Scope of Endodontics PDF

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qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfgh jklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvb nmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwer tyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopas dfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzx cvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq Scope of Endodontics wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuio BMC pasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghj 8/28/2023 klzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbn Dr/Mohamed Samir mqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwerty uiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdf ghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxc vbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrty uiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdf ghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxc vbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqw ertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiop  Scope of Endodontics Endodontics is the branch of dentistry concerned with the morphology, physiology, and pathology of the human dental pulp and periapical tissues. Its study and practice encompass the basic clinical sciences including biology of the normal pulp; the etiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases and injuries of the pulp; and associated periapical conditions. The term endodontics emerges from the Greek word “en”, meaning in or within, and “odous”, meaning tooth: the process of working within the tooth. Indications for endodontic therapy Endodontic therapy provides the dentist and the patient the opportunity to save the pulp and periapically involved teeth. Any tooth from central incisor to third molar is a potential candidate for treatment. Modern dentistry incorporates endodontics as an integral part of restorative and prosthetic treatment. Even severely broken-down teeth and potential and actual abutment teeth can be candidates for endodontic treatment. Endodontic therapy is generally indicated in: 1- Teeth suffering pulp or apical pathology: a. Pulp pathology: irreversible pulpitis, and necrosis of the pulp. b. Pulp calcification, internal resorption and external resorption. c. Apical pathology: - Acute and chronic apical lesions. - Asymptomatic and symptomatic apical periodontitis. 2 2- Intentional endodontic treatment can be performed in teeth with healthy pulp in cases of: a. The need for post and core construction to rebuild the missing coronal part of the tooth. b. Overerupted or mesially drifted teeth when crown reduction may cause pulp exposure. c. Teeth retained in the mouth to retain overdentures. d. Esthetic requirements. e. Crown fracture with pulp exposures and traumatic pulp exposure during dental procedures and traumatic injuries. Contraindications for endodontic therapy: Although it is true that root canal treatment can be performed on virtually any tooth in the mouth, there are some important considerations that must be evaluated prior to recommending root-canal treatment including: 1. Is the tooth of strategic importance? 2. Is the tooth restorable or is it badly damaged and cannot be restored? 3. Is the tooth so severely involved periodontically that it would be lost so soon for this reason? Therefore, absolute contraindications for endodontic treatment could be summarized as follow: 1) Non strategic teeth, those having no opponent, and would not serve one day as an abutment for prosthesis. 3  2) Non restorable teeth which can’t properly function after endodontic treatment. 3) Teeth with extensive internal or external root resorptions. 4) In teeth having insufficient periodontal support with severe mobility. 5) Single root teeth with vertical root fracture passing through the root canal. The scope of Endodontics: The scope of endodontic treatment options and clinically related topics can be presented as follow: 1) Differential diagnosis and treatment of oral pain of pulpal and/or periapical origin, or referred pain. 2) Vital pulp therapy (pulp capping, pulpotomy, treatment of immature teeth: apexogenesis and apexification. 3) Non-surgical treatment of root canal systems with or without periapical pathosis of pulpal origin, including obturation of these systems. 4) Selective surgical removal of periapical pathosis resulting from extension of pulpal pathosis including tooth structures: apical curettage, root-end resection, hemisection, bicuspidization, root resection, and root end filling. 5) Intentional replantation and replantation of avulsed teeth and management of other traumatic tooth injuries. 6) Interrelationship between pulpal and periodontal disease. 7) Endodontic endoesseous implants. 8) Bleaching of discolored dentin and enamel. 4  9) Retreatment of previously treated root canal systems, both non-surgical and surgical. Phases of endodontic treatment: a) Diagnostic phase: aims to determine the disease condition and set a treatment plan. b) Preparatory phase: aims at gaining access to the pulp chamber and cleaning and shaping the canal. c) Obturation phase: aims at three dimensional filling of the root canals. 5