FITNESS AND WELLNESS (1).pdf

UNIT 1- FITNESS AND WELLNESS  FITNESS AND WELLNESS A fitness and wellness course will teach you how to live better and how to live your life to its fullest potential and in positive way. Real success is not about living a lot of money and wealth. Having a good living will n...

UNIT 1- FITNESS AND WELLNESS  FITNESS AND WELLNESS A fitness and wellness course will teach you how to live better and how to live your life to its fullest potential and in positive way. Real success is not about living a lot of money and wealth. Having a good living will not help unless one lives a wellness-lifestyle. Your lifestyle is the most important factor that affects one's personal well- being. What is Physical Education? What is Physical Education? Physical Education is an integral part of the general education designed to promote the desired level of fitness through participation in well selected activities. Physical education is a course taught in school that focuses on developing physical fitness and the ability to perform and enjoy day-to-day physical activities with ease. Regular physical education classes prepare students to be physically and mentally active, fit, and healthy as they grow.  Importance of Physical Education Physical Education increases physical fitness. The goal is to incorporate all components (strength, flexibility, agility, cardiovascular endurance) of fitness into lessons. Physical Education (PE) develops students' competence and confidence to take part in a range of physical activities that become a central part of their lives, both in and out of school.  When they are performing, they think about what they are doing, they analyze the situation and make decisions. Discovering what they like to do, what their aptitudes are at school, and how to get involved in physical activity helps them make informed choices about life activity. PE helps students develop personally and socially. HISTORY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION History of Physical Education The brief history of physical education would start in just about 1820 when schools focused on gymnastics, hygiene training and care and development of the human body. By the year 1950, over 400 institutes had introduced majors in physical education. The Young Men's Christian Association launched its very first chapter in 1851 and focused on physical activities. Colleges were encouraged to focus on intramural sports particularly track, field and football.  Physical Education in College College athletics received a major stimulus when a National Collegiate Athletic Association was created in the early twentieth centuries. There was a rise in popularity of sports within colleges and universities and funding greatly increased. Decline in Physical Education But this is not meant to imply that the history of physical education has been all rosy. Late in the twentieth century there was certainly a decline in the commitment to physical education.  The Modern age But recent awareness of the need for balanced curriculums particularly given the national concern over the state of obesity and children's attention towards non- physical activities like video games has brought physical education back in the spotlight. The government has re- signaled its commitment to physical education by making it mandatory in public schools in early classes. But it remains an elective at the high school level.  Aims and Objectives of Physical Education Physical Development Physical development Physical development is the process that starts in human infancy and continues into late adolescent concentrating on gross and fine motor skills as well as puberty. Physical development involves developing control over the body, particularly muscles and physical coordination. It also refers to the advancements and refinements of motor skills, or, in other words, children's abilities to use and control their bodies.  Mental Development Mental development is also known as cognitive development. It is basically the construction of mind activity such as thought processes, memory, problem solving and decision making as well as overall intelligence. Social Development Social development refers to the process by which a child learns to interact with others around them. As they develop and perceive their own individuality within their community, they also gain skills to communicate with other people and process their actions.  Emotional Development Emotional development refers to the ability to recognize, express, and mana different stages of life and to have empathy for the feelings of others. The develo emotions, which include both positive and negative emotions, is largely affected with parents, siblings, and peers.  Development of Health The process of constant, progressive enhancement of the health status of a population. Better health is central to human happiness and well-being. It also makes an important. contribution to economic progress, as healthy populations live longer, are more productive, and save more.  Neuro-Muscular Coordination Neuromuscular coordination also known as "motor control" or "muscle memory" is the ability of the nervous system to efficiently recruit a muscle or a group of muscles in order to perform a specific task unconsciously. Through a series of interactions between neurological messages, a complex system is formed, connecting different aspects of muscle actions (static, Dynamic, reactive), muscle contractions, coordination, joint stability, body alignment and balance.  CONCEPTS ON PHYSICAL FITNESS AND WELLNESS  Concepts on Physical Fitness & Wellness Concepts on Physical Fitness & Wellness is designed to deliver a comprehensive text and digital program that continues to be at the cutting edge of physical activity and health promotion, empowering students to make positive steps towards developing a lifelong commitment to being active.  What is health? Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (world health organization)Health is the optimal well-being that contributes to one's quality of life. It is more than freedom from disease and illness, though freedom from disease is important to good health.  What is wellness? Wellness is the integration of many different components (social, emotional, mental, spiritual and physical) that expands one's potential to live (quality life) and work effectively and to make a significant contribution to society. (Charles Corbin et al Concepts of physical fitness) Wellness is satisfying your needs regarding mental and emotional stability, social consciousness and adaptability, spiritual and moral fiber, and physical health consistent with your heredity. (William Prentice get fit stay fit)  FACTORS IN ACHieVING FITNESS AND WELLNESS  Factors in Achieving Fitness and Wellness Today, with an astounding number of reports about increasing obesity rates, diseases and conditions related to being overweight and out-of-shape, it is impossible to ignore the importance of fitness and well-being in our lives. Health professionals attribute cancer, diabetes and mental issues such as depression to deficiencies in fitness and well-being. The seven key physical components to overall good health, fitness and mental well-being are:  Cardiovascular/Aerobic Conditioning Cardiovascular system literally means "cardio" or heart and "vascular or a system or network of blood vessels. Aerobic exercise is any type of cardiovascular conditioning. Aerobic conditioning is a process whereby the heart and lungs are trained to pump blood more efficiently, allowing more oxygen to be delivered to muscles and organs.  Strength Training and Muscular Development Strength training is a musculoskeletal exercise type that progressively increases the resistance muscles can overcome. Over time, this enlarges and strengthens the muscle themselves. Strength training improves your health in several ways. More muscle mass increases your metabolism, helping you burn more calories. This makes it easier to control your weight. Stronger muscles reduce the risk of injury during daily activities or other exercise.  Stretching-Muscles, Ligaments and Tendons Stretching is a form of physical exercise in which a specific muscle or tendon (or muscle group) is deliberately flexed or stretched in order to improve the muscle's felt elasticity and achieve comfortable muscle tone. The result is a feeling of increased muscle control, flexibility, and range of motion.  Core Stability Core stability refers to the ability to keep your spine from moving during physical activity, such as walking, running, swimming, etc. Your core helps you control your body effectively, helping you use your arms and legs to the best advantage and preventing your spine from bending or flexing unintentionally.  Nutrition and Supplementation Nutritional supplements are any dietary supplement that is intended to provide nutrients that may otherwise not be consumed in sufficient quantities; for example, vitamins, minerals, proteins, amino acids or other nutritional substances. Products are usually ingested in capsule, tablet or liquid form.  Mental Rest and relaxation Relaxation differs from rest, in that relaxation is our mind's way of rejuvenating, and can assist in reducing the arousal we experience from stress and/or anxiety. This means that while rest occurs while we are asleep, relaxation occurs while we are awake, and involves us engaging in activities that we enjoy.  Sleep A condition of body and mind such as that which typically recurs for several hours every night, in which the nervous system is relatively inactive, the eyes closed, the postural muscles relaxed, and consciousness practically suspended. Some people experience sleep disorder "insomnia", the inability to get to sleep or sleep well at night, can be caused by stress, jet lag, a health condition, the medications you take, or even the amount of coffee you drink.  Fitness and Wellness Assessment A series of tests that helps your trainer determine your physical fitness level and aids in developing your personalized program. The results can identify your strengths and weaknesses in relation to your physical fitness and help in setting attainable fitness goals. Thank you for listening!