Fungi and Mould PDF

Fungi and Mould Biomedical science Benjamin Tighe Intended Learning Outcomes By the end of this sessions students should be able to: Differentiatea yeast from a mould Identify fungal commensal flora and their location Features of Fungi Fungi are eukaryotic Most important fungus relevant...

Fungi and Mould Biomedical science Benjamin Tighe Intended Learning Outcomes By the end of this sessions students should be able to: Differentiatea yeast from a mould Identify fungal commensal flora and their location Features of Fungi Fungi are eukaryotic Most important fungus relevant to dentistry is Candida. Fungi present in 2 structural forms 1. Yeast 2. Mould Dimorphic (can exist as both) Yeast (complete the table in your Fungi Workbook) Characteristics of Yeasts Form Cell type Habitat Appearance Hyphae Spore Colour Oxygen Health risks Yeast (complete the table in your Fungi Workbook) Characteristics of Yeasts Form Grow as large single cells. Cell type Unicellular Habitat Very common – on fruit, stomach of mammals oral cavity and vaginal areas Appearance White and thready. Usually oval in shape. Hyphae Yeasts do not have true hyphae. Instead, they form multicellular structures called pseudo-hyphae. Spore Yeast is a not a sporing species of fungi. Colour Yeasts are less colourful compared to moulds (colourless). Collectively yellow creamy colour Oxygen Yeast can grow in aerobic as well as in anaerobic conditions. Health risks It can cause infection in individuals with compromised immune systems. Shape of Fungi Yeasts Often seen to have lateral projections – daughter cells Splits of from mother cell to produce next generation – ‘budding’ Some reproduce by binary fission Pseudohyphae (chains of elongated budding cells) Candida forms pseudohyphae in the oral cavity Moulds (complete the table in your Fungi Workbook) Characteristics of Moulds Form Cell type Habitat Appearance Hyphae Spore Colour Oxygen Health risks Moulds (complete the table in your Fungi Workbook) Characteristics of Moulds Form Grow as multiple tubular branches Cell type Multicellular Habitat Typically found in damp, dark or humid areas. Appearance Mould has a fluffy appearance and can be found in several shapes Hyphae Have microscopic filaments called hyphae Spore Mould is a sporing fungus Colour Are very colorful and maybe orange, green, black, brown, pink or purple. Oxygen Grows only in aerobic conditions Health risks Usually allergic reactions and respiratory problems. Moulds Multicellular threads called hyphae Hypha contain cytoplasm and organelles Mycelium is a mass of hyphae that forms mould colony Reproduce through spores asexual or sexual Identify fungal commensal flora and their location Fungal commensal Flora