General Biology 1 Grade 11/12 Cell Modifications PDF

COPYRIGHT PAGE FOR UNIFIED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS General Biology 1 – Grade 11/12 (STEM) Learning Activity Sheets Quarter 1 – Week 2b: Cell Modifications First Edition, 2021 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Phili...

COPYRIGHT PAGE FOR UNIFIED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS General Biology 1 – Grade 11/12 (STEM) Learning Activity Sheets Quarter 1 – Week 2b: Cell Modifications First Edition, 2021 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for the exploitation of such work for a profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (e.g., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in the activity sheets are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from the respective copyright owners. The authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Development Team of the Learners’ Activity Sheets Writer: Reynilyn L. Lepardo Division Validators: Edna E. Trinidad, EdD Irene F. Havana Lara B. Realista Jeshrel B. Plaza Rey D. Arbolonio Reynilyn L. Leopardo Ivy Grace T. Coronel Regional Validators Relyn D. Raza Jennyvi H. Papellero Rainer P. Sularte Anni Grace Macalalag Tamarah Harel M. Cosigna Management Team: Josita B. Carmen, Schools Division Superintendent Gilbert L. Gayrama PhD, Asst. Schools Division Superintendent Celsa A. Casa, CID Chief Bryan L. Arreo, LR Manager Edna E. Trinidad, Science Education Program Supervisor 1 Author: Reynilyn L. Lepardo School/Station: Tagbina National High School Division: Surigao del Sur Division email address: [email protected]  WEEKLY LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS General Biology 1, Grade 11/12, Quarter 1, Week 2b CELL MODIFICATIONS Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC): ✓ Describe some cell modifications that lead to adaptation to carry out specialized functions (e.g., microvilli, root hair) (STEM_BIO11/12-Ia-c-5). Learning Objectives At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to: 1. define cell modification; 2. describe the three types of cell modification; 3. give examples of apical, basal and lateral cell modifications; and 4. identify the parts of cell junctions in animal tissues. Time Allotment: 2 Hours Key Concepts Cell modification or differentiation is actually a process that occurs after cell division where the newly formed cells are structurally modified so that they can perform their function efficiently and effectively. There are three types of cell modification such as Apical, Basal and Lateral Modification (Figure 1). Apical Modification, found on the apical surface of the cell basement membrane gap junctions, adhering junctions, and tight junctions free surface of epithelial tissue such as cilia, flagella, villi, microvilli, pseudopods and extra cellular matrix. Cilia (singular: cilium) are usually short, hair-like structures that move in waves. Flagella (singular: flagellum) are long whip- like structures formed from microtubules. Villi (singular: villus) are finger-like projections that arise from the epithelial layer in some organs. They help to increase surface area allowing for faster and more efficient Figure 1. Cell Modification adsorption. Source:https://www.slideshare.net/lesson-4-cell- modifications Microvilli (singular: microvillus) are smaller projections that arise from the cell's surface that also increase surface area allowing faster and more efficient absorption. 2 Author: Reynilyn L. Lepardo School/Station: Tagbina National High School Division: Surigao del Sur Division email address: [email protected]  Pseudopods temporary, irregular lobes formed by amoebas and some other eukaryotic cells, a bulge outward to move the cell or engulf prey. Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM) a compound secreted by the cell on its apical surface. Cell wall is the extracellular structure in plant cells that distinguishes them from animal cells. (Figure 2) Figure 2. Examples of Apical Modification Source:https://www.laboratoryInfo.com Basal Modification found on the basal surface of the cell basement membrane gap junctions adhering junctions tight junctions free surface of epithelial tissue. Desmosomes/Hemidesmosomes, anchoring junction on the basal surface of the cell. A rivet-like links between cytoskeleton and links between cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix components such as the basal lamina that underlie epithelia. Primarily composed of keratin, integrins and cadherins. Figure 3. Desmosomes Source: https://www.slideshare.net/lesson-4-cell-modifications 3 Author: Reynilyn L. Lepardo School/Station: Tagbina National High School Division: Surigao del Sur Division email address: [email protected]  Lateral Modification found on the basal surface of the cell. Tight junctions act as barriers that regulate the movement of water and solutes between epithelial layers. Adhering junction, anchoring junction on the lateral surface of the cell. Very similar to the anchoring junction of the basal surface of the cell. Fasten cells to one another basement membrane. Gap junctions also known as communicating junctions, closable channels that connect the cytoplasm of adjoining. Presence of connexion that allow direct exchange of chemicals between the cytoplasm of two cells (Figure 1). Activity 1. Fill me in! Objectives: 1. Define cell modification; 2. Describe the three types of cell modification; and 3. Give examples of apical, basal and lateral cell modifications. What you need: paper and pen What to do: Complete the concept map below about cell modifications. 4. 1. 5. 6. 2. 7. 8. 3. 9. 10. 4 Author: Reynilyn L. Lepardo School/Station: Tagbina National High School Division: Surigao del Sur Division email address: [email protected] Activity 2. Check the label Objective: 1. Identify the parts of cell junctions in animal tissues. Materials needed: paper and pen What to do: Label the parts of cell junctions in animal tissues. 1. 2. 3. Reflection Suppose you compare yourself to a certain type of cell modification. Knowing its function, how would you interact with the people in your community as a citizen? Answer in 3-5 sentences. Rubrics Ideas are expressed scientifically, consistent to the concepts and has no 10 misconception. 8 Ideas are expressed scientifically, consistent to the concepts but with misconception 6 Ideas are expressed scientifically but contain several contradictory concepts. 4 Ideas are poorly expressed scientifically. 2 Ideas are vague and unprecise. 0 No discussion. 5 Author: Reynilyn L. Lepardo School/Station: Tagbina National High School Division: Surigao del Sur Division email address: [email protected] References Reece, JB. & Urry, LA. (2010). Campbell Biology 10th. San Francisco (CA). General Biology 1 Specialized Subject | Academic-Stem, The Commission on Higher Education, Philippine Normal University, 2016. “Slideshare” https://www.slideshare.net/magaoaykevin/lesson-4-cell-modifications Accessed on August 5, 2021 “LaboratoryInfo” https://laboratoryinfo.com/cilia-vs-flagella Accessed on August 19, 2021 Answers Key Activity 1 Activity 2 6 Author: Reynilyn L. Lepardo School/Station: Tagbina National High School Division: Surigao del Sur Division email address: [email protected]