  popular \... dismiss\ (B)  methodical \... interpret\ (C)  idiosyncratic \... reenact\ (D)  self-confident \... revitalize\ (E)  pragmatic \... discourage **8-1** **99. Even though formidable winters are the norm in the Dakotas, many people were unprepared for the\-\-\-\-\-- of the blizzard of 1888.**\ (A) inevitability\ (B) ferocity\ (C)  importance\ (D)  probability\ (E)  mildness **100.  As the first streamlined car, the Airflow represented a \-\-\-\-\-\-\--in automotive development, and although its sales were\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--, it had an immense influence on automobile design.**\ (A)  milestone \... disappointing\ (B)  breakthrough \... significant\ (C)  regression \... unimportant\ (D)  misjudgment \... calculable\ (E)  revolution \... tolerable **101.  While nurturing parents can compensate for adversity, cold or inconsistent parents may \-\-\-\-\-\-\--it.**\ (A)  exacerbate\ (B)   neutralize\ (C)  eradicate\ (D)  ameliorate\ (E)  relieve\ \  **102.  The architects of New York\'s early skyscrapers, hinting here at a twelfth-century cathedral, there at a fifteenth-century palace, sought to legitimize the city\'s social strivings by \-\-\-\-\-\-\-- a history the city did not truly \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A)  revealing \... deserve\ (B)  displaying \... desire\ (C)  evoking \... possess\ (D)  preserving \... experience\ (E)  flouting \... believe **103. Actual events in the history of life on Earth are accidental in that any outcome embodies just one\ \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--among millions; yet each out-come can be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--interpreted.**\ (A) coincidence \... randomly\ (B)relationship \... predictably\ (C)  fact \... readily\ (D)  happening \... uniquely\ (E)  possibility \... rationally\ \  **104. Although some of her fellow scientists \-\-\-\-\-\-\--the unorthodox laboratory methodology that others found innovative, unanimous praise greeted her experimental results: at once pioneering and\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A)  ignored \... untrustworthy\ (B)  complimented \... foreseeable\ (C)  welcomed \... mundane\ (D)  decried \... unexceptionable\ (E)  attacked \... inconclusive\ \ **105. Early critics of Emily Dickinson\'s poetry mistook for simplemindedness the surface of artlessness that in fact she constructed with such \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.\ **(A)  astonishment\ (B)  vexation\ (C)  allusion\ (D)  innocence\ (E)  cunning\ \   8-4\ \  \ **106. This project is the first step in a long-range plan of research whose\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- goal, still many years off, is the creation of a new prototype.\ ** (A)  cooperative\ (B)  reasoned\ (C)  original\ (D)  ultimate\ (E)  intentional **107. Eric was frustrated because, although he was adept at making lies sound \-\-\-\-\--, when telling the truth, he\-\-\-\-\-\--the power to make himself believed.**\ (A)  plausible \... lacked\ (B)  convincing \... held\ (C)  honest \... found\ (D)  true \... acquired\ (E)  logical \... claimed **108. In certain forms of discourse such as the parable, the central point of a message can be effectively communicated even though this point is not \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--\ **(A)  preferred\ (B)  explicit\ (C)  inferable\ (D) discerned\ (E)  illustrated\ \  **109. Always circumspect, she was reluctant to make judgments, but once arriving at a conclusion, she was\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--in its defense.**\ (A)  nonplussed\ (B)  obsequious\ (C)  intransigent\ (D)  deferential\ (E)  negligent **110. The techniques now available to livestock breeders will continue to be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- , but will probably be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--by new ones under development.**\ (A) fruitful\.... reversed\ (B)refined\.... upgraded\ (C)  inconvenient\.... reassessed\ (D)  used\.... supplemented\ (E)  harmless\.... improved\ \ ** 111. Any population increase beyond a certain level necessitates greater\-\-\-\-\-\-- vegetable foods; thus, the ability of a society to choose meat over cereals always arises, in part, from \-\-\-\-\-\-\--the number of people.**\ (A)  reliance on\.... replenishing\ (B)  production of\.... estimating\ (C)  spending on\.... concealing\ (D)  recourse lo\.... limiting\ (E)  attention to\.... varying\ \ ** 112. Ethologists are convinced that many animals survive through learning-but learning that is\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--their genetic programming, learning as thoroughly\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--as the most instinctive of behavioral responses.**\ (A)  superseded by\.... primitive\ (B) compatible with\.... transient\ (C)  complementary to\.... familiar (D)  derived from\.... inventive\ (E)  dictated by\.... stereotyped\ \   **9-1**\ \  \ \ **113. Though some of the information the author reveals about Russian life might surprise Americans, her major themes are\-\-\-\-\-\-- enough.\ **(A)   familiar\ (B)thorough\ (C)  vital\ (D) original\ (E)  interesting **114. In the early twentieth century, the discovery of radium\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- the popular imagination; not only\ was its discoverer, Marie Curie, idolized, but its market value\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- that of the rarest gemstone.\ **(A) stormed\.... sank to\ (B)horrified\.... approached\ (C)  taxed\.... was equal to\ (D) enflamed\.... exceeded\ (E)  escaped \... was comparable to\ \ ** 115. The president\'s secretary and his chief aide adored him, and both wrote obsessively \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--personal memoirs about him; unfo1iunately, however,\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- does not make for true intimacy.**\ (A)  fatuous\.... frankness\ (B)  devoted\.... idolatry\ (C)  garrulous\.... confidentiality\ (D)  candid\.... discretion\ (E)  rancorous\.... criticism **116. Despite claims that his philosophy can be traced to \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--source, the philosophy in fact draws liberally on several traditions and methodologies and so could justifiably be termed\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A)  a particular\.... consistent\ (B)  a schematic\.... multifaceted\ (C)  a dominant\.... cogent\ (D)  an authoritative\.... derivative\ (E)  a single\.... eclectic **117. Du Bois\' foreign trips were the highlight, not the\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--, of his travels; he was habitually on the go across and around the United States.**\ (A) idiosyncrasy\ (B)result\ (C)  precursor\ (D) culmination\ (E)  totality\ \  **118. Business forecasts usually prove reasonably accurate when the assumption that the future will be much like the past is\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  ; in limes of major\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--   in the business environment, however, forecasts can be dangerously wrong.\ **(A)   specified\.... discontinuities\ (B)  questioned\.... surges\ (C)  contradicted\.... improvements\ (D)  entertained\.... risks\ (E)  satisfied\.... shifts **119. It is almost always desirable to increase the yield of a crop if \-\-\-\-\-\-\-- increases are not also necessary in energy, labor, and other inputs of crop production**.\ (A)  predetermined\ (B)  commensurate\ (C)  compatible\ (D)  measured\ (E)  equivocal ADBEE EB **9-4**\ \ **120. Job failure means being fired from a job, being asked to resign, or leaving \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- to protect yourself because you had very strong evidence that one of the first two was \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.\ **(A)  voluntarily \... impending\ (B)   abruptly \... significant\ (C)  knowingly \... operative\ (D)  understandably \... pertinent\ (E)  eventually \... intentional **121. The tone of Jane Carlyle\'s letter is guarded, and her feelings are always\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--by the wit and\ pride that made \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  plea for sympathy impossible for her.\ **(A)  masked\.... a direct\ (B)  bolstered\.... a needless\ (C)  controlled\.... a circumspect\ (D)  enhanced\.... an intentional\ (E)  colored \... an untimely **122. French folktales almost always take place within the basic \-\-\-\-\-\-\--that correspond to the\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- setting of peasant life: on the one hand, the household and village and on the other, the open road.**\ (A)  contexts\.... hierarchical\ (B)  structures\.... personal\ (C)  frameworks\.... dual\ (D)  chronologies\.... generic\ (E)  narratives\.... ambivalent\ \ ** 123. Nurturing the Royal Ballet\'s artistic growth while preserving its institutional stability has been difficult, because the claims of the latter seem inescapably to \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- development; apparently, attaining artistic success is simpler than \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--it.**\ (A)  ensure\.... promoting\ (B)  inhibit\.... perpetuating\ (C)   undermine\.... resurrecting\ (D)  modify\.... appreciating\ (E)  supplement\.... confining **124.Inspired interim responses to hitherto unknown problems, New Deal economic stratagems became\ \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--as a result of bureaucratization, their flexibility and adaptability destroyed by their transformation into rigid policies.**\ (A) politicized\ (B)consolidated\ (C)  ossified\ (D) ungovernable\ (E)  streamlined **125. Biologists \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- isolated oceanic islands like the Galapagos, because, in such small, laboratory- like settings, the rich hurly-burly of continental plant and animal communities is reduced to a scientifically  \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--complexity.\ **(A)  explore \... diverse\ (B)desert \... manageable\ (C)  exploit \... intimidating\ (D)  reject \... intricate\ (E)  prize \... tractable\ \  \ \ **126. The startling finding that variations in the rate of the Earth\'s rotation depend to an \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  degree on the weather has necessitated a complete \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--of the world\'s time-keeping methods.**\ (A)  unexpected \... overhaul\ (B)  anticipated \... recalibration\ (C)  indeterminate \... rejection\ (D)  unobservable \... review\ (E)  estimated \... acceptance\ \   **10-1**\ \ **127. It was a war the queen and her more prudent counselors wished to \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--if they could and were determined in any event to  \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- as long as possible.**\ (A)  provoke \... delay\ (B)denounce \... deny\ (C)  instigate \... conceal\ (D)  curtail \... promote\ (E)  avoid \... postpone\ \  \ **\ 128. Despite many decades of research on the gasification or coal, the data accumulated are not directly\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--to environmental questions; thus a new program of research specifically addressing such questions is \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A) analogous \... promising\ (B)transferable \... contradictory\ (C)  antithetical \... unremarkable\ (D)  applicable \... warranted\ (E)  pertinent \... unnecessary\ \ ** 129. Unlike other creatures, who are shaped largely by their\-\-\-\-\-\-- environment, human beings are products of a culture accumulated over centuries, yet one that is constantly being\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  by massive infusions of new information from everywhere.\ **(A)  harsh \... unconfirmed\ (B)  surrounding \... upheld\ (C)  immediate \... transformed\ (D)  natural\... mechanized\ (E)  limited. superseded\ \  **130. Edith Wharton sought in her memoir to present herself as having achieved a harmonious wholeness by having \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--the conflicting elements of her life.**\ (A)  affirmed\ (B)  highlighted\ (C)   reconciled\ (D)  confined\ (E)  identified **131.In their preface, the collection\'s editors plead that certain of the important articles they  \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--were published too recently for inclusion, but in the case of many such articles, this \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--   is not valid.**\ (A)  discussed \... replacement\ (B)  omitted \... excuse\ (C)  revised \... clarification\ (D)  disparaged \... justification\ (E)  ignored \... endorsement **132. The labor union and the company\'s management, despite their long history of unfailingly acerbic disagreement on nearly every issue, have nevertheless reached an unexpectedly\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--, albeit still tentative, agreement on next year\'s contract.\ **(A)  swift\ (B)  onerous\ (C)  hesitant\ (D)  reluctant\ (E)  conclusive\ \ **133, In response to the follies of today\'s commercial and political worlds, the author does not \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- inflamed indignation, but rather\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- the detachment and smooth aphoristic prose of an eighteenth-century wit.**\ (A)  display\.... rails at\ (B)  rely on\.... avoids\ (C)  suppress\.... clings to\ (D)  express\.... affects\ (E)  resort to\.... spurns\ \   **10-4**\ \ **134. Vaillant, who has been particularly interested in the means by which people attain mental health, seems to be looking for\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--answers: a way to close the book on at least a few questions about human nature.\ **(A)  definitive\ (B)  confused\ (C)  temporary\ (D) personal\ (E) derivative 135\. The well-trained engineer must understand fields as diverse as physics, economics, geology, and sociology; thus, an overly \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--engineering curriculum should be avoided.\ (A)  narrow\ (B) innovative\ (C)  competitive\ (D)  rigorous\ (E)  academic\ \ ** 136.Although supernovas are among the most\-\-\-\-\-\--of cosmic events, these stellar explosions are often hard to \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  , either because they are enormously far away or because they are dimmed by intervening dust and gas clouds.**\ (A)  remote \... observe\ (B)  luminous \... detect\ (C)  predictable \... foresee\ (D)  ancient \... determine\ (E)  violent \... disregard **137. During the widespread fuel shortage, the price of gasoline was so that suppliers were generally thought to be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--the consumer.**\ (A)  reactive \... shielding\ (B)  stable \... blackmailing\ (C)  depressed \... cheating\ (D)  prohibitive \... placating\ (E)  excessive \... gouging **138.  Art\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--science, but that does not mean that the artist must also be a scientist; an artist uses the fruits of science but need not\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- the theories from which they derive.**\ (A) precedes \... anticipate\ (B)incorporates \... understand\ (C)  transcends \... abandon\ (D)  imitates \... repudiate\ (E) resembles \... contest\ \ ** 139. Imposing steep fines on employers for on-the-job injuries to workers could be an effective\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--\ to creating a safer workplace, especially in the case of employers with poor safety records.\ **(A)    antidote\ (B)   alternative\ (C)    addition\ (D)    deterrent\ (E)   incentive\ \ ** 140. Literature is inevitably a\-\-\-\-\-\--rather than\-\-\-\-\-\--medium for the simple reason that writers interpose their own vision between the reader and reality.\ **(A)  disto1iing \... a neutral\ (B)  transparent \... an opaque \(C) colorful \... a drab\ (D)  flawless \... an inexact\ (E) flexible \... a rigid **11-1**\ \ **141. With its maverick approach to the subject, Shere Hite\'s book has been more widely debated than most; the media throughout the country have brought the author\'s \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--opinions to the public\'s attention.**\ (A)  controversial\ (B)  authoritative\ (C)  popular\ (D)  conclusive\ (E)  articulate **142. Though many medieval women possessed devotional books that had belonged to their mothers, formal written evidence of women bequeathing books to their daughters is scarce, which suggests that such bequests were\-\-\-\-\-\-\--and required no \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--\ **(A)  unselfish \... rationalization\ (B)  tangential \... approval\ (C)  customary \... documentation\ (D) covert \... discretion\ (E)  spurious \... record\ \  **143. Although their initial anger had \-\-\-\--somewhat, they continued to \-\-\-\-\-\--the careless worker who had broken the machine.**\ (A)  blazed \... assail\ (B)  diminished \...appease\ (C)  abated \... berate\ (D)  subsided \... condone\ (E)  intensified \... torment\ \ ** 144. Borrowing a copyrighted book from a library amounts to a form of theft\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- by entrenched\ custom: the copyright owner\'s property, the book, is used repeatedly without\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- for such use.\ **(A)  engendered\.... application\ (B)  anticipated\.... acknowledgement\ (C)  sanctioned\.... compensation\ (D)  provoked\.... adjustment\ (E)  perpetrated\.... permission **145. The notion that a parasite can alter the behavior of a host organism is not mere fiction; indeed, the phenomenon is not even\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A)  observable\ (B) real\ (C)  comprehended\ (D)  rare\ (E)  imaginable\ \ ** 146.Although Shakespeare received little formal education, scholarship has in recent years \-\-\-\-\--the view that he was \-\-\-\-\-\-\-- the work of classical authors.**\ (A)  substantiated \... unimpressed by\ (B)  eroded \... obsessed by\ (C)  supported \... oblivious to\ (D)  questioned \... influenced by\ (E)  undermined \... unfamiliar with **147. Darwin\'s method did not really \-\-\-\-- the idea of race as an important conceptual category; even the much more central idea of species was little more than a theoretical \-\-\-\-\-\--**\ (A)  require \... convenience\ (B)  apply \... measurement\ (C)  exclude \... practice\ (D)  subsume \... validation\ (E)  reject \... fact\ \   **11-4**\ \ **148. The functions of the hands, eyes, and brain are so \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- that using the hands during early childhood helps to promote the child\'s entire\-\-\-\-\--development.**\ (A)  intertwined \... perceptual\ (B)unalterable \... intellectual\ (C)  enigmatic \... psychological\ (D)  regulated \... adolescent\ (E)  individualized \... social **149. Before 1500  north America was inhabited by more than 300 cultural groups, each with different customs, social structures, world views, and languages; such diversity \-\-\-\-\--  the existence of a single active American culture.**\ (A)  complements\ (B) implies\ (C)  reiterates\ (D) argues against\ (E)  explains away\ \  **150. That dealers\-\-\-\-\-\-- enough to nurture a young modern painter\'s career rather than plunder it exist is not impossible, but the public\'s \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--appetite for modern art makes such dealers less and less likely.\ **(A)  chivalrous \... discriminating\ (B)  magnanimous \... quirky\ (C)  patient \... insatiable\ (D)  cynical \... finicky\ (E)  reckless \... zealous\ \  **151. In the absence of any \-\-\-\-\--caused by danger, hardship, or even cultural difference, most utopian communities deteriorate into\-\-\-\-\-\-\--but enervating backwaters.\ **(A)  turmoil \... frantic\ (B)  mistrust \... naive\ (C)  amelioration \... ignorant\ (D)  decimation \... intrusive\ (E)  stimulation \... placid **152. As Juanita argued, this new code of conduct is laughable; its principles are either \-\-\-\-\-\--offering no wisdom but the obvious, or are so devoid of specific advice as to make almost any action\ **(A)  irresolute \... unlikely\ (B)corroborative \... redundant\ (C)  platitudinous \... justifiable\ (D)  homogeneous \... impartial\ (E)  labyrinthine \... unacceptable\ \ ** 153. Histocompatibility antigens that attack foreign tissue in the body cannot have been \-\-\-\-\-\-\--through evolution expressly to\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  organ transplantation; on the contrary, they have been found to facilitate many essential biological functions.**\ (A)  designed \... retain\ (B)produced \... aid\ (C)  developed \... enhance\ (D)  selected \... promote\ (E)  conserved \... foil\ \  **154. Their air of cheerful self-sacrifice and endless complaisance won them undeserved praise, for their seeming gallantry was wholly motivated by a \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--wish to avoid conflict of any sort.**\ (A)  poignant\ (B)  sincere\ (C)  plaintive\ (D) laudable\ (E)  craven\ \   **12-1**\ \ **155. By idiosyncratically refusing to dismiss an insubordinate member of his staff, the manager not only\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--established policy, but he also \-\-\-\-\-\-- his heretofore good chances for promotion.\ **(A) instituted \... bettered\ (B)recognized \... protected\ (C)  contravened \... jeopardized\ (D)  reiterated \... computed\ (E)  delimited \... restricted\ \ ** 156. Congress is having great difficulty developing a consensus on energy policy, primarily because the policy objectives of various members of Congress rest on such\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- assumptions.\ **(A)  commonplace\ (B)  trivial\ (C)  explicit\ (D)  divergent\ (E)  fundamental\ \ ** 157.  The widespread public shock at the news of the guilty verdict was caused partly by \-\-\-\-\-\-\-- news stories that had\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--acquittal.\ **(A)  sensational \... condemned\ (B) buried \... urged\ (C)  impartial \... mentioned\ (D)  biased \... predicted\ (E)  local \... denounced\ \ ** 158.  The idealized paintings of nature produced in the eighteenth century are evidence that the medieval\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--natural settings had been\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- and that the outdoors now could be enjoyed without trepidation.**\ (A)  fear of \... exorcised\ (B)  concerns about \... regained\ (C)  affection for \... surmounted\ (D)  disinterest in \... alleviated\ (E)  enthusiasm for \... confronted **159. Some paleontologists debate whether the diversity of species has\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- since the Cambrian period, or whether imperfections in the fossil record only suggest greater diversity today, while in actuality there has been either\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--or decreased diversity.\ **(A) changed\.... escalation\ (B)increased\.... stasis\ (C)  expanded\.... discontinuity\ (D)  declined\.... reduction\ (E)  improved\.... deviation\ \ ** 160.   Manipulating laboratory tissue cultures with hormones is one thing; using hormones to treat human beings, however, is contingent on whether hormones that\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- in the laboratory can affect\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- organisms, and in predictable ways.\ **(A) develop\.... similar\ (B)succeed\.... simple\ (C)  fail\.... cellular\ (D)  work\.... whole\ (E)  reproduce\.... unknown\ \  \ \ **161. The astronomer and feminist Maria Mitchell\'s own prodigious activity and the vigor of the Association for the Advancement of Women during the l 870\'s \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--any assertion that feminism was \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- in that period.**\ (A)  exclude\.... thriving\ (B)  contradict\.... prospering\ (C)  pervade\.... remote\ (D)  buttress\.... dormant\ (E)  belie\.... quiescent\ \   **12-4**\ \ **162.  Only by ignoring decades of mismanagement and inefficiency could investors conclude that a fresh infusion of cash would provide anything more than a \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--solution to the company\'s financial woes.\ **(A)  fair\ (B)temporary\ (C)  genuine\ (D)  realistic\ (E)  complete\ \  \ \ **163.  Although the discovery of antibiotics led to great advances in clinical practice, it did not represent a\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--bacterial illness, for there are some bacteria that cannot be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--treated with antibiotics.**\ (A)  breakthrough in \... consistently\ (B)  panacea for \... effectively\ (C)  neglect of \... efficiently\ (D)  reexamination of \... conventionally\ (E)  resurgence of \... entirely\ \ ** 164.  A misconception frequently held by novice writers is that sentence structure mirrors thought: the more convoluted the structure, the more \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--the ideas.**\ (A)  complicated\ (B)  inconsequential\ (C)  elementary\ (D)  fanciful\ (E)  blatant\ \ ** 165.  Jones was unable to recognize the contradictions in his attitudes that were obvious to everyone else; even the hint of an untruth was \-\-\-\-\-\-- to him, but he\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  serious trouble by always cheating on his taxes.**\ (A)  acceptable\.... risked\ (B)exciting\.... averted\ (C)  repugnant\.... courted\ (D) anathema\.... evaded\ (E)  tempting\.... hazarded **166.  Even though the general\'s carefully qualified public statement could hardly be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- ,some people took it.\ **(A)  respected \... liberties with\ (B)inoffensive \... umbrage at\ (C)  faulted \... exception to\ (D)  credited \... potshots at\ (E)  dismissed \... interest in\ \ ** 167.   Though feminist in its implications, Yvonne Rainer\'s 1974 film \-\-\-\-\-\-\-- the filmmaker\'s active involvernent in feminist politics.\ **(A)  preserved\ (B)   portrayed\ (C)  encouraged\ (D) renewed\ (E)  antedated\ \ ** 168.   The chances that a species will  \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- are reduced if any vital function is restricted to a single kind of organ; \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--by itself possesses an enormous survival advantage.**\ (A)  degenerate \... complexity\ (B)  expire \... size\ (C)  disappear \... variety\ (D) flourish \... symmetry\ (E)  persist \... redundancy **13-1\ **\ **169.  The availability of oxygen is an essential\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- for animal life, while carbon dioxide is equally  for \-\-\-\-\-\--plant lite.\ **(A) choice \... optional\ (B)duplication \... selective\ (C)  conversion \... exchangeable\ (D) condition \... necessary\ (E)  luxury \... harmful\ \  \ \ **170.  Prudery actually draws attention to the vice it is supposed to\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  ;the very act that forbids speech or prohibits sight\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--what is hidden.\ **(A)  condemn \... distorts\ (B)   monitor \... signals\ (C)  repress \... dramatizes\ (D)  obviate \... fosters\ (E)  divulge \... conceals\ \ ** \ 171.  After thirty years of television, people have become \"speed watchers\"; consequently, if the camera lingers, the interest of the audience\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A)   broadens\ (B)begins\ (C)  varies\ (D) flags\ (E)  clears\ \ ** 172. Compared mathematically to smoking and driving, almost everything else seems relatively risk-free\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- almost nothing seems worth regulating.**\ (A ) yet \ (B) since\ (C)  so\ (D) even though\ (E)  as long as **173.   Ironically, Carver\'s precision in sketching lives on the edge of despair ensures that his stories will sometimes be read too narrowly, much as Dickens\' social-reformer role once caused his broader concerns to be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.\ **(A)  ignored\ (B)  reinforced\ (C)  contradicted\ (D)  diminished\ (E)  diversified\ \ ** 174.   The demise or the rigorous academic curriculum m high school resulted, in part, from the progressive rhetoric that\-\-\-\-\-\-\--the study of subjects previously thought\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--as part of school learning.**\ (A)  advocated \... necessary\ (B) enhanced \... indispensable\ (C)  restricted \... impractical\ (D)  undermined \... popular\ (E)  sanctioned \... inappropriate\ \ ** 175.   While some see in practical jokes a wish for mastery in miniature over a world that seems very\ \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--, others believe that the jokes\' purpose is to disrupt, by reducing all transactions to\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--**\ (A)  dubious \... confusion\ (B)  disorderly \... symmetry\ (C)  harmonious \... dissonance\ (D)  unruly \... chaos\ (E)  turbulent \... uniformity\ \   **13-4**\ \ **176.  Aspartame, a new artificial sugar substitute, is only \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--replacement for saccharin because, unlike saccharin, it breaks down and loses its sweetening characteristics at high temperatures, making it \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- for baking.\ **(A)  an interim \... ideal\ (B)  an apparent \... excellent\ (C)  a potential.. versatile\ (D)  a significant \... problematic\ (E)  a partial \... unsuitable\ \ ** 177. Trapped thousands of years ago in Antarctic ice, recently discovered air bubbles are\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- time capsules filled with information for scientists who chart the history of the atmosphere.**\ (A) inconsequential\ (B)broken\ (C)  veritable\ (D)  resplendent\ (E)  impenetrable\ \  **178.  In the days before the mass marketing of books, censorship was \-\-\-\-\-\-\--source of \-\-\-\-\-\-\--which helped the sale of the book and inspired Ralph Waldo Emerson to remark: \"Every burned book enlightens the world\".\ **(A)  a respected\.... opinion\ (B) a constant\.... guidance\ (C)  a prime\.... publicity\ (D)  an unnoticed\.... opposition\ (E)  an unpromising\.... criticism\ \  \ \ **179. it was not only the\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--geologists that \-\-\-\-\-\--of earlier development of the revolutionary idea that the Earth\'s continents were moving plates; classical physicists, who could not then explain the mechanism, had declared continental movement** **impossible.**\ (A)  indecisiveness\.... challenged\ (B)radicalism\.... deterred\ (C)  conservatism\.... hindered\ (D)  assumptions\.... hastened\ (E)  resistance\.... mandated **180.  Although often extremely critical of the medical profession as a whole, people are rarely willing to treat their personal doctors with equal \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--\ **(A)  impetuosity\ (B)sarcasm\ (C)  mockery\ (D)  contempt\ (E)  condescension\ \  **181. Aalto, like other modernists, believed that form follows function; consequently, his furniture designs asserted the\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--of human needs, and the furniture\'s form was \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- human use.\ **(A)  universality \... refined by\ (B)  importance \... relegated to\ (C)  rationale \... emphasized by\ (D) primacy \... determined by\ (E)  variability \... reflected in\ \  \ **182.  A \-\-\-\-\-\-- acceptance of contemporary forms of social behavior has misled a kw into believing that values in conflict with the present age are for all practical purposes \-\-\-\-\-\-\--.\ **(A)  casual \... reliable\ (B)  superficial \... trenchant\ (C)  complacent \... superseded\ (D) cautious \... redemptive\ (E)  plaintive \... redundant **14-1** **183.  Psychology has slowly evolved into an\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--scientific discipline that now functions autonomously with the same privileges and responsibilities as other sciences.**\ (A)  independent\ (B)   unusual\ (C)  outmoded\ (D)  uncontrolled\ (E)  inactive\ \ **184.  A major goal of law, to deter potential criminals by punishing wrongdoers, is not served when the penalty is so seldom invoked that it\-\-\-\-\-\-\--to be a \-\-\-\-\-\-- threat.\ **(A)  tends \... serious\ (B)  appears \... real\ (C)  ceases \... credible\ (D)   fails \... deceptive\ (E)  seems \... coercive\ \ ** 185.  When people are happy, they tend to give \-\-\-\-\-\--interpretations of events they witness: the eye of the beholder is \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- by the emotions of the beholder.\ **(A)  charitable \... colored\ (B)elaborate \... disquieted\ (C)  conscientious \... deceived\ (D)  vague \... sharpened\ (E)  coherent \... confused\ \ ** 186.  Even those who disagreed with Carmen\'s views rarely faulted her for expressing them, for the positions she took were as \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--as they were controversial.\ **(A)  complicated\ (B)political\ (C)  subjective\ (D)  commonplace\ (E)  thoughtful **187.   New research on technology and public policy focuses on how seemingly\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- design features generally over looked in most analyses or public works projects or industrial machinery, actually\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--social choices of profound significance.\ **(A)  insignificant \... mask\ (B)   inexpensive \... produce\ (C)  innovative \... represent\ (D)  ingenious \... permit\ (E)  inopportune \... hasten\ \  **188.  Paradoxically, Robinson\'s excessive denials of the worth or early works of science fiction suggest that she has become quite\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- them.\ **(A)  reflective about\ (B)   enamored of\ (C)  skeptical of\ (D)  encouraged by\ (E)  offended by\ \ ** 189. Cezanne\'s delicate watercolor sketches often served as\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- or a subject, a way of gathering fuller knowledge before the artist\'s final engagement of the subject in an oil painting.\ **(A)  an abstraction\ (B)  an enhancement\ (C)  a synthesis\ (D)  a reconnaissance\ (E)  a transcription **14-4**\ \ **190. Though it would be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- to expect Barnard to have worked out all of the limitations of his experiment, he must be\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- for his neglect of quantitative analysis.\ **(A)  unjust \... pardoned\ (B)impudent \... dismissed\ (C)  unrealistic \... criticized\ (D)  pointless \... examined\ (E)  inexcusable \... recognized\ \  **191. The hierarchy of medical occupations is in many ways a \-\-\-\-\-\--system; its strata remain\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--and the practitioners in them have very little vertical mobility.**\ (A)  health \... skilled\ (B)  delivery \... basic\ (C)  regimental \... flexible\ (D)  training \... inferior\ (E)  caste \... intact\ \ ** 192. Noting the murder victim\'s flaccid musculature and pear-like figure, she deduced that the unfortunate fellow had earned his living in some \-\-\-\-\-\-\--occupation.**\ (A)  treacherous\ (B)prestigious\ (C)  ill-paying\ (D)  illegitimate\ (E)  sedentary\ \ ** 193.  In Germany her startling powers as a novelist are widely \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- , but she is almost unknown in the English speaking world because of the difficulties of \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--her eccentric prose.**\ (A)  ignored \... editing\ (B) admired \... translating\ (C)  espoused \... revealing\ (D)  obscured \... comprehending\ (E)  dispersed \... transcribing **194.   Liberty is not easy, but far better to be an \-\-\-\-\-\--fox, hungry and threatened on its hill, than a\ \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- canary, safe and secure in its cage.**\ (A)  unfriendly \... fragile\ (B)  aging \... young\ (C)  angry \... content\ (D)  imperious \... lethargic\ (E)  unfettered \... well-fed\ \ ** 195.  Remelting old metal cans rather than making primary aluminum from bauxite ore shipped from overseas saves producers millions of dollars in \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--and production costs.**\ (A)  distribution\ (B)  salvage\ (C)  storage\ (D)  procurement\ (E)  research\ \ ** 196.   Johnson never \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--to ignore the standards of decent conduct mandated by company policy if\ \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--compliance with instructions from his superiors enabled him to do so, whatever the effects on his subordinates.**\ (A)  deigned \... tacit\ (B)  attempted \... halfl1earted\ (C)  intended \... direct\ (D)  scrupled \... literal\ (E)  wished \... feigned **15-1**\ \ **197. Despite the apparently bewildering complexity of this procedure, the underlying \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- is quite\-\-\-\--**\ (A)  simplicity \... calculated\ (B)principle \... elementary\ (C)  confusion \... imaginary\ (D)  purpose \... effective\ (E)  theory \... modern **198.  In television programming, a later viewing time often\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  a more\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- audience and, therefore, more -challenging subjects and themes.**\ (A)  requires \... critical\ (B)  evinces \... affluent\ (C)  implies \... mature\ (D)  eliminates \... realistic\ (E)  invites \... general\ \ **199.  The cultivation of the emotion of natsukashii interpretable as \"pleasant sorrow,\" brings Japanese to Kyoto in the spring, not to \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--the cherry blossoms in full bloom but to\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- the fading, falling flowers.**\ (A)  mourn \... exclaim over\ (B)  honor \... protect\ (C)  describe \... rejoice over\ (D)  arrange \... preserve\ (E)  savor \... grieve over\ \ ** 200. Adam Smith\'s Wealth of    nations (1776) is still worth reading, more to appreciate the current\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- of Smith\'s valid contributions to economics than to see those contributions as the\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- of present-day economics.\ **(A)  disregard \... outgrowths\ (B) reaffirmation \... concerns\ (C)  relevance \... precursors\ (D) acceptance \... byproducts\ (E)  importance \... vestiges 201\. At several points in his discussion, graves, in effect, \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- evidence when it does not support his argument, tailoring it to his needs.\ (A)  addresses\ (B)  creates\ (C)  alters\ (D)  suppresses\ (E)  substitutes\ \ ** 202. Regardless of what \-\-\-\-\-\-- theories of politics may propound, there is nothing that requires daily politics to be clear ,thorough ,and consistent? Nothing, that is, that requires reality to conform to theory.** (A)  vague\ (B)  assertive\ (C)  casual\ (D)  vicious\ (E)  tidy\ \ ** 203.  Exposure to sustained noise has been claimed to\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- blood pressure regulation in human\ beings and, particularly, to increase hypertension, even though some researchers have obtained inconclusive results that\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  the relationship.\ **(A)  sharpen\.... conflate\ (B)  increase\.... diminish\ (C)  aggravate\.... buttress\ (D)  disrupt\.... neutralize\ (E)  impair\.... obscure\   **15-4**\ \ **204.  After a slow sales start early in the year, mobile homes have been gaining favor as \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- to increasingly expensive conventional housing.\ **(A)  reaction\ (B)an addition\ (C)  an introduction\ (D)  an alternative\ (E)  a challenge **205.  just as such apparently basic things as rocks, clouds, and clams are, in fact, intricately structured entities, so the self, too, is not an \"elementary particle,\" but is \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--construction.\ **(A)  a complicated\ (B)a convoluted\ (C)  a distorted\ (D)  an amorphous\ (E)  an illusory\ \ ** 206.  Considering how long she had yearned to see Italy, her first reaction was curiously \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.\ **(A)  meditative\ (B)  tepid\ (C)  categorical\ (D)  unoriginal\ (E)  insightful\ \ ** 207. The successful\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--of an archaeological site requires scientific knowledge as well as cultural\-\-\-\-\-\-\--\ **(A)  evolution \... awareness\ (B)  revelation \... depth\ (C)  reconstruction \... sensitivity\ (D)  analysis \... aesthetics\ (E)  synthesis \... understanding\ \ **208.  As painted by Constable, the scene is not one of bucolic\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- ; rather it shows a striking\ emotional and intellectual \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**\ (A) intensity\.... boredom\ (B)complacence\.... detachment\ (C)  serenity\.... tension\ (D) vitality\.... excitement\ (E)  nostalgia\.... placidity\ \   **209.  Our times seem especially \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- bad ideas, probably because in throwing off the shackles of tradition, we have ended up being quite \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- untested theories and untried remedies.\ **(A)  impervious\.... tolerant of\ (B) hostile\.... dependent on\ (C)  hospitable\.... vulnerable to\ (D)  prone\.... wary of\ (E)  indifferent\.... devoid of\ \  **210.  Although he attempted repeatedly to \-\-\-\-\-\-\--her of her conviction of his insincerity, he was not successful; she remained \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--in her judgment.\ **(A)  remind\.... forceful\ (B)  convince\.... unfeigned\ (C)  exorcise\.... indulgent\ (D)  disabuse\.... adamant\ (E)  free\.... unsure\ \   **16-1**\ **\ 211. Dreams are\-\-\-\-\--in and of themselves, but when combined with other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer.**\ (A)  uninformative\ (B)  startling\ (C)  harmless\ (D)  unregulated\ (E)  uncontrollable **212. The Muses are \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--  deities: they avenge themselves without mercy on those who weary of their charms.**\ (A)  rueful\ (B)  ingenuous\ (C)  solicitous\ (D)  vindictive\ (E)  dispassionate **213. Without the psychiatrist\'s promise of confidentiality, trust is \-\-\-\-\-\-- and the patient\'s communication limited; even though confidentiality can thus be seen to be precious in therapy, moral responsibility sometimes requires a willingness to \-\-\-\-\-\-\-- it.**\ (A)  implicit \... extend\ (B) ambiguous \... apply\ (C)  prevented \... uphold\ (D) assumed \... examine\ (E)  impaired \... sacrifice\ \ ** 214. Having fully embraced the belief that government by persuasion is preferable to government by\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- , the leaders of the movement have recently \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--most of their previous statements supporting totalitarianism.**\ (A)  intimidation ..... issued\ (B)  participation  .....moderated\ (C)  proclamation .....  codified\ (D) demonstration  ..... deliberated\ (E)  coercion            repudiated **215. The powers and satisfactions of primeval people, though few and meager, were\-\-\-\-\-\-- their few and simple desires.**\ (A)  simultaneous with\ (B)commensurate with\ (C)  substantiated by\ (D) circumscribed by\ (E)  ruined by\ \  **216. Some scientists argue that carbon compounds play such a central role in life on Earth because of the possibility of\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--resulting from the carbon atom\'s ability to form an unending series of different molecules.**\ (A)  deviation\ (B)  stability (C)  reproduction\ (D)  variety\ (E)  invigoration\ \  **217. Whereas the art critic Vasari saw the painting entitled the Mona Lisa as an original and wonderful\ \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--feat, the reproduction of a natural object, the aesthetes saw it as \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- that required deciphering.**\ (A)  collaborative \... an aberration\ (B) historical \... a symbol\ (C)  technical \... a hieroglyph\ (D)  mechanical \... an imitation\ (E)  visual \... an illusion **16-4**\ \ **218.  As late as 1891 a speaker assured his audience that since profitable farming was the result of natural ability rather than\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--, an education in agriculture was \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.\ **(A)  instruction \... vital\ (B)effort \... difficult\ (C)  learning \... useless\ (D)  science \... intellectual\ (E)  luck \... senseless\ \  **219. In spite of the \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- nature of Scotland\'s terrain, its main roads are surprisingly free from severe\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**   \ (A)  rocky \... weather\ (B)   mountainous \... grades\ (C)  uncharted \... flooding\ (D)  unpredictable \... damage\ (E)  landlocked \... slipperiness\ \  \ \ **220. Walpole\'s art collection was huge and fascinating, and his novel The Castle of Otranto was never out of print; none of this mattered to the Victorians, who\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--him as, at best,\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--** (A)  dismissed \... insignificant\ (B) judged \... worthwhile\ (C)  revered \... talented\ (D) reviled \... meager\ (E)  taunted \... dangerous\ \  **221. Since the author frequently\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- other scholars, his objection to disputes is not only irrelevant but also \-\-\-\-\-\-\--.**                     \ (A)  supports \... overbearing\ (B)  provokes \... frightening\ (C)  quotes \... curious\ (D)  ignores \... peevish\ (E)  attacks \... surprising **222. Langdale and Stern discovered that mitochondria and chloroplasts\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--along, identifiable sequence of DNA; such a coincidence could be  \-\-\-\-\-\-\--   only by the transfer of DNA between the two systems.**\ (A)  manufacture \... accomplished\ (B)  reveal \... repeated\ (C)  exhibit \... determined\ (D)  share \... explained\ (E)  maintain \... contradicted\ \  **223. Until the current warming trend exceeds the range or normal chmat1c 1luctuat10ns, there will be, among scientists, considerable \-\-\-\-\-\-\-- the possibility that increasing levels of atmospheric CO2 can cause long-term warming effects.**\ (A) interest in\ (B)uncertainty about\ (C)  enthusiasm for\ (D)  worry about\ (E)  experimentation on **224. Without seeming unworldly, William James appeared wholly removed from the \-\-\-\-\-\-- of society, the conventionality of academe.\ **(A)  ethos\ (B)  idealism\ (C)  romance\ (D)  paradoxes\ (E)  commonplaces\ \