Exam 2 Prototype Drugs PDF

Drug Unit: Cardiology I Drug Class LOOP DIURETIC MOA: ★ Acts in the thick segment of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. ★ Blocks NA and CA reabsorption. ★ Prevents passive reabsorption of H2O ★ When rapid or massive mobilization of fluid is required Drug...

Drug Unit: Cardiology I Drug Class LOOP DIURETIC MOA: ★ Acts in the thick segment of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. ★ Blocks NA and CA reabsorption. ★ Prevents passive reabsorption of H2O ★ When rapid or massive mobilization of fluid is required Drug Indication Adverse Effects Drug Interactions Patient Education F/U & Monitoring Clinical Pearls: Patients should be Baseline Data: Weight, Most frequently prescribed FUROSEMIDE 1. Pulmonary Edema Hyponatremia Hypochloremia Loss of potassium is taught to monitor vital signs, electrolytes loop diuretic. (associated with CFH) of particular concern (Lasix) Dehydration for patients taking their blood pressure Useful with renal impairment. It can produce excessive and instructed to Use with caution in 2. Edema of hepatic, DIGOXIN notify the prescriber patients with Can promote diuresis even loss of sodium, chloride, cardiac, and renal In the presence of low if it drops cardiovascular disease, with low GFR and water. potassium, the risk for Onset: 60 min origin Signs of evolving substantially. Also, renal impairment, serious digoxin-induced The risk for dehydration and dehydration: patients should be diabetes mellitus, or a Duration: 8 hours toxicity (ventricular informed about history of gout and in its sequelae can be minimized 3. HTN that cannot be Dry mouth dysrhythmias) is greatly by initiating therapy with low Unusual thirst increased. Because loop symptoms of postural patients who are controlled with other hypotension diuretics promote potassium pregnant or taking doses, adjusting the dosage Oliguria carefully, and monitoring Availabiility: diuretics (dizziness, loss, use of these drugs in digoxin, lithium, ototoxic Excessive weight loss weight loss every day. combination with digoxin lightheadedness) and drugs, NSAIDs, or 20mg tab Hypotension can increase the advised to sit or lie antihypertensive drugs. It can cause a substantial dysrhythmia risk. This K+ loss can be minimized by 40mg tab down if these occur. drop in BP by 2 interaction is unfortunate in consuming K+ rich foods Patients should be 80mg tab mechanisms: that most patients who take taught that postural (dried fruits, nuts, spinach, 1. Loss of volume digoxin for heart failure potatoes, bananas), K+ hypotension can be must also take a diuretic. To 2. Relaxation of venous supplements, or using a minimized by rising reduce the risk for toxicity, Doses/day smooth muscle (reduces K=sparing diuretic. potassium levels should beslowly. venous return to heart) 1-2 monitored routinely and, HYPOKALEMIA when indicated, potassium Use with caution in Ototoxicity is unique to only K+ lost through distal supplements or a patients with loop diuretics. nephron. potassium-sparing diuretic cardiovascular Serum K