Grade 10 Biology Textbook PDF

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ProsperousCarnelian2898

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biology textbook grade 10 biology Ethiopian education secondary school biology

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This is a grade 10 biology textbook from Ethiopia. It covers various biology topics, likely for secondary school students.

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Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Biology Biology Biology Biology Biology Biology Biology...

Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Biology Biology Biology Biology Biology Biology Biology Biology Biology Biology Biology Biology Student udent Student Student Student Student Textbook Textbook Textbook Textbook Textbook Textbook Student Student Student Student Student Student Textbook Textbook Textbook Textbook Textbook Textbook Biology Biology Biology ade Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade 101010 1010 10 Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade 10 10 10 10 1010 Student Textbook Student Textbook Student Textbook Grade 10 Grade 10 Grade 10 Federal Federal Federal Federal Democratic Federal Federal Democratic Democratic Democratic Democratic Democratic Republic Republic Republic Republic Republic Republic ofof Ethiopia Ethiopia ofof of Ethiopia of Ethiopia Ethiopia Ethiopia FDRE Federal Federal Federal Federal Federal Democratic Federal Democratic Democratic Democratic Democratic Democratic Republic Republic Republic Republic Republic of of Republic Ethiopia of Ethiopia ofEthiopia Ethiopia of Ethiopia of Ethiopia MOE Ministry Ministry Ministry Ministry Ministry of Ministry Education of of Education ofEducation ofEducation ofEducation Education Ministry Ministry Ministry Ministry Ministry of Ministry of Education of Education Education Education ofof Education Education Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Biology Student Textbook Grade 10 Writers: Beyene Dobo, Ph.D. Girma Tilahun, Ph.D. Editors: Kedir Woliy, Ph.D. (Content Editor) Girma Moti, MA (Curriculum Editor) Temesgen Daniel, Ph.D. (Language Editor) Illustrator: Simachew Ayenew, MSc Designer: Tesfamichael Getu, Ph.D. Evaluators: Berhanu Tesfaye, MA, MEd GebreHana Zeleke, MSc FDRE Ministry of Education Hawassa University Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website ISBN: 978-99990-0-009-3 Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Table of Contents                                                       ­                      €          ‚  ƒ„      †„       ‡             ˆ                                    ‰             ‰    †„    ‡                      ˆ                         Š           ‚            ‚        ‚           ‚        ‚            ‡            ‚ ‡          ‚ ‡             ‰            ˆ           ‰ „ ­        Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website            ˆ ‹   ŒŽ          ‹             ‘             €         ‡  €         ‡           ‡            ‡ ‰ „ ­ Š       ­         € ’                  ˆ‚  ’            ’                     ‡ “ ”        ‚          ‰ „    ­       ‚ƒ „      •         ƒ   „        ƒ„          €      ­        €            –                     ‚ˆ Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit 1: Sub-fields of Biology            †                                   ‡                    ­   ˆ         €‚ƒ „  ­        ­           €   Š ‹ ’    “”             •Š         ‰   Š †   Which sub-fields of biology do you know?               ‰       Š             ‹Œ   ‰                     Š    Š   Ž                    ‘  Grade 10 Biology 1 Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit One: Sub-fields of Biology Activity 1.1: THINK-PAIR-SHARE ‹                        Œ  ƒ                                                                                  Figure 1.1 Capra walie (Waliya ibex) (in Simien  Mountains of Ethiopia)                                              ­                                   €                          ‚                             ƒ                  Figure1.2 Ruta chalepensis L. (Tena Adam)    „ ­           „             †      ‡    ˆ‰­            „   Š    ‹                                                  ­                      †              „                ­ Œ                    Ž        ‹  Figure 1.3. The microorganisms   „           2 Grade 10 Biology Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit One: Sub-fields of Biology              Activity 1.2 The Microorganisms      †    ‡  ‚   ˆ   ‚     ˆ                                      Do you know how    different branches of        biology are related to  the structure we study? Table1.1 Different fields of biology based on the structure studied                                    ­     ­               ‚ƒ „ƒ €                    What other branches of     biology do you know?                  Grade 10 Biology 3 Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit One: Sub-fields of Biology Table 1.2 Subjects studied in various branches of Biology                                              ­       € ‚     ‚     ƒ   ­       „ ‚       † ‡  †  ˆ  €      Šˆ ˆ ‰  Do you have any idea             about the relationship                 between biology and     other sciences? Table1.3 Knowledge taken from other subjects that help to explain biological phenomenon                      ‹    ‹ Š      ­ƒ€ ‹ Ž    ƒ€ƒŒ €   € Ž  ‹ ‡  ‘   ‡   Ž ’ Ž   ‹ „“          ‹  Š‘               ”   ‹           € 4 Grade 10 Biology Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit One: Sub-fields of Biology Activity 1.3: Group Discussion                ‚   Š                                                       What do we mean by pure and applied fields of biology?                                           Activity 1.4: Categorizing pure and applied fields of biology      ­    €   ‚ƒ„ Table 1.4 Pure and Applied fields of Biology  „  „‚ ‚ „„ ‚   „ † † „  ‰  ‡  ˆ  ‰  ‡     ‚    ‚    ‚‡   „ ‰    Grade 10 Biology 5 Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit One: Sub-fields of Biology Activity 1.5: THINK-PAIR-              SHARE                                ”   ƒ                                               Ž                       ­       €‚ƒ  ­                              „      †     ‡      ˆ             ‰             „  ­                      Š   ‹               Œ Ž‘     ‚ƒ   ­   ‚ƒ             Activity 1.6 Group   discussion  ‰„Š                          ’       ‡  “             ’                6 Grade 10 Biology Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit One: Sub-fields of Biology                                             Figure 1.3 Aristotle                                                                      Figure 1.4 Galen                                   ­€€               ‚          Figure 1.5 Antonie van   Leeuwenhoek    ƒ                            „„        † Figure 1.6 Carl Linnaeus  ‡                 ƒ                         ˆ  ˆ   ‰  Š‹­Œ     Ž    „        ‡          ‘   Figure 1.7 Charles Darwin    ’   Grade 10 Biology 7 Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit One: Sub-fields of Biology                                                   Figure 1.8 Gregor Mendel                                          ­  €    ‚ Figure 1.9. Louis Pasteur    ƒ  „    ‚         †                         Figure 1.10 Robert Koch    ‡‚   ˆ ‰„  Š‚     ­        ‹        ‰Œ    Figure 1.11 Jane Goodall    ­€ ‚ † Š Œ‚­  ­Ž             ­‚    ‹‘   ­’“”•   – Figure 1.12 Barbara McClintock 8 Grade 10 Biology Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit One: Sub-fields of Biology                     ­      € ‚ƒ ‚                ­           Figure 1.13 Watson and Crick    „        †    ‡  ­      ˆ‚        Figure 1.14 Wilmut and Campbell Activity 1.7 Group and individual work ’Ž‚               “     “‡                  ­       ‰             ­               ­         Š          ‹        ‡                Œ  ­        Ž ‘                  ‹  Figure 1.15 The Microscope Grade 10 Biology 9 Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit One: Sub-fields of Biology               †             €                ‡ ­    ˆ            ‚                                                                                                                                                                     ­              ­       ­                      €‚  Activity 1.8 Answer to the question         ƒ  ‰                           Š  ‹      ˆ                   ­ „        ­                       10 Grade 10 Biology Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit One: Sub-fields of Biology                                                                                                                                                                              Activity 1.9: Fill in the space with benefits of the discoveries                            ­€       ‚  ƒ      Table 1.5 Types of discoveries    „       †   ­‡ˆ‡    ‰Š     ­‹‡Œ „  Ž ‘  ­’““ †      ”  ­Œ•Œ –    —˜ ­Œ‹­ ™‰š † š­Œ“€ Ž    ­“››     ­“‡› ˜  ­“‡Œ Š      ”  ­Œ‹›œ’›    ž ž ­­ŒŒˆ   Š  †­Œ‹› Ž š  –—” ­“Œ› Grade 10 Biology 11 Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit One: Sub-fields of Biology   Activity 1.10: Application of Genetics        ‰               ”                                                 ­€‚ƒ„ ž                                 † ƒ    ƒ‚‡   ­  ˆ  ‡   ‰  ­  Š „     ­ „       ‹         † Œ  Ž    ‘     Š ‰’    ‘          “                                                 ”                       Do you know some of the major discoveries of Ethiopian biologists? Mention at least 3 of them and explain their contributions.    •               – —          ˜  ™  š       ›             – ™  Š  ›   ‘  œ         Š     12 Grade 10 Biology Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit One: Sub-fields of Biology                                                       ­    €      Figure 1.16 Prof. Yalemtsehay ‚ ƒ ­­€­„ Mekonnen  €‚  „      † ‡ ˆ‰Š      ‚  ‹ „ €    Œ†   Ž             ­       ­ ‘                        ­          ­   €  ­     ‡         ’ ­ “   ‹ ” Figure 1.17 Dr. Aklilu    Lemma ’ ­   ­  •–—            €    ‹ ˜                                       ™‹  ”   ‚  ’„­  ’ ­     ­   ‹   š         ­’ ­ ­   ‹             ­  ‘           Grade 10 Biology 13 Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit One: Sub-fields of Biology                                                                                                         ­       €‚ƒ    „ †      ‡  ˆƒ ‰   Š      ‹                                                 Œ                        Ž            ‘ ’‹             “‚        ” ‡       Ž‹  •   –  —         ‘ ’‹       ‘ ‘ ˜ ˜–            Š ™                                Figure 1.18 Prof. Gebissa Ejeta ‘ ’‹           –         ‘ ’Š    Ž              “‚‚š ‘ ’ ‹    ” ‘             ›             ‹                             œ   ™         „„„ 14 Grade 10 Biology Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit One: Sub-fields of Biology Activity 1.11 Fill in the column with contributions Œ  Ž‘                      Œ                                        ’                                                ­€‚   ƒ     „  Unit Summary                                                                                                                                                                                 ­    €  ‚    ƒ      €„    ƒ                              †                                       ‡        ­                     ˆ                    ˆ  ‚ ‰       Š‰    ‡ €      ƒ           ‹ „    ‰                           Grade 10 Biology 15 Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit One: Sub-fields of Biology Review Questions                           ­   €   ‚ ƒ      „ ƒ†‡  †   ˆ  ­   „  ‰ Š  „    ‹                                                       ‰      ŒŠ‹‹‰Ž‘’       Š Š  Š  ‰    ‘         “ Š” •„  ­‰   ‰€ •  ‘†­       Š ­    Š  ‰–   ‘€ ‚ Š  Š —    ‰Š   ‘˜     “ Š ƒ­ ƒ†‡ ‰Š   ‘†­  ™  „   “ Š — Š š  ‰  ‘Š ›    “ A. Šœ—   –  ‰ž ‘Š      ˆ Š €   ‰ Ÿ  ‘œ      –    “  ‘          –          “ ‚   ‡ — “ 16 Grade 10 Biology Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit 2: Plants    Š ‹         Š ŒŽ         Š  Ž‹     Š  Ž   Š Œ‚      Š  Ž‘‚          ‚‹   Š Ž‚’     ­ Š ‚ €‚ Š ‹  ƒ„    Š    †‡   ˆ‰  ‘‚ Š ‹  ‚ Š ‘ Ž‚ Œ Š  ’‰ˆ     “ ŽŽ”     ‘ ‚        ­ ”—Ž Š ˜ Š  What are the common characteristics of all living things? ‘   What are the characteristics of plants? „  ‘   ‚  ‘   ‚‘• Ž –‹   ‘   • Grade 10 Biology 17 Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit Two: Plants  ACTIVITY 2.1 THINK– PAIR- SHARE                                                           ˆ           ˆ            ‰Š    ‹  ˆ                                                 ‰                                  ­  € Œ  ŠŽ€‘†                                      ‚ƒ   What do you know about „      flowers and flowering      †‡  plants?       How do plants reproduce      without flowers?         What comes to your mind   when you think about „  plants?               „   18 Grade 10 Biology Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit Two: Plants                           Figure 2.1 Major groups of plants ACTIVITY 2.2 COOPERATIVE LEARNING                   ­ €   ‚  ƒ ­ €  „ƒ         ­    †  ƒ Grade 10 Biology 19 Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit Two: Plants   Think of flowering  plant, which is found    ‚ around your home or school campus. List              major structures and             describe their functions           before you learn about structures of a plant in class.                                                                                           ACTIVITY 2.3 FIELD WORK                               ­             €                ƒ „          ƒ                   ƒ      ­     †  ƒ ‡          Figure 2.2 External structure of a typical angiosperm (flowering plant) 20 Grade 10 Biology Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit Two: Plants                                 How do you relate the         structures of leaf and      roots to their function?                                                                                    ­ € ‚ ­                               ƒ                      ‚ €                             „        €      †                          A B Figure 2.3 External structure of a typical leaf (A) and Types of roots (B) Grade 10 Biology 21 Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit Two: Plants ACTIVITY 2.4 PEER DISCUSSION   ƒ      ˆ               ‰ ‚           ˆ ‰                  Š             ‰ Š            ‰ ‹           Œ    Ž ‰ ‹            ˆ‘ ‰ ’                                                                                                                                    ­ ­   € ‚€                           ­                                                    ƒ                                                          „      ‚€            †€‡ 22 Grade 10 Biology Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit Two: Plants                                                Figure 2.4 Internal structure of a leaf                                                                                        ­          Figure 2.5 Internal structure of a typical dicot stem (A = Ground plan; B = Transverse section) Grade 10 Biology 23 Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit Two: Plants                                                                                                                                              •• •                                         ACTIVITY 2.5 LIBRARY WORK  ­      €‚ƒ „ ‚  „             † ‡ ˆ ‰Š       ˆ         † ‹                     † Œ              €          Œ       Ž  ‘’     “       ” 24 Grade 10 Biology Ethiofetena.com Ethiopian No 1 Educational Website Unit Two: Plants                                                                                                                                                Figure 2.6 Internal structure of a typical dicot root ACTIVITY 2.6: COMPARATIVE TABLE Self Test   †‡                               ˆ      

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