The Big Bang Theory PDF

# The Big Bang Theory Date: // ## The Big Bang Theory - The Big Bang Theory is the leading scientific explanation for the origin of the universe - The universe began 13.8 billion years ago - The universe started from extremely hot and dense state - The forces of attraction between gases lead to the...

# The Big Bang Theory Date: // ## The Big Bang Theory - The Big Bang Theory is the leading scientific explanation for the origin of the universe - The universe began 13.8 billion years ago - The universe started from extremely hot and dense state - The forces of attraction between gases lead to thermonuclear reaction and generate enormous energy. This is why stars form. - As a result of the decomposition of radioactive elements, the shape of the Earth evolved into its current form. ## Key Points Include: 1. **Initial Singularity**: The universe began with a massive explosion causing matter and energy to expend. 2. **Rapid Expansion**: It rapidly expanded and cooled, allowing subatomic particles to form. 3. **Formation of Atoms**: as the universe continued to cool, these particles combined to form simple atoms, primarily H and He. 4. **Formation of Stars and Galaxies**: under the influence of gravity, these atoms began to gather to form stars and galaxies. 5. **Supernovas**: at the end of the life of some large stars they explode, releasing huge amounts of energy and forming heavy elements like Fe, Au, Ag. ## Steps to Form the Solar System 1. **Nebula Collapse**: A nearby supernova caused to collapse of the nebula 2. **Formation of the Sun**: It spun faster, H and He gathered at the centre to form a proto-sun. 3. **Formation of the Planets**: Parts of the sun broke away and the planets formed. - The solar system formed 4.6 billion years ago ## The Earth is Composed of 3 Layers: 1. **Crust**: - **Continental**: Si/Al, low density, high thickness, Granite rock - **Oceanic**: Si/Mg, high density, low thickness, Basalt rock 2. **Mantle**: - **Upper**: Lithosphere (crust + upper basalt crystalline) - **Asthenosphere**: Movement of tectonic plates, semi- fluid, weak - **Lower**: Mesosphere, un crystaline, more density 3. **Core**: - **Outer**: Liquid of iron and nickel, earth's magnetic field - **Inner**: Solid, iron and nickel