Experiment 4 Proteins (Part 2) PDF

BIOCHEMISTRY LABI UNIT 1 I EXPERIMENT 4 I PROTEINS BSN 1- C I UNIVERSITY OF SAN AGUSTIN I A.Y. 2024 - 2025 I 1ST SEMESTER ISABILLE NICOLE V. ROBLES MAIN TOPIC SUB TOPIC I SUB TOPIC II SUB TOPIC III SUB TOPIC IV IMPORTANT NOTED...

BIOCHEMISTRY LABI UNIT 1 I EXPERIMENT 4 I PROTEINS BSN 1- C I UNIVERSITY OF SAN AGUSTIN I A.Y. 2024 - 2025 I 1ST SEMESTER ISABILLE NICOLE V. ROBLES MAIN TOPIC SUB TOPIC I SUB TOPIC II SUB TOPIC III SUB TOPIC IV IMPORTANT NOTED PROTEINS ( PART 2 ) - PRECIPITATION, DENATURATION, AND COAGULATOIN DENATURATION LABORATORY RESULTS Is the unfolding of the complex secondary, tertiary, and PRECIPITATION REACTIONS quaternary structure of proteins. A.I. influence of concentrated mineral and organic acids and Unfolding of native proteins into randomly coiled alkalies biologically inactive form Reversible process DENATURATION AND COAGULATION unfolded molecule will return to its native form when conditions become favorable Process in called renaturation, refolding or annealing Renders the protein insoluble at isoelectric point, causing it to precipitate Process is called flocculation FLOCCULATION Is the simple clumping together of dispersed chains of denatured protein When heated further, the clumped chains become matted together in a mass which is insoluble Process is called coagulation DENATURING AGENTS A.2. Precipitation by metallic salts. DENATURATION PROCESSES Disrupts H^- bonding Heat Mechanical disruption Drastic pH changes ROBLES BSN 1-C 1ST YEAR  BIOCHEMISTRY LABI UNIT 1 I EXPERIMENT 4 I PROTEINS BSN 1- C I UNIVERSITY OF SAN AGUSTIN I A.Y. 2024 - 2025 I 1ST SEMESTER ISABILLE NICOLE V. ROBLES MAIN TOPIC SUB TOPIC I SUB TOPIC II SUB TOPIC III SUB TOPIC IV IMPORTANT NOTED PROTEINS ( PART 2 ) - PRECIPITATION, DENATURATION, AND COAGULATOIN A.3. Precipitation by Alkaloidal Reagents DENATURATION & COAGULATION OF EGG ALBUMIN - SOLUBILITY TEST A.4. Precipitation by Alcohol DENATURATION & COAGULATION OF EGG ALBUMIN - COLOR REACTION TEST SALTING OUT Can be used to separate proteins based on their solubility in the presence of a high concentration of salt. High concentrations of salt like ammonium sulfate compete with proteins to bind to the water molecules. This removes the water molecules from the protein and decreases its solubility resulting in precipitation. CHEMICAL CONNECTIONS Metallic salts are used as antiseptic and germicides by precipitating bacterial proteins. The use of silver nitrate for cauterization of wounds and ulcers depends upon its property of precipitating tissue proteins. In metallic poisoning, antidotes like egg white and milk are given, which form insoluble precipitate which can be removed subsequently by means of a stomach tube. Pure alcohol ( 95% ) has less germicidal property because it DENATURING / COAGULATION OF EGG ALBUMIN readily coagulates proteins and the coagulum forms a protective coating on the surface of the bacteria, preventing further penetration of alcohol. Hence, 70% alcohol has a greater germicidal effect. When allowed to stand in alcohol, proteins undergo irreversible change and is coagulated. This taken advantage of in fixing of tissues for histological examination. HYPOPROTEINEMIA A decrease in the quantity of proteins in the blood. Causes are: Excessive loss of serum proteins as with chronic renal disease. Inadequate protein intake as with starvation or malnutrition. Impaired protein production ( as in liver disease ). ROBLES BSN 1-C 1ST YEAR  BIOCHEMISTRY LABI UNIT 1 I EXPERIMENT 4 I PROTEINS BSN 1- C I UNIVERSITY OF SAN AGUSTIN I A.Y. 2024 - 2025 I 1ST SEMESTER ISABILLE NICOLE V. ROBLES MAIN TOPIC SUB TOPIC I SUB TOPIC II SUB TOPIC III SUB TOPIC IV IMPORTANT NOTED PROTEINS ( PART 2 ) - PRECIPITATION, DENATURATION, AND COAGULATOIN PROTEINURIA The presence of protein in the urine. This may indicate the presence of damage to or disease on the kidneys ALBUMINURIA The presence of serum albumin, serum globulin or other serum proteins in the urine. This may be associated with kidney or heart disease, and may occur after strenuous exercise or after a long period of standing. ROBLES BSN 1-C 1ST YEAR