General Knowledge Handout - Class 5, 2024-2025 - Amity International School

AMITY INTERNATIONAL SHOOL, PUSHP VIHAR CLASS V (2024-25), TERM 1 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE HANDOUT-I Let's expand our understanding of the world around us with some intriguing and fascinating facts to satisfy our curious minds....

AMITY INTERNATIONAL SHOOL, PUSHP VIHAR CLASS V (2024-25), TERM 1 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE HANDOUT-I Let's expand our understanding of the world around us with some intriguing and fascinating facts to satisfy our curious minds. LITERARY & CULTURE ▪ Indira Nooyi is a successful businesswoman On 26th January 2002, the Indian flag who was born on October 28, 1955, in Chennai, code was modified and after several India. She grew up in a middle-class family and years of independence, the citizens of was raised with strong values and a good India were finally allowed to hoist the education. Indian flag over their homes, offices and ▪ Indira earned a degree in Physics, Chemistry, factories on any day and not just and Mathematics from Madras Christian National days as was the case earlier. College and then earned an MBA from the However, there are some rules and Indian Institute of Management in Calcutta. regulations upon how to fly the flag, ▪ She started her career in India and later moved based on the 26 January 2002 legislation. to the United States, where she joined PepsiCo The flag cannot be used for communal in 1994. She rose through the ranks and gains, drapery, or clothes. As far as became the company's CEO in 2006, making possible, it should be flown from sunrise her one of the few women to lead a Fortune to sunset, irrespective of the weather. 500 company. The flag cannot be intentionally allowed ▪ Under her leadership, PepsiCo grew and to touch the ground or the floor or trail became a more sustainable company. Indira in water. was known for her strategic thinking, her ability No other flag or bunting can be placed to connect with people, and her commitment higher than the flag on or above the flag. to making a positive impact on society. ▪ Indira has received many awards and honors for her achievements, including being named one of the most powerful women in the world by Forbes magazine. She stepped down as CEO of PepsiCo in 2018 but remains a respected voice in the business world.  ABOUT THE WORLD CUP The first World Cup was held in 1930 in Uruguay. Only 13 teams participated, and Uruguay won the tournament. The trophy awarded to the World Cup winners is called the FIFA World Cup Trophy. It is made of 18-carat gold and weighs about 6.1 kilograms (13.5 pounds). Brazil has won the World Cup the most times, with five victories (1958, 1962, 1970, 1994, and 2002). The most recent champion (as of the 2022 World Cup) is Argentina. The World Cup is hosted by different countries every four years. For example, Russia hosted the 2018 World Cup, and Qatar hosted the 2022 World Cup. FUN FACTS ON ANIMALS AND BIRDS o Elephants are the only mammals that can't jump. o A giraffe's tongue is about 18-20 inches long and can be black or dark blue. o Kangaroos use their tails for balance when hopping and can't move backwards. o Dolphins sleep with one eye open to stay alert for predators. o Cheetahs can accelerate from 0 to 60 miles per hour in just a few seconds. o Hummingbirds are the only birds that can fly backwards and upside down. o Owls have the ability to rotate their heads 270 degrees. o Penguins "fly" underwater at speeds of up to 15 miles per hour. o Flamingos get their pink color from their diet of shrimp and algae. o Woodpeckers have a shock-absorbing skull to protect their brain while pecking at wood.  HUMAN BODY ▪ The heart circulates blood through your body around 1,000 times each day. ▪ Humans are unique in having chins; no other animals have them. ▪ The kidneys receive the highest blood flow in the body, functioning as our natural filtration system. ▪ The strongest muscle in our body is the jaw muscle, known as the masseter. In contrast, the weakest muscle is the stapedius, found in the middle ear. ▪ The cornea of the eye is the only part of the body without a blood supply, as it gets oxygen directly from the air. ▪ The tongue is one of the strongest muscles in the human body. ▪ Bones are approximately five times stronger than steel. SPACE EXPLORER There is no atmosphere in space, so sound has no medium to travel through. It's completely silent! Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system, with surface temperatures hot enough to melt lead—around 900°F (475°C). Olympus Mons on Mars is the tallest volcano in the solar system. It's about 13.6 miles (22 kilometers) high, nearly three times the height of Mount Everest! In space, astronauts float because there is very little gravity, creating a sensation of weightlessness. A day on Venus (one full rotation) is longer than a year on Venus (one full orbit around the Sun). It takes about 243 Earth days to rotate once and 225 Earth days to orbit the Sun. It is believed that it rains diamonds on Jupiter and Saturn. The high pressure inside these planets can crystallize carbon into diamonds. The Moon has many craters caused by impacts from meteoroids, asteroids, and comets. Earth's atmosphere acts as a protective shield against meteoroids, most of which burn up before they can hit the surface.  AMAZING FACTS ON OUR NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES ✓ A landlocked country in South Asia, Nepal is known for its high peaks and deepcanyons. ✓ One of the top facts about the Nepal flag is that it is neither square or rectangular, unlike other countries. The landlocked nation has the most unique flag because of two triangles, one with the moon and the other with the sun. ✓ The word “Bhutan” translates to “Land of the Thunder Dragon.” It earned the nickname because of the fierce storms that often roll in from the Himalayas. ✓ Thimpu is one of just two capital cities in Asia that does not have a single traffic light. ✓ Bangladesh attained its independence in 1971. This was after a nine-month war with Pakistan. ✓ The National anthem of Bangladesh is “My Golden Bengal,” and was written in 1905 by Rabindranath Tagore. Its modern instrumental rendition was rearranged by Samar Das.