Skin Anatomy and Physiology PDF

Surface area of the skin is 1.2 to 2.2 square meters Our skin weighs to 4-5kg and contributes to the total weight of our body within7% Epidermis is the primary barrier Dermis is beneath epidermis and this provides structural strength Subcutaneous Superficial fascia is the other term of hypoderm...

Surface area of the skin is 1.2 to 2.2 square meters Our skin weighs to 4-5kg and contributes to the total weight of our body within7% Epidermis is the primary barrier Dermis is beneath epidermis and this provides structural strength Subcutaneous Superficial fascia is the other term of hypodermis - it is not part of the integumentary system but provides protection Protective functions that can be correlated to integumentry system: Shock absorber and functions as heat insulator and fat storage area Hair- Insulation, protection and Glands - oil glands secretes sebum (sabatious) Sudoriferous or sweat glands- Thermoregulation maintain the body temperature For excretion Mammary Gland- For milks Uv radiation will convert or activate the vitamin D to vitamin D3 Vitamin D3 is for calcium production, bone health in general Keratin is a fibrous proteins that provides the epidermis with its protective properties Keratinocytes- is produced in the deepest layer on stratum basale Epidermis will renew unto 25 to 45 days Psoriasis- rapid shedding of epithelial tissue, patients usually has large pantals Melanocytes for pigment melanine- it is a spider shape and are responsible for melanine Langerhans cells- sense a microfudge that is used for immunity. Star shape cell Merkel cells- a like spikey cells shape. Combines in nerve endings and it is a sensory receptors. Strata is the different layers of the skin. Germinativum- continues production. Spinosum- above germinativum Granulosum corneum- the dead skin cells or flattened. We can classify our skin into thick and thin Thick- the other tissues are absent. Callus- thickening of stratum corneum Corn- painful and usually seen in born structures Skin color is produced by melanin. Albinism - absence of melanin. Tanning- process happens when skin is exposed to sunlight through uv radiations Mask of pregnancy- Chloasma. Increase production in estrogen and melanocyte stimulating hormone Addison Disease- Endocrine disorder and there is increase in melanin. Their skins are darken. Cyanosis-lack of blood or inadequate oxygen Carotene- affects the skin color but it is harmless. Jaundice- skin condition due to liver disorder or impairment