Qatar History and Citizenship - 5th Grade PDF

Qatar History and Citizenship The 5th Grade 5 Edition 1444-2022 Private Schools  Educational Supervision Department Curriculum and Learning Resources Department Educational and Academic E...

Qatar History and Citizenship The 5th Grade 5 Edition 1444-2022 Private Schools  Educational Supervision Department Curriculum and Learning Resources Department Educational and Academic Experiences from Schools Scientific and Educational Review and Audit Team of Educational Experts Curriculum and Learning Resources Department Copyright © - Ministry of Education and Higher Education - State of Qatar  And pray, “My Lord! Increase me in knowledge Taha, Verse (114)  His Highness Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani The Amir of the State of Qatar Qatari National Anthem Swearing by God who raised the sky Swearing by God who spread the light Qatar will always be free, be the spirit of the loyal Travel the high rood, Advance with the guiding light of the prophets In my heart, Qatar is an epic of our forefather’s glory. Qatar is the land of the foremost men who protect us in times of distress Doves of peace, warriors of sacrifice  Contents ‫سرهفلا‬ 1 Lesson 1 The Qatari- British Relations.......................................................................................................... 9 2 Lesson 2 Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani & Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani................ 17 3 Lesson 3 Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani................................................................................ 27 4 Lesson 4 Physical Geography of the State of Qatar................................................................................ 35 5 Lesson 5 Qatari Community Components................................................................................................. 49 6 Lesson 6 Constitution of Qatar......................................................................................................................... 59 7 Lesson 7 Population in the State of Qatar.................................................................................................. 67 8 Lesson 8 Tolerance..................................................................................................................................................... 81 9 Lesson 9 Human Dignity......................................................................................................................................... 89 10 Lesson 10 Volunteer Works..................................................................................................................................... 97 6  ‫سرهفلا‬: Introduction: ‫سرهفلا‬ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful ‫سرهفلا‬ All Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon our master Muhammad and all his family and companions. Then, Preparing the Qatari History and Citizenship book for all private schools is in order to acquaint students with the historical and civilizational achievements of the State of Qatar through the different Historical Eras, and to emphasize the role of grandparents and fathers in making this history through the harmony between the leadership and the people on the one hand, and the role of the leaders of the state and their efforts in building the modern State of Qatar and its renaissance in all fields on the other hand. As well as such book aims to enhance students’ understanding of their current and future roles in preserving the Qatari identity and building on these achievements. Qatari History and Citizenship books included integration between the fields of history and citizenship, so as to enhance a range of values based on affiliation, loyalty, moderation, the rights and duties under active citizenship, and the firming the principles of co-existence up so as to deepen national unity. It has been relying to put topics on the balance between the cognitive, skills and emotional aspects derived from document of Standards for Social Studies in the State of Qatar, and taking into account the chronological order of events away from the unnecessary words and repetition and verbosity, and so as to enhance aspects of critical and creative thinking and problem solving through a variety of exercises and activities to meet the different learning styles for students. The 5th Grade book includes ten lessons are as follows: Lesson 1: The Qatari - British Relations, Lesson 2: Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani & Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani, Lesson 3: Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani (1972 – 1995 AD), Lesson 4: Physical Geography of the State of Qatar, Lesson 5: Qatari Community Compo- nents, Lesson 6: Constitution of Qatar, Lesson 7: Population in the State of Qatar, Lesson 8: Tolerance, Lesson 9: Human Dignity, Lesson10: Volunteer Works. We hope that the students will interact positively with the contents of the book in order to acquire knowledge and skills, build positive intellectual trends, and understand your roles and responsibilities towards your State, Qatar, and the entire world. God grants success 7 ‫الفهرس‬  Lesson ‫سرهفلا سرهفلا‬ 1 The Qatari- British Relations At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to: Explain the role that Al Thani’s family played in unifying Qatar tribes and establishing the State. Concepts I Learn Values I Learn Convention I appreciate the role that Al Thani’s family played in unifying Qatar tribes and establishing the State.  The Qatari- British Relations At the beginning of 19th century Britain has signed agreements with all sheikhs and rulers of gulf region to protect marine navigation security in the Arabian Gulf as well as protect Britain interests in the region, State of Qatar was the last State that signed these agreements. After the Othman forces withdrew from Qatar in 1915. In Concepts I learn order to protect its interests, Britain had authenticated its relations Convention: It is a political or military with Qatar by concluded many Conventions, lets know it: agreement between two or more countries First Convention: 1916 Convention: Parties of the Convention Qatar Britain Represented by Represented by Sheikh Abdullah bin British Resident in Jassim Al Thani the Arabian Gulf. 10  Reasons behind this Convention: For Your Information: 1 - increase maritime piracy on the Qatari coast. Piracy: theft and robbery acts carried out by some sailors at sea. 2 - Britain desire in protect its interests in the area. Convention Results: 1 - Security Proliferation by eliminate maritime piracy in Qatari coasts. 2 - Protect Qatar against any invasion by the sea. Enrichment: self-study − What do you think about importance of that Convention for Qatar?...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... The second Convention 1935 AD: Parties of the Convention Qatar Britain Represented by Represented by Sheikh Abdullah bin British Resident in Jassim Al Thani the Arabian Gulf. 11 Reasons behind signing this Convention: 1- Qatar desire in protect its land borders. 2- Britain seeking for right in explore and excavation for petroleum in Qatar. Convention Results: 1- Britain gave an undertaking for protect Qatar against any attacks through sea, land or air. 2- Give Britain a right to explore oil in Qatar. Enrichment: self-study − Why Britain desired get a right to explore oil in Qatar?...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12  Remember The Qatari - British ‫ا‬Relations ‫سرهفل‬ The First Convention: 1916 AD ‫سرهفلا‬ Parties of the Convention Qatar Britain Results of 1916 Convention: Represented by Represented by 1. Increase maritime piracy on the Sheikh Abdullah bin British Resident in Qatari coast. Jassim Al Thani the Arabian Gulf. 2. Britain desire in protect its interests in the area. Second Convention: 1935 AD Results of 1916 Convention: 3. Security Proliferation by Parties of the Convention eliminate maritime piracy in Qatari coasts. Qatar Britain 4. Protect Qatar against any invasion by the sea. Represented by Represented by Sheikh Abdullah bin British Resident in Jassim Al Thani the Arabian Gulf. Reasons behind signing 1935 Convention: 1. Qatar desire in protect its land borders. 2. Britain seeking for right in explore and excavate for oil in Qatar. Results of 1935 AD Convention: 1. Britain gave an undertaking for protect Qatar against any attacks. 2. Give Britain a right to explore oil in Qatar. 13 Activities and Exercises First: The Activates Activity 1: In collaboration with your teacher and classmate, write a paper on exploration and discovering oil in Qatar.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 14  Secondly: Exercises Question 1: choose the correct answer: 1. The First Convention was signed between Britain and Qatar in 1916 AD, under taking give protection for Qatar against …….....…. A- Land B- Sea C-Air D- Land & Sea 2. The Second Convention between Britain and Qatar was signed in 1935 AD during the reign of Sheikh: A-Mohammed bin Thani. B - Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani. C - Ahmed bin Ali Al Thani.. D- Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani. 3. The first country started exploring oil in Qatar was: A-Britain B- France C- Russia D- Germany Question 2: Put ( ) in front of the correct phrase and ( ) in front of the incorrect phrase: 1. Ottoman forces left Qatar in 1916. ( ) 2. Britain obtained the right to explore for oil during Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani reign ( ) 3. Britain gave an undertaking under the Second Convention signed on 1935 AD to protect Qatar from any sea, land or air attack.. ( ) Question 3: Match Convention in column (A) with its reasons in column (B): A B Convention Reason 1916 Convention Qatar’s desire to protect its borders 1935 Convention Marmite piracy in Qatar coasts Britain’s desire to protect its interests in the region 15 Secondly: Exercises Question4: What are the consequences of: 1. Convention signed in 1916 between Britain & Qatar?.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2. Convention signed in 1935 between Britain & Qatar?.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Question5: Give Reasons for: 1. Britain signing agreements at the beginning of 19th century with all Sheikhs and Rulers of gulf region?.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2. Qatar signing a Convention with Britain in 1916?.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16  Lesson ‫سرهفلا سرهفلا‬ 2 Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani & Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to: Learn about the most important works and achievements of the rulers of the State of Qatar. Concepts I Learn: Values I Learn: Regular School Be keen on acquiring Protection Convention knowledge, as it is the basis for the renaissance of nations.  Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani - Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani Think and Answer Through your previous studies, the great role of the Al Thani family in the unification of the Qatari tribes, the establishment of the State, and the consolidation of the foundations of governance for our State of Qatar, through the rule of Sheikh....................................., Sheikh................................................ and Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani. In our lesson, we will learn about the roles of Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani and Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani in building the State of Qatar. Observe and Conclude: - Observe the timeline of the hierarchy of the Al Thani family, then answer the following questions: 1851 - 1878 AD 1878 - 1913 AD 1913 - 1949 AD 1949 - 1960 AD Sheikh Mohammed bin Thani Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani bin Thani Al Thani 1960 – 1972 AD 1972 - 1995 AD 1995 - 2013 AD 2013- Present Sheikh Ahmed bin Ali Al Thani Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani Al Thani Al Thani 18  Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani: (1949 - 1960 AD) Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani was born in 1896 AD, assumed his duties after his father abdicated the throne in August 1949 AD. Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani grew up pious, and was famous for his humility, love of knowledge, generosity and charitable work. He was also a writer, a poet, and a lover of science and scholars. Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani Achievements of Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani: During the reign of Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani, many achievements were made in the economic, educational and health fields, the most important of which are: 1. Export the first oil shipment from Mesaieed Port in 1949 AD. 2. Establish Rumailah Hospital, that provides free of charge Export the first oil shipment from medical services. Mesaieed Port 3. Establish the first public school in Qatar, and keen to build mosques. Enrichment: Think and Answer - Mention two modern hospitals that were established in the State of Qatar........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... For Your Information Dar Al Kutub Al Qatarya was established during the reign of Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani, Dar Al Kutub Al Qatarya Old Mosque and it is one of the oldest national libraries in the Gulf. 19  Think and Answer - Classify the previous achievements into: Economic Educational Healthy..................................................................................................................... - Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani abdicated his rule to his son Sheikh Ahmad in October 1960 AD; To devote himself to education and worship. - Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani - may Allah have mercy on him - passed away on August 31, 1974 AD, after years filled with building and giving. Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani (1960 - 1972 AD) Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani was born in Doha in 1920 AD, and was raised by his father. He studied religious sciences, literature and history. Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani was close to his father, and then assumed his duties after his father abdicated to the throne him in October 1960 AD. Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani Think and Answer - Mention two sciences that Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani studied..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... -How long was the period of rule of Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani for the State of Qatar...................................................................................................................................................................................... 20 Achievements of Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani: During the reign of Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani, Qatar witnessed significant achievements and events that contributed to the development of the State of Qatar. Among the most prominent of these achievements are the declaration of the independence of the State of Qatar and the abolition of the British protectorate in 1971 AD. Where Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani signed the document terminating the Convention relationship with Britain, and declared the independence of the State of Qatar on September 3, 1971 AD. Remember... The Protection Convention with Britain: These are the treaties that Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani concluded with Britain in 1916 and 1935 AD. Consequences of the Termination of the Protection Convention: 1. Qatar became an independent State on the 3rd of September 1971 AD. 2. Qatar's accession to the Arab League and the United Nations Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani announced the termination of the protection Convention with Britain.and the independence of Qatar 21  Remember Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali bin ‫سرهفلا‬: ‫سرهفلا‬ Abdullah Al Thani Achievements of Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani: ‫سرهفلا‬ 1. Export the first oil shipment from Mesaieed Port. 2. Establish Rumailah Hospital. 3. Establish the first regular school. Achievements of Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani: 1. The declaration of the independence of the State of Qatar and the abolition of the British protectorate in 1971 AD. Consequences of Termination of Protection Convention: 1. Qatar became an independent State on the 3rd of September 1971 AD. 2. Qatar's accession to the Arab League and the United Nations. 22 Activities and Exercises First: The Activaties Activity 1 : Make an identity card for Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani Activity 2 : Collect and Design With the participation of your classmates, design an illustrated magazine for the most important achievements of Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani. 23  Secondly: Exercises Question 1: choose the correct answer: 1. The first oil shipment was exported from Mesaieed Port in 1949, during the reign of Sheikh: A) Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani B) Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani C) Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani D) Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani 2. Declaration of Independence of the State of Qatar was in: A) 1970 AD B) 1971 AD C) 1972 AD D) 1973 AD 3. In which reign the Protection Convention was abolished and the British presence was terminated: A) Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani B) Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani C) Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani D) Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani 4. Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani established …… hospital: A) Al Khor. B) Al Wakra. C) Rumailah. D) Al Rayyan Al Qadeem Question 2: Put a ( ) Mark in Front of the Correct Statement and a ( ) Mark in Front of the Incorrect Statement: 1. The first government school was established during the reign of Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani. ( ) 2. Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani established the Rumailah Hospital, and the treatment was free of charge. ( ) 3. The first oil shipment was exported from Dukhan Port. ( ) 24 Question 3: Write the name of the character indicated by the following phrases: 1. Termination of the Protection Convention with Britain in 1971 AD. (………......................……….) 2. He grew up pious, and was famous for his humility, generosity and love of charitable work, as he was a writer, poet, and a lover of science and scholars. (…………..................................………..) Question 4: What are the consequences of terminating the Qatar - British Protection Convention?............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Question 5: Answer the following: 1. What are the achievements of Sheikh Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani?.............................................................................................................................................................................. 2. Mention the works of Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani............................................................................................................................................................................... 25 ‫الفهرس‬  Lesson ‫سرهفلا سرهفلا‬ 3 Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani (1972 – 1995 AD) At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to: Know the most important works and achievements of the rulers of the state of Qatar. Concepts I Learn: Values I Learn: Shura Council Keen to participate in the renaissance of my country.  Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani (1972 – 1995 AD) Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani was born in 1932 AD, and was educated by a number of scholars and sheikhs, and became Crown Emir and Minister of Finance in 1960 AD, and Prime Minister of the first Council of Ministers in Qatar in 1970 AD. Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani assumed his duties in Qatar in 1972 AD, and announced a comprehensive plan, aims to advance the country and raise the standard of living of citizens. Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani Read and answer: 1 - What positions did Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani occupied before assuming power?...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 - In which year did Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani assume his duties in the State of Qatar?...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani’s achievements: The State of Qatar has witnessed during the reign of Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani many of achievements, in the political, economic, educational and health fields. 28  Among the most notable of these achievements are: 1. Opening of the first Shura Council. 2. Issuance of a decision to establish Qatar University in 1973 AD. Enrichment: Think and answer Shura Council in Qatar - Mention some universities of the Education City............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1. Establishment of Qatar Petroleum Corporation, which carries out all stages of the oil and gas Qatar University production industry in Qatar. 2. Establishment of Hamad General Hospital. Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani was appointed as Crown Emir in 1977 AD. And then he assumed power in 1995 AD in succession to his father, Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, who died in October 2016 AD. Qatar Petroleum Corporation - How long was the duration of the rule of Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani for the state of Qatar.................................................................................................................................................. Hamad General Hospital.. 29  Remember Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani i ‫سرهفلا‬ ‫سرهفلا‬: ‫سرهفلا‬ Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani’s achievements: 1. Opening of the first Shura Council. 2. Issuance of a decision to establish Qatar University 1973 AD. 3. Establishment of Qatar Petroleum Corporation. 4. Establishment of Hamad General Hospital. 30 Activities and Exercises First: The Activities Activity 1: Classify Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani’s achievements in the following table: Political Economic Educational Health................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Activity 2: In cooperation with your classmates, watch and summarize. Watch a movie about Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani’s achievements called (Journey of a leader) then summarize it..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani’s achievements 31 Secondly: Exercises Question 1: Choose the correct answer: 1. It was opened during the reign of Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani: a. Council of Ministers. b. Shura Council. c. League of Arab States d. Municipal Council. 2. The rule of Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani for the state of Qatar lasted for: a. Twenty years. b. Twenty-one years. c. Twenty-two years. d. Twenty-three years. Question 2: Write what the following phrases mean: - A large medical institution, concerned with treating patients in the state of Qatar, was established during the reign of Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani. (..........................................................................................................................) Question 3: Put a ( ) in front of the right phrases, and ( ) in front of the wrong phrases: 1. Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani assumed power in 1972 AD. ( ) 2. Among the achievements of Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani is the establishment of Qatar Petroleum Corporation. ( ) 3. Among the political achievements of Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad is the establishment of Qatar University. ( ) Question 4: Give evidence for the following: 1 - Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani occupied many positions before assuming power....................................................................................................................................... 2 - Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani was interested in science....................................................................................................................................... 32 Question 2: Follow the timeline of the dynasty of rulers of Al-Thani family, then fill the blanks: 1851 - 1878 AD 1878 - 1913 AD 1913 - 1949 AD 1949 - 1960 AD Sheikh Mohammed bin Thani Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim bin Thani Al Thani 1960 – 1972 AD 1972 - 1995 AD 1995 - 2013 AD 2013- Present Sheikh Ahmed bin Ali Al Thani Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani 33  ‫الفهرس‬ ‫‪34‬‬  ‫سرهفلا‬4 Lesson Physical Geography of the State of Qatar At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to: Recognize the locations of some natural and human phenomena in Qatar. Recognize the impact of climate on natural life in Qatar. List the physical features of the State of Qatar, and distinguish between them. Concepts I Learn: Values I Learn: Hills I protect natural plants, for they Duhul are national wealth, and be merciful Rawdat to animals, as we have been com- Dunes manded by our religion. Bays Spurs Islands 35  Nature of Qatar The land on which you live differs in its natural feasures. In this lesson, we will learn about the most important physical features of Qatar. First, the geographical location: See the map of the State of Qatar, then work with your colleague and conclude:.Figure (1): the Geographical location of the State of Qatar Note and Complete 1- The map of Qatar looks like ……………….bordering the Gulf waters ……on three sides: the north, …………and…………….and ………… 2- Qatar is connected to mainland from………at its border with ………….. We conclude from the above that Qatar is a peninsula, surrounded by the waters of the Arabian Gulf on three sides: the north, east, and west, while it is connected to the mainland from the south at its borders with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 36  The physical features (landforms) of Qatar: Qatar peninsula has different landforms of offshore land main land. See the map Now, imagine yourself with us on a flight over the territories of Qatar, what kind of natural phenomena do you expect to see? Qatar is blessed with a verity of landforms and physical features, let's get to know them Figure (2): The terrain Qatar 1- Types of physical features (landforms) : Physical features vary as they can be summarized in the following diagram: Types of physical features (landforms)............................................................................................................................ 1- These are pictures of mainland ? Do you know them? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2- List each physical feature ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 37  Hills: They are areas whose surface is higher than the sea level, such as Tal Dukhan and Tuwair Al Hamir, which is the highest hill in Qatar, and its height is less than 1,000 meters above sea level. Duhul: They refer to underground caves whose upper parts have collapsed so openings are formed on the surface, like a Dahil Al Hamam Rawdat: A land that is lower than the land in its surroundings where rainwater accumulates. Its soil is comprised of fertile clay and suitable for cultivation due to the abundance of its groundwater, such as Rawdat Rashid. Sand dunes: They are a mound of sand formed by the wind, as in the Sealine area. Note and elicit 1- Can you give other examples of the mainland through the previous map in (Fig. 2)? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 38  2- Coastal features For Your Information Qatar has different coastal physical features. see the following Did you know that all the gulfs diagram: are located on the western coast of the State of Qatar, while all the bays are located on its eastern coast? Coastal landforms Islands Spurs Coastal Sabkha Gulfs Gulfs and bays It is the penetration of sea water into the land, such as: Salwa Bay and the Gulf of Zekreet. As for the lagoons, they are similar to bays, but they are less wide and deeper than bays such as (Khor Al -Udaid) and (Khor Al Khor). Spurs Refer to a rocky stretch of land jutting into seawater, like Ras Abrouq. 39  Island : A piece of land surrounded by water on all sides, and it spreads off the coasts of Qatar, like Halul Island. Note and elicit 1- Can you give other examples of coastal landforms from the previous map, Figure 2? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3- The climate of Qatar peninsula For Your Information Sabkha (marsh) : A flat land lower than the sea coast and inundated The desert climate of Qatar is described as with water, where salinity increas- hot in summer and tends to be warm in winter. es due to the evaporation of sea water, such as Sabkhat Mesaieed. Weather Conditions in Qatar: For Your Information Humidity: Humidity is the amount of water 1- Winter vapor in the air In winter, Qatar experiences a drop in temperature, rain fall and fog 2- Summer In summer, Qatar experirnces high temperature and humidity and rain scarcity. 40 4- Wild plants of Qatar: Wild plants are those plants that grow naturally without human intervention and created by Allah, depending on the amount of rain. They are divided into: 1- Annual plants (seasonal): Remith Homeid Faqa’a 2- Perennials : Sidr Awsaj 5- Wildlife: Wildlife in Qatar hosts many wild animals that can tolerate the harsh environment of drought, including: 1. Reptiles such as: snakes and lizards. 2. Herbivores such as oryx and rabbits. 3. Birds such as hawks, curlews, and doves. 4. Insects such as beetles and locusts. Look at the following pictures to recognize some of them: 41  Remember Physical Geography of the State ْ ًَ ‫سرهفلا‬: ‫سرهفلا‬ of Qatar The geographical location of Qatar : Qatar is a peninsula, surrounded by the waters of the Arabian Gulf on three sides: the north, east, and west, while it is connected to the mainland from the south at its borders with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. ‫سرهفلا‬ Mainland's physical features : Hills: They are areas whose surface is higher than the sea level, such as Tal Dukhan and Tuwair Al Hamir, which is the highest hill in Qatar, and its height is less than 1,000 meters above the sea level. Duhul: They refer to underground caves whose upper parts have collapsed so openings are formed on the surface, like a Dahil Al Hamam. Rawdat: A Rawda is a land that is lower than the land in its surroundings where rainwater accumulates. Its soil is comprised of fertile clay and is suitable for cultivation due to the abundance of its groundwater, such as Rawdat Rashid. Sand dunes: They are mounds of sand formed by the wind, as in the Sealine area. 42  Remember ‫سرهفلا‬ ‫سرهفلا‬: Coastal landforms: Gulfs and bays Gulfs refer to the penetration of sea water into the land, such as: Salwa Bay and the Gulf of Zekreet. As for the bays, they are similar to gulfs , but they are less wide and of little depth than gulfs such as (Khor Al -Udaid) and (Khor Al Khor). Spurs ‫سرهفلا‬ Refer to a rocky stretch of land jutting into seawater, like Ras Abrouq. Island : A piece of land surrounded by water from all sides, and it spreads off the coasts of Qatar, like Halul Island. The climate of Qatar peninsula: The desert climate of Qatar is described as hot in summer and tends to be warm in winter. Wild plants: Wild plants are those plants that grow naturally without human intervention and created by Allah, depending on the a mount of rain.They are classified into: - Annual (seasonal) plants: Remith,- Homeid;- faqa’a - Perennials : Sidr,- Awsaj Wildlife: Qatar’s wildlife hosts many wild animals that can tolerate the harsh envi- ronment of drought, for example reptiles, herbivores, birds an insects. 43 Activities and Exercises First: The Activities Activity 1: Design and Create Design and create a photo album for the most important wild plants and animals in your beloved country Qatar, and write under each picture the name of the plant or animal. Activity 2: Note and Record Consider the following group of pictures of landforms, and then write down the name of the phenomenon, and give an example for it. Name of phenomena : Name of phenomena : Name of phenomena :................................................................................................................................................ Examples : Examples : Examples :................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 44 Second: Exercises Question 1: Choose the correct answer: 1- Qatar is connected to land border from the south with: a. Saudi Arabia b. Bahrain. c. Emirates d. Kuwait. 2- Land physical features of Qatar include the following: a. Hills. b. Coastal marshes. c. Islands. d. Spurs. 3- Underground caves whose upper parts have collapsed, formed openings on the surface, are known as: a. Sand dunes b. Duhul. b. Islands d. Coastal Marshes. 4- Which of the following is an annual plant of Qatar: a. Sidr b. Awsaj c. Palm tree d. Faqa’a 5- The climate of Qatar in summer witnesses : a. Drop of temperature b. Scarcity of rain. c. Increase of rain. d.Decrease of humidity. 6- Coastal landforms of Qatar include the following: a. Duhul. b. Hills c. Rawdat d. Spurs 45 7- An example of birds in Qatar is: a. Gecko b. Ghazels. c. Karawan d. locusts. Question 2: Put a tick ( ) in front of the correct statement, and cross ( ) in front of the in correct statement : 1- Qatar looks like a peninsula stretching into the waters of the Arabian Gulf ( ) 2- Sand dunes are located in the northern area of Qatar ( ) 3- Gulf of Zekreet is a form of sea water penetration into the land ( ) 4- Qatar witnesses heavy rain in summer ( ) Question 3: Explain: 1- Rawdat are suitable for cultivation.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Question 4: Write the meaning of the following concepts a. Wild plants.......................................................................................................................................................... b. Hills....................................................................................................................................................................... c. Gulfs...................................................................................................................................................................... 46 Question 5: Compare the weather conditions of Qatar in winter and summer Element Weather conditions in winter Weather conditions in summer Temperature.................................................................................................................................................. Rain.................................................................................................................................................. Question 6: Note and locate On the below blank map of Qatar, mark the following : Write the name of the physical features represented by the following numbers: 1- Sand dunes........................... 2- Island............................... 3- Rawdah................................... 4- Headline.................................. 5- Gulf.............................................. 47 ‫الفهرس‬ ‫الفهرس‬  Lesson ‫سرهفلا سرهفلا‬ 5 Qatari Community Components At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to: Identify Qatari Community components Concepts I Learn: Values I Learn: Community participate in the activities Al-Dazza that held by the foundations that working on preserving customs and traditions of Qatari Community. Qatari Community Components Enrichment: Think and Answer -What make the Qatari Community different from other Communities?.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Qatari Community consists of citizens unified under one For Your Information language, religion and history. Also consists of residents with different cultures linked by a relationship based on mutual respect Community: It is a group and cordiality, they collaborate with each other in order to achieve of individuals linked by interlinkages, they live on a development and renaissance of Community. Communities consists specific area of land with natural, of many components, see the following figure: cultural and civilizational characteristics. Components of Qatari Community Natural Components: land, marine Cultural Components: religion, language, enviroment and oridinary life values, customs and traditions. Human Components: population, economy and Politics The above figure identified the most prominent components of Qatari Community, now we will explain it in details: Natural Components: Includes Qatar geographical location and its natural features, multiple resources and diverse nature of life; Which reflected on the community identity and formation. Figure 1 Qatar Map ‫) خريطة دولة قطر‬1( ‫شكل‬ 50  Enrichment: Watch and Answer − After watching the film, explain how the marine environment affected the formation of Qatari Community................................................................................................................................................................................ Human Components: Includes the people live in Qatar both citizens and residents, and the social relations between them based on respect, acceptance and tolerance, and their various economic activities that have contributed to the progress and development of Qatari Community. Enrichment: Think and Answer − How Qatari women contribute to the development and renaissance of Community?.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Cultural components: The different generations contribute over time to form culture of societies, The formation of Qatari culture is derived from several components; the Islamic religion, the Arabic language, as well as intergeneration customs and traditions and the common values that all members of Community agree upon. Enrichment: Read and Conclude: Qatar's Constitution in section 2 stipulates that the basic components of Community in Article No. 18; “Qatari Community are is based on principles of justice, benevolence, freedom, equality and noble morals.” − By reading Article No. 18 of the Qatar's Constitution answer the following: 1- Explain your role among the community members in supporting the principle of benevolence and good morals...................................................................................................................................................................................... 2- List of Qatari Community principles that the constitution established...................................................................................................................................................................................... 51  − In short sentences: how do you apply those principles are qualities in your school life?.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Qatari Community Customs and Traditions: Enrichment: Read and Answer Hamad is a Qatari student in the fifth grade. He received and welcomeed his father's guests in the guestroom. he served Arabian Coffee for them, but one of guests made a gesture for him by shaking the cup and Hamad did not understand his gesture and asked his grandfather about meaning of this gesture. 1- Identify the value that Hamad applied........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2- What is the meaning behind the gesture of shaking the cup that Hamad could not understand?.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3- What are the most popular hospitality customs in Qatari Community?.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Qatari Community is known by preserving its customs and traditions, which are the heritage of ancestors, and which indicate its connection to its Arab and Islamic identity, among these customs and traditions the following: 52 1. Customs and Traditions in Occasions: For Your Information: Qataris show their adherence to their customs and traditions on many occasions. (Alajra Definition): For example: Is a feast that is distribated to neighbors the second day after weddings: wedding Celebration on wedding occasions is one of the most important cultural legacy that characterize the Qatari personality, and among the most important customs and traditions in weddings are: Al-Dazza: It is the jewelry, trinkets and clothing that the husband presents before marriage. Ramadan and Eids: The preparation for the holy month begins with preparing food that especialy Al-Dazza cooked during Ramadan month, also families meet in the month of Ramadan, people visit each other and family keep good relations with kith and kin. Moreover, one of the most known traditions that characterize Eid celebration is gathering in the family home. Search and Learn − Participate with your classmates in writing a research study regarding (Grace Conservation) project offered by the Eid charity foundation. 2.Customs and Traditions for Cloths: In the past Qatari men and woman were known by a traditional local attire that distinguished them. Let’s learn about cloths for men and woman in our Qatari Community: Thobe Al Nashel Bukhnuq Thobe Ghutra Bisht 53 − Give your opinion regarding the following situations: The student opinion The situation Agree Disagree Exchange visits between parents and relatives on various occasions. Wear a traditional cloths during traveling. Exaggeration when preparing banquets High dowry for marriage Hospitality and good reception. You may be wondering about our role in preserving the good customs and traditions of our Qatari Community: The Qatari Community has a great role in preserving positive customs and traditions, through: 1 Inheriting customs and traditions from old generation to the new generation 2 Participating in the activities of institutions concerned with preserving customs and traditions 3 Promoting positive customs and traditions through various social media channels. Think and Discuss − What about your role in preserving costumes and traditions in our Qatari Community?.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 54  Remember Qatari Community Components ‫سرهفلا‬ ‫سرهفلا‬ Natural Components: Land – Marine Environment – Ordinary Life Cultural Components: Population, Economy and Politics Human Components: Religion, Language, Values, Customs and Traditions 55 Activities and Exercises First: The Activities Activity 1 Collect pictures for Souq Waqif, showing its traditional architectural features: Activity 2 With your teacher's help, play some popular traditional Qatari games. 56  Secondly: Exercises Question 1: Choose the correct answer: 1. Among the natural components for the Qatari Community: A-Religion and people.B-Land C-Economy D- Customs and Traditions 2. Among the cultural components for the Qatari Community: A-Islamic Religion and Arabic language B-Marin environment C- Economic system D- The political system 3. The jewely, trinkets and clothes that the husband present before marriage include : A- Dazza B- Al Bukhnq C- Abaya D- Dra’a Question 2: Write the basic components of the Qatari Community. 1-…………................…………………………2-……..............................………………..…3- …….............................…………………. Question 3: Answer the following: 1.What is the Qatari Community role in preserving customs and traditions? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2-Shed light on the most common Qatari traditions in Ramadan. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3-Explain the natural components for the Qatari Community. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4- Mention the cultural components of the Qatari Community. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5- Mention the human components of the Qatari Community. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 57 ‫الفهرس‬  Lesson ‫سرهفلا سرهفلا‬ 6 Constitution of Qatar At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to: Know the concept of the constitution. Analyze some articles of the Constitution of Qatar. Appreciate the importance of the Constitution of Qatar. Adhere to the laws and regulations in his daily life. Concepts I Learn: Values I Learn: The Constitution. Respect my country's constitution and commit to its aricles Qatari Community Components Each state needs a set of basic rules that determine the form of the state and the system of the governance, organizes the work of the public authorities and determines the basic duties and rights of the individuals and groups hence the idea of making a constitution for each state. Enrichment: Think and Answer -Do you know the meaning of the constitution?.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... First: The Constitution of Qatar: « We, Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani, the Emir of the State of Qatar, Fulfilling our goals to lay down the basis of democratic rule by ratifying The Constitution a permanent constitution that establishes the fundamental foundations of community, and accomplishes the people's participation in decision-making and guarantees their rights and freedoms; Have decreed the following Constitution ». From the speech of Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani upon approving the permanent constitution of the State of Qatar on 06/ 08/ 2004. Constitution: is the document that includes the basic rules that determine the general foundations of a state. The Permanent Constitution of the State of Qatar was issued in 2004 in the reign of Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani after it was presented to the people in a popular vote in 2003 and it became effective after it was published in the official gazette. 60  Forming this constitution went through several phases: a. Forming a committee to draft a permanent constitution for Qatar in 1999AD. b. Holding public referendum on the permanent constitution in 2003 and approving its provisions. c. Issuing the permanent constitution in 2004. The Constitution of Qatar consists of five chapters and (150) articles or clauses as follows: Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 The State and Guiding Public Rights Organization Concluding the Basis of its Principles of and Duties of Powers Provisions Rule the Society 61 Second: Articles of the Constitution of Qatar: Enrichment: Think and Answer The Constitution of Qatar is comprehensive and its articles cover all areas of life in the State of Qatar. The following represnts are some of the basic texts of the constitution. Look at these articles and answer the following questions: Article 1: Qatar is an independent sovereign Arab State. Its religion is Islam and the Shari'a Law shall be the principal source of its legislation. Its political system is democratic. The Arabic Language shall be its official language. The people of Qatar are a part of the Arab nation. List the basic principles included in Article 1 in the Constitution of Qatar. 1 -............................................................................................................................. 2 -............................................................................................................................ 3 -............................................................................................................................ 4 -........................................................................................................................... Article 22: The State shall provide care for the youth and protect them from corruption, exploitation, and the evils of physical, mental and spiritual neglect. The State shall also create circumstances conducive to the development of their abilities in all fields based on a sound education. - Mention the basic principles of preserving the state's individuals as the constitution provided for..................................................................................................................................................................................... - How did the state provide the physical and mental care for the individuals?.................................................................................................................................................................................... - Search for other articles in the constitution that protect the rights of the citizen..................................................................................................................................................................................... 62  Remember The Constitution of Qatar ‫سرهفلا‬ ‫سرهفلا‬ Constitution is the document that includes the basic rules that determine the general foundations of a state. The stages of forming the Constitution: 1- Forming a committee to prepare the permanent constitution in 1999. 2- holding arefevendum vote on the permanent constitution in 2003 and approving its provisions. 3- Issuing the permanent constitution in 2004. The Constitution of Qatar consists of five titles Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 The State and Guiding Public Rights Organization Concluding the Basis of its Principles of and Duties of Powers Provisions Rule the Society 63 Activities and Exercises First: The Activiates Activity 1: Cooperate with your classmates to prepare a board, write on it the most important articles of the Constitution of Qatar and hang it in the classroom. Article number Article provision................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 64  Secondly: Exercises Question 1: Choose the correct answer: 1. The Constitution of Qatar was issued in: A 2002 B. 2003 C. 2004 D. 2005 1. The permanent constitution of the State of Qatar was issued in the reign of Sheikh: a. Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani. B- Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani. c- Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani. D. Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani. Question 2: Answer the following: 1. What is meant by constitution? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2-The Constitution of Qatar consists of five main chapters. list them. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Question 3: Trace the phases of the permanent constitution declaration in the State of Qatar. 1. ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Question 4: List the basic principles included in Article 1 of the Constitution of Qatar. 1. ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 65  ‫الفهرس‬ ‫‪66‬‬  ‫سرهفلا‬7 Lesson Population in the State of Qatar At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to: Know the demographic concepts. Describe the general characteristics of the population in the State of Qatar. Identify the places of population concentration in the State of Qatar and ex plain its causes. Concepts I Learn: Values I Learn: Population growth I am proud of the State of Qatar, Natural increase as it is committed to the principle Demographics of coexistence based on good Age structure treatment and the guarantee of Geographical distribu- the rights of all those who live on tion of population its land. 67  Population in the State of Qatar Look at the previous pictures and then answer: What is the composition of the population of Qatar?................................................................................................................................................................................................................ The population of the State of Qatar has grown rapidly. - Do you know what is meant by population growth? First: Population Growth: It is the change in the population during a certain period of time. 3,000 2,846 2,000 1,699 1,000 744 522 369 0 1986 1997 2004 2010 2020 Figure (1) The evolution of the population of the State of Qatar in thousand people. Source: Planning and Statistics Authority, Population and Social Statistics, December 2020. 68  Enrichment: Think and discuss From the previous graph (Figure. 1), determine the following: The population of the State of Qatar in 1986................................................................................................................................................................................................................. The population of the State of Qatar in 2020................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Calculate the increase in the population of the State of Qatar between 1986 AD and 2020................................................................................................................................................................................................................. The increase is:.................. million people. - The population of the State of Qatar increased from about 369,000 people in 1986 AD, to about 2,846,000 two million eight hundred and forty-six thousand people in 2020. In your opinion, what are the reasons for the increase in population in Qatar?................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Population in Qatar The increase in the population is due to the emergence of oil and gas, and the great economic renaissance that the country is witnessing; Which led to the entry of large numbers of expatriates to work in the country. 69 Factors of population growth in Qatar: Natural increase: 1 Natural increase: Means the difference between the number of births and the number of fatalities. Natural increase = (number of births) - (number of fatalities). Enrichment: Calculate and conclude If you know that the number of births in Qatar in 2015 is (26,622), and the number of deaths is (2.317), calculate the natural increase in the population of the State of Qatar in this year. The natural increase of Qatar’s population in 2015 =................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Abnormal increase: 2 These are the incoming migrations to the State of Qatar. The percentage of expatriates in Qatar has For Your Information increased in recent years due to: Migration: (a) Availability of job opportunities in the country. The movement of individuals from (b) The high standard of living in the State of Qatar. one place to another within the country or from one country to What is the most influential factor in the population another. growth of the State of Qatar?.................................................................................................................................................. For Your Information Census: Factors of population growth in Qatar: Counting all the population of the state to know their numbers at a It is a classification of the population of the State of Qatar specific time, it may be conducted by gender and age. every five or ten years. Population censuses are concerned with studying the population structure of the State of Qatar, including: 70 1- Gender Structure It is the classification of the population according to gender into (male and Population by Age Group, March 2022 female) see Figure (2), and answer. Which is higher in Qatar: the percentage of male or female?................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Figure (2) It is clear to us from figure (2) That: The percentage of male is higher than the percentage of female: the percentage of males reached about 72% of the total population of the State of Qatar in 2022. The percentage of female is about 28% of the total population of the State of Qatar in 2022. The high proportion of male in the State of Qatar is due to the large numbers of ex- expatriates , most of whom are males. 2- The age structure of population: It is the classification of the population according to age groups, which you can identify from the following figure (3): Figure (4) The age structure of the population of Qatar 2022. Figure (3) Source: Planning and Statistics Authority A graph showing the age structure of the population. 71  Enrichment: Calculate Observe and andanswer conclude After If youyou know have thatobserved the number the graph; of births Answerin Qatar theinfollowing:2015 is (26,622), and the What number is the largest of deaths age isgroup (2.317 in the ), calculate population theofnaturalthe Stateincrease of Qatar.in the population of the State of Qatar in this year................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Theisnatural What the percentage increaseofofyour Qatar’ age s population group in thein population? 2015 =................................................................................................................................................................................................................ From Figure (4), we can conclude the following: The youth category represents 74% of the population of Qatar, because most of the expatriates are young people. The percentage of elderly population is 2%. The percentage of children and young people is 14% Third: Geographical distribution of the population It means the population distribution on the land of the State of Qatar. - IfInyou know your that the opinion, number Is the of births population in Qatar evenly in 2015 distributed onisthe (26municipalities ,622), and theof thenumber State ofofQatar? deaths is (2.317), calculate the natural increase in the population Seeofthethe State map of Qatar of areas in this year. of population density in the State of Qatar, then answer the following The natural increase of Qatar’s population in 2015 = questions:................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 72  Figure (5) Graph No. (6) Population distribution in the State of Qatar in 2020 Enrichment: Calculate Observe and andanswer conclude AreIfthe youmost know that themunicipalities populated number o