Future Simple vs. Future Continuous PDF

Grammar: Future Simple & Future Continuous Elfde-Liniestraat 24, 3500 Hasselt, www.pxl.be FUTURE TENSES 1. Future Simple 1. Future Simple FORM: FORM: ”will” + verb + She ……….. help him making dinner. -She ………….. help him making dinner. ? ………. she help him making dinner?...

Grammar: Future Simple & Future Continuous Elfde-Liniestraat 24, 3500 Hasselt, www.pxl.be FUTURE TENSES 1. Future Simple 1. Future Simple FORM: FORM: ”will” + verb + She ……….. help him making dinner. -She ………….. help him making dinner. ? ………. she help him making dinner? 1. Future Simple FORM: FORM: ”will” + verb + She will help him making dinner. (she’ll) -She ………….. help him making dinner. ? ………. she help him making dinner? 1. Future Simple FORM: FORM: ”will” + verb + She will help him making dinner. (she’ll) -She will not help him making dinner. (won’t) ? ………. she help him making dinner? 1. Future Simple FORM: FORM: ”will” + verb + She will help him making dinner. (she’ll) -She will not help him making dinner. (won’t) ? Will she help him making dinner? 1. Future Simple USE: When you’ve just decided to do something, something, we announce our decision with “will” Oh, I left the door open. I’ll go and shut it. What would you like to drink? I’ll have orange juice. 1. Future Simple USE: We often use will with: probably, I’m sure, I think, I don’t think, I wonder I’ll probably be home late tonight. Don’t worry about the exam. I’m sure you’ll pass. I’m hungry. I think I’ll have something to eat. 1. Future Simple USE: Offering to do something That bag looks heavy. I’ll help you with it. 1. Future Simple USE: Agreeing to do something Can you give Tom this book? Sure, I’ll give it to him when I see him this afternoon. 1. Future Simple USE: To express a promise I will call you when I arrive in Bruges. Don’t worry, I’ll be careful. I won’t tell anyone our secret. 1. Future Simple USE: To express willingness / unwillingness I will send you the email when I get an answer. Will you help me move this heavy table? I will not do your homework. 1. Future Simple USE: In questions: formal request Will you (do something) = please do it Will you please turn the music down? It’s too loud. 1. Future Simple USE: We use will to say what we know or believe about the future FUTURE TENSES 2. Going-to future 2. Going-to future FORM + I ….. ………… to meet Jane tonight. - She …. ……….. ……. to meet Jane tonight. ? ………… you ……………. to meet Jane tonight? 2. Going-to future FORM + I am going to meet Jane tonight. - She …. ……….. ……. to meet Jane tonight. ? ………… you ……………. to meet Jane tonight? 2. Going-to future FORM + I am going to meet Jane tonight. - She is not going to meet Jane tonight. ? ………… you ……………. to meet Jane tonight? 2. Going-to future FORM + I am going to meet Jane tonight. - She is not going to meet Jane tonight. ? Are you going to meet Jane tonight? 2. Going-to future USE I’m doing something (tomorrow) = I have already decided and arranged to do it. He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii. I’m going to be an actor when I grow up. They are not going to drive all the way to Alaska. DON’T USE WILL-FUTURE! 2. Going-to future USE For something that is going to happen in the near future. The man isn’t looking where he is going He is going to walk into the wall. Look at the black clouds! It’s going to rain (= we can see the clouds now) I feel terrible. I think I’m going to be sick. (= I feel terrible now)  FUTURE TENSES 3. Future simple vs. Going-to future 3. Future simple vs. going-to future COMPARE I think James is going to the party on Friday. I think James will go to the party on Friday. 3. Future simple vs. going-to future COMPARE I think James is going to the party on Friday. = I think he has already decided to go. I think James will go to the party on Friday. = I think he will decide to go.  FUTURE TENSES 4. Future Continuous 4. Future Continuous FORM + She ….. ………… cooking dinner. - She …. ……….. ……. cooking dinner. ? ………… she ……………. cooking dinner? 4. Future Continuous FORM + She will be cooking dinner. - She …. ……….. ……. cooking dinner. ? ………… she ……………. cooking dinner? 4. Future Continuous FORM + She will be cooking dinner. - She will not be cooking dinner. ? ………… she ……………. cooking dinner? 4. Future Continuous FORM + She will be cooking dinner. - She will not be cooking dinner. ? Will she be cooking dinner? 4. Future Continuous USE = I will be in the middle of doing something in the future This time tomorrow, I (to watch) a movie on Netflix. This time tomorrow, I will be watching* a movie on Netflix. Actions in the future that have been arranged or planned, planned, without a specific time in the future. She (to study) in London. She will be studying in London. 4. Future Continuous FUTURE CONTINUOUS + PRESENT SIMPLE Actions in the future that are being interrupted I (to wait) for you when the bus arrives. I will be waiting for you when the bus arrives. Grammar: Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Elfde-Liniestraat 24, 3500 Hasselt, www.pxl.be  PAST TENSES 1. Past Simple 1. Past Simple + I work__ - I ____ ________ ? ___ I ________? 1. Past Simple + I worked - I ____ ________ ? ___ I ________? 1. Past Simple + I worked - I did not work / I didn’t work ? ___ I ________? 1. Past Simple + I worked - I did not work / I didn’t work ? Did I work?  1. Past Simple REGULAR VERBS FORM: “to play” RULE: infinitive form + -ed (I, you, he, she we, they) I played tennis. (infinitive form + -ed) You played tennis. (infinitive form + -ed) He/she played tennis. (infinitive form + -ed) We played tennis. (infinitive form + -ed) They played tennis. (infinitive form + -ed)  1. Past Simple REGULAR VERBS ENDING IN -E FORM: “to love” RULE: infinitive form + -d (I, you, he, she we, they) I loved her. (infinitive form + -d) You loved her. (infinitive form + -d) He/she loved her. (infinitive form + -d) We loved her. (infinitive form + -d) They loved her. (infinitive form + -d)  1. Past Simple REGULAR VERBS ENDING IN CONSONANT + Y FORM: “to study” RULE: infinitive form -y + -ied (I, you, he, she we, they) I studied French. (infinitive form -y + -ied ) You studied French. (infinitive form -y + -ied ) He/she studied French. (infinitive form -y + -ied ) We studied French. (infinitive form -y + -ied ) They studied French. (infinitive form -y + -ied ) 1. Past Simple REGULAR SHORT VERBS ENDING CONSONANT + VOWEL + CONSONANT FORM: “to stop”, ”to drag” RULE: infinitive form & double the last letter (I, you, he, she we, they) I stopped/dragged. (infinitive & double the last letter) You stopped/dragged. (infinitive & double the last letter) He/she stopped/dragged. (infinitive & double the last letter) We stopped/dragged. (infinitive & double the last letter) They stopped/dragged. (infinitive & double the last letter)  1. Past Simple REGULAR LONGER VERBS ENDING IN CONSONANT + VOWEL + CONSONANT AND IN WHICH THE LAST SYLLABLE IS STRESSED FORM: “to prefer” RULE: infinitive form & double the last letter (I, you, he, she we, they) I preferred. (infinitive & double the last letter ) You preferred. (infinitive & double the last letter) He/she preferred. (infinitive & double the last letter ) We preferred. (infinitive & double the last letter) They preffered. (infinitive & double the last letter) 1. Past Simple IRREGULAR VERBS FORM: see list with irregular verbs You have to study them! Comprehensive list: https://www.englishpage.com/irregularverbs/irregularverbs.ht ml 1. Past Simple USE For actions that are completed in the past: I saw a good movie last night. I didn’t see my parents yesterday. She washed her car in the morning. For a series of actions that are completed in the past: I finished work yesterday, then I walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim. 1. Past Simple USE To talk about something that has started in the past and ended in the past as well: Chiara studied Chinese for five years. We talked on the phone for thirty minutes. They did not stay at the party the entire evening. To talk about habits that stopped in the past. I played the violin when I was a child. They never went to school, they always skipped class.  PAST TENSES 2. Past Continuous 2. Past Continuous + I _______ work__ - I ___ ____work__ ? ___ I work___? 2. Past Continuous + I was working - I ___ ____work__ ? ___ I work___? 2. Past Continuous + I was working - I was not working ? ___ I work___? 2. Past Continuous + I was working - I was not working ? Was I working? 2. Past Continuous USE To indicate that an action in the past was in progress for some time, not just for a moment. We were cleaning the house all morning. Ian was doing his homework yesterday evening. Sabine and Nataly were talking to the teacher. To indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted (Used in combination with the SP) I was watching TV when he called. When the phone rang, she was writing a letter. I was listening to Spotify, so I didn’t hear the fire alarm. 2. Past Continuous USE To indicate that a shorter action at a specific time in the past was interrupted. Last night at 7 PM, I was eating pizza. Yesterday at this time, I was sitting in class. To express that two or more actions were happening at the same time. I was studying while he was making dinner. Were you listening while he was speaking?  PAST TENSES 2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous 2. Past Continuous e.g. I was reading a book when he came in. The sun was shining when we went out. He was sitting in the garden when the phone rang.  To talk about an activity that was in progress (background action), and which was interrupted by another action (this ‘interrupting’ action= simple past) 1.1. Past Continuous 1.1. Past Continuous When the phone rang, I (watch) TV. When the phone rang, I (answer) it. 1.1. Past Continuous While my boyfriend was ironing the shirts, I was watching TV. past continuous for simultaneous actions in the past 1.1. Past Continuous What’s the difference in meaning of these two sentences? (1) When the guests arrived, Margaux was cooking dinner. (2) When the guests arrived, Margaux cooked dinner. 1.1. Past Continuous What’s the difference in meaning of these two sentences? (1) When the guests arrived, Margaux was cooking dinner. (2) When the guests arrived, Margaux cooked dinner. (1) Margaux started cooking dinner before the guests arrived. 1.1. Past Continuous What’s the difference in meaning of these two sentences? (1) When the guests arrived, Margaux was cooking dinner. (2) When the guests arrived, Margaux cooked dinner. (1) Margaux started cooking dinner before the guests arrived. (2) Margaux started cooking dinner after the guests arrived. 1.1. Past Continuous when vs. while “When” is most often followed by the PS “While” is most often followed by the PC (1) I was studying when she called. (2) While I was studying, she called. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (1) Emre was doing his homework first and then he had a rest. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (1) Emre did his homework first and then he had a rest. PS: a series of actions that are completed in the past 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (2) My father was often driving when I was younger. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (2) My father often drove when I was younger. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (2) My father often drove when I was younger. PS: a habit that stopped in the past. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (3) While mum didn’t look, little Katie put her phone in her pocket. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (3) While mum wasn’t looking, little Katie put her phone in her pocket. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (3) While mum wasn’t looking, little Katie put her phone in her pocket. PC: two or more actions were happening at the same time. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (4) Charlotte needed to talk to Yasmine. And at 10 PM she was calling her. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (4) Charlotte needed to talk to Yasmine. And at 10 PM she called her. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (4) Charlotte needed to talk to Yasmine. And at 10 PM she called her. PS: for a series of actions that are completed in the past 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (5) I saw you with Amine in the café. You talked. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (5) I saw you with Amine in the café. You were talking. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (5) I saw you with Amine in the café. You were talking. PC: an action in the past was in progress for some time, not just for a moment. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (6) I was taking her to Antwerp. We had a great time. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (6) I took her to Antwerp. We had a great time. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (6) I took her to Antwerp. We had a great time. PS: actions that are completed in the past 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (7) The weather in Diepenbeek was perfect when the sun was shining. But it was changing soon. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (7) The weather in Diepenbeek was perfect when the sun was shining. But it changed soon. 1.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous Find the grammar mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Explain why you use the PS or PC in that sentence. (7) The weather in Diepenbeek was perfect when the sun was shining. But it changed soon. PC: a longer action in the past was interrupted. Grammar: Present Simple vs. Present Continuous 1 jaar graduaat MCS ste Elfde-Liniestraat 24, 3500 Hasselt, www.pxl.be  1. Grammar: simple present REGULAR VERBS FORM: “to play” RULE: infinitive form (I, you, we, they) infinitive form + s (he, she) I play tennis. (infinitive form) You play tennis. (infinitive form) He/she plays tennis. (infinitive form + s) We play tennis. (infinitive form) They play tennis. (infinitive form)  1. Grammar: simple present REGULAR VERBS ENDING IN –SS, -SH, -CH, -TCH, -O FORM: “to kiss”, ”to wish”, “to march”, “to watch”, ”to go” RULE: infinitive form (I, you, we, they) infinitive form + es (he, she) I kiss/wish/march/watch/go. (infinitive form) You kiss/march/wish/go. (infinitive form) He/she kisses/wishes/marches/watches/goes. (infinitive form + es) We kiss/march/wish/go. (infinitive form) They kiss/march/wish/go. (infinitive form) 1. Grammar: simple present REGULAR VERBS ENDING IN CONSONANT+Y FORM: “to fly” RULE: infinitive form (I, you, we, they) infinitive form -y + ies (he, she) I fly. (infinitive form) You fly. (infinitive form) He/she flies. (infinitive form -y + ies) We fly. (infinitive form) They fly. (infinitive form) 1. Grammar: simple present IRREGULAR VERBS FORM: “to be”, “to have” I am/have. You are/have. He/she is/has. We are/have. They are/have 1. Grammar: simple present MODAL VERBS FORM: “can”, “may”, “might”, “must” RULE: infinitive form (I, you, he/she, we, they) I can/may/might/must You can/may/might/must. He/she can/may/might/must. We can/may/might/must. They can/may/might/must 1. Grammar: simple present QUESTIONS (?) FORM: do(es) + subject + infinitive Do I work? Do you work? Does he work? Does she work? Does it work? Do we work? Do they work? Do you work? 1. Grammar: simple present NEGATIVE (-) FORM: subject + do(es) not / do(es)n’t + infinitive I do not work / I don’t work You do not work / You don’t work He does not work / He doesn’t work She does not work / She doesn’t work It does not work / It doesn’t work We do not work / We don’t work They do not work / They don’t work You do not work / You don’t work 1. Grammar: simple present USE When talking about habits/repeated actions: He drinks tea every morning. I go to school on Mondays. I only watch television at night. I never smoke. When talking about facts: Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius 1. Grammar: simple present USE When asking and giving directions or instructions How do I get to the bathroom? Open the packet and pour the contents into the water. You take bus number 6 to London and then bus number 12 to Oxford Street. When talking about scheduled events: The meeting starts at 10 am. The train leaves at 7:32 pm. 1. Grammar: simple present TIME INDICATORS SP is typically combined with the following time indicators: Always Sometimes Rarely Often Never Regularly 2. Grammar: present continuous FORM: “to play” RULE: to be + present participle (infinitive + -ing) I am playing tennis. (to be + present participle) You are playing tennis. (to be + present participle) He/she is playing tennis. (to be + present participle) We are playing tennis. (to be + present participle) They are playing tennis. (to be + present participle) 2. Grammar: present continuous USE For actions that are taking place right now: Are you using the Internet? I am standing in the bus right now. To describe longer actions that are still in progress in the present: I am studying to become a doctor. Are you currently working on special projects at work? To indicate that something will (not) happen in the near future: I am meeting some friends after work. Isn’t he coming with us tonight? 2. Grammar: present continuous USE To express the idea that something irritating or shocking often happens She is always coming late to class. He is constantly talking. I wish he would shut up. 2. Grammar: present simple vs. present Present Continuous: to express irritating habits with always* continuous Paul is never satisfied. He’s always complaining. You’re always looking at your phone. Don’t you have anything else to do. I’ve lost my keys again. I’m always losing them. 2. Grammar: present continuous EXCEPTIONS!! Stative verbs (verbs expressing a mental state, a state of the senses, a state of possession, …) are never used in a continuous form At the moment I hear music Right now I see a tree. At present I love him very much. 2. Grammar: present continuous STATIVE VERBS Stative verbs are rarely used in the Present Continuous because the continuous aspect suggests an ongoing action. There are exceptions when the meaning of the verb changes or when the speaker wants to emphasise a temporary situation I’m thinking about moving to Spain (= considering) She’s having a great time at the party (= enjoying) He’s seeing a doctor now. (= meeting) They are being silly. (= acting) 2. Grammar: present continuous STATIVE VERBS Both Present Simple and Present Continuous are possible:  You look well today or You’re looking well today.  How do you feel now? or How are you feeling now? 2. Grammar: present continuous TIME INDICATORS PC is typically combined with the following time indicators: Now Right now At the moment At present Currently Still 3. Grammar: present simple vs. present continuous Present Continuous Present Simple For temporary situations (things For permanent situations (things that continue for a short time): that continue for a long time): I’m living with some friends until My parents live in London. They I find a place of my own. have lived there all their lives Exercise A: Translate the sentences 1. Martina belt haar moeder elke dag. Ik word er zot van. 2. De maan draait in ongeveer 27 dagen rond de aarde. 3. Wat doe je zoal in je vrije tijd? 4. Kijk daar eens. Wat zie je? 5. Ik moet nu vertrekken. Het begint al laat te worden. 6. Ze kunnen niet goed met elkaar opschieten. Ze maken altijd ruzie. 7. Ik denk erover na om mijn auto te verkopen. Zou u geïnteresseerd zijn om hem te kopen? Exercise A: Translate the sentences 1. Martina belt haar moeder elke dag. Ik word er zot van. Martina calls her mother every day. It’s driving me crazy. 2. De maan draait in ongeveer 27 dagen rond de aarde. The moon turns around/revolves/goes/orbits the earth in approximately 27 days. 3. Wat doe je zoal in je vrije tijd? What do you do in your spare time? Exercise A: Translate the 4. Kijksentences daar eens. Wat zie je? Look over there. What do you see? 5. Ik moet nu vertrekken. Het begint al laat te worden. I must/have to go now. It’s getting late. 6. Ze kunnen niet goed met elkaar opschieten. Ze maken altijd ruzie. They don’t get on very well. They are always arguing. Exercise A: Translate the sentences 7. Ik denk erover na om mijn auto te verkopen. Zou u geïnteresseerd zijn om hem te kopen? I’m thinking of selling my car. Would you be interested in buying it?