Female Reproductive System Study Guide PDF

Female Reproductive System Study Guide Define and Understand the Following Parts of the Female Reproductive System Uterus: Muscular, hollow, pear-shaped organ suspended in the pelvic cavity. Function: Houses and nourishes the embryo from implantation until birth. Vulva: External genitalia, i...

Female Reproductive System Study Guide Define and Understand the Following Parts of the Female Reproductive System Uterus: Muscular, hollow, pear-shaped organ suspended in the pelvic cavity. Function: Houses and nourishes the embryo from implantation until birth. Vulva: External genitalia, including the labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and vaginal orifice. Function: Protects the internal reproductive organs. Bartholin Glands: Located near the vaginal opening, secrete mucus for lubrication during sexual intercourse. Graafian Follicle: A fluid-filled sac in the ovary housing the developing ovum. Function: Releases the ovum during ovulation. Fallopian Tube: Tubes connecting the ovaries to the uterus, serving as the site of fertilization and ovum transport. Cervix: The lower portion of the uterus that opens into the vagina. Function: Allows the passage of menstrual flow and serves as the birth canal during labor. Vagina: A muscular tube extending from the cervix to the body’s exterior. Function: Organ of sexual intercourse, passageway for menstruation and childbirth. Cervix Uteri: Neck of the uterus connecting the uterus to the vagina. Corpus Luteum: Hormone-secreting structure formed after ovulation from the ruptured Graafian follicle. Function: Secretes progesterone to maintain pregnancy. Perineum: Area between the vaginal opening and anus.  Define and Understand the Following Stages of Pregnancy/Labor Placental Stage: Final stage of labor where the placenta and fetal membranes are expelled. Gestation: The pregnancy period from fertilization until birth, typically lasting 40 weeks. Menstrual Cycle: Monthly reproductive cycle consisting of: Menstrual Phase: Shedding of the uterine lining Follicular Phase: Egg development in the ovary Ovulation: Release of the mature egg Luteal Phase: Uterine lining preparation for implantation Define and Understand the Following SuIixes/Prefixes -cyesis: Pregnancy (e.g., pseudocyesis - false pregnancy) -para: To bear oTspring (e.g., multipara - having borne more than one child) -tocia: Labor or childbirth (e.g., dystocia - diTicult labor -arche: Beginning (e.g., menarche - first menstrual period) Primi-: First (e.g., primigravida - first pregnancy) -gravida: Pregnant woman (e.g., multigravida - pregnant more than once) Define and Understand the Following Combining Forms Colp/o: Vagina (e.g., colposcopy - visual examination of the vagina) Hyster/o: Uterus (e.g., hysterectomy - removal of the uterus) Mast/o: Breast (e.g., mastectomy - removal of the breast) Oophor/o: Ovary (e.g., oophorectomy - removal of the ovary) Metr/o: Uterus or womb (e.g., metrorrhagia - abnormal uterine bleeding) Galact/o: Milk (e.g., galactorrhea - abnormal milk secretion) Gynec/o: Woman, female (e.g., gynecology - study of female health) Metri/o: Uterus (e.g., endometritis - inflammation of the uterine lining) Define and Understand the Following Issues/Diseases Ectopic Pregnancy: Implantation of the fertilized egg outside the uterus, often in a fallopian tube, causing life- threatening complications. Endometriosis: Growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, causing pain and possible infertility. Colpodynia: Pain in the vagina. Dysmenorrhea: Painful menstruation due to uterine contractions. Salpingocele: Herniation of a fallopian tube. Menopause: Permanent cessation of menstruation due to decreased ovarian hormone production. Dyspareunia: Pain during sexual intercourse. Menorrhagia: Excessive menstrual bleeding. Atresia: Absence or closure of a body opening. Pyosalpinx: Pus accumulation in a fallopian tube due to infection. Chlamydia: A bacterial sexually transmitted infection causing inflammation of reproductive organs. Gonorrhea: A bacterial sexually transmitted infection causing inflammation and discharge. Fibroids: Benign tumors of the uterus causing heavy periods and pelvic pain. Down Syndrome: Genetic disorder caused by an extra chromosome 21. Oligomenorrhea: Infrequent or irregular menstrual periods. Define and Understand the Following Terms Associated with Pregnancy Multipara: A woman who has delivered multiple live babies. Multigravida: A woman pregnant more than once. Gravida: A pregnant woman. Primigravida: A woman pregnant for the first time. Dystocia: DiTicult labor due to abnormal positioning or other complications. Eclampsia: Severe pregnancy-induced hypertension causing seizures. Choriocarcinoma: Malignant tumor of the placenta. Define and Understand the Following Procedures Pap Smear: Cervical cancer screening. Tubal Ligation: Permanent sterilization by blocking the fallopian tubes. Subtotal Hysterectomy: Removal of the uterus, leaving the cervix intact. Laparoscopy: Visual examination of the abdominal cavity using an endoscope. Cerclage: Stitching the cervix closed to prevent premature labor. Cordocentesis: Fetal blood sampling from the umbilical cord. C-section: Surgical delivery of a baby through an abdominal incision. Hysterectomy: Removal of the uterus (partial or total). Colpocleisis: Surgical closure of the vagina. Cryocautery: Freezing tissue to destroy abnormal cells. Dilation and Curettage (D&C): Scraping of the uterine lining. Lumpectomy: Removal of a breast tumor. Define and Understand the Purpose of the Following Instrument Aids Colposcope: Instrument used to examine the cervix and vagina under magnification. Define and Understand the Following Drugs Spermicides: Chemicals that kill sperm to prevent pregnancy. Prostaglandins: Hormones inducing labor or controlling bleeding after childbirth. Oxytocin: Hormone stimulating uterine contractions. Antifungals: Medications treating fungal infections like yeast infections. Estrogens: Hormones managing menopause symptoms Define and Understand the Following Abbreviations TRAM: Transverse Rectus Abdominis Muscle (breast reconstruction). D&C: Dilation and Curettage. Pap: Papanicolaou test (cervical screening). US: Ultrasound.  Female Reproductive System Study Guide Define and Understand the Following Parts of the Female Reproductive System a. Uterus b. Vulva c. Bartholin glands d. Graafian follicle e. Fallopian tube f. Cervix g. Vagina h. Cervix uteri i. Corpus luteum j. Perineum Define and Understand the Following Stages of Pregnancy/Labor a. Placental stage b. Gestation c. Menstrual cycle Define and Understand the Following SuIixes/Prefixes a. -cyesis b. -para c. -tocia d. -arche e. Primi- f. -gravida Define and Understand the Following Combining Forms a. Colp/o b. Hyster/o c. Mast/o d. Oophor/o e. Metr/o f. Galact/o g. Gynec/o h. Metri/o Define and Understand the Following Issues/Diseases a. Ectopic pregnancy b. Endometriosis c. Colpodynia d. Dysmenorrhea e. Salpingocele f. Menopause g. Dyspareunia h. Menorrhagia i. Atresia j. Pyosalpinx k. Chlamydia l. Gonorrhea m. Fibroids n. Down Syndrome o. Oligomenorrhea Define and Understand the Following Terms Associated with Pregnancy a. Multipara b. Multigravida c. Gravida d. Primigravida e. Dystocia f. Eclampsia g. Choriocarcinoma Define and Understand the Following Procedures a. Pap smear b. Tubal ligation c. Subtotal hysterectomy d. Laparoscopy e. Cerclage f. Cordocentesis g. C-section h. Hysterectomy i. Colpocleisis j. Cryocautery k. Dilation and curettage l. Lumpectomy Define and Understand the Purpose of the Following Instrument Aids a. Colposcope Define and Understand the Following Drugs a. Spermicides b. Prostaglandins c. Oxytocin d. Antifungals e. Estrogens Define and Understand the Following Abbreviations a. TRAM b. D&C c. Pap d. US