EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE Lifespan Development.pdf

EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE The following are topics and terms you should know from each lecture. 50 multiple choice (2pts each); 3 extra credit (2 points each) GENERAL TIPS:  Send an email or come to office hours– there’s n...

EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE The following are topics and terms you should know from each lecture. 50 multiple choice (2pts each); 3 extra credit (2 points each) GENERAL TIPS:  Send an email or come to office hours– there’s no such thing as an unworthy question!  Remember that your lowest exam grade will be dropped   Take a deep breath. You know stuff  The Lifespan Perspective (Section 1)  Be able to define/know: o Difference between biological, cognitive, and socioemotional development o Chronological vs biological age o Nature vs nurture debate  Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development o Know first stage is trust vs. mistrust; second is autonomy vs. shame and doubt  Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory of development (review the image of the model!) o The different systems (microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, etc…)  As the benefits of evolutionary selection decrease with age, the need for culture increases. Beginnings (Section 2)  Be able to define/know: o DNA (double helix containing genetic info) o Fertilization is (egg and sperm combining) o Phenotype (how genotype is expressed in observed and measurable characteristics) o Susceptibility and longevity genes o The epigenetic view o Teratogen (and be able to provide example) o Proximodistal and cephalocaudal patterns of development o Post-partum depression o IVF (in-vitro fertilization) o Three stages of prenatal development (germinal, embryonic, fetal)  Difference between fraternal (two eggs fertilized by two different sperms) and identical twins (single egg that was fertilized by a single sperm)  Difference between passive genotype-environment correlation, evocative genotype- environment correlation, and active (niche-picking) genotype-environment correlation) o Be able to read an example and know which of the 3 it is  Know what happens during the third stage of the birth process  APGAR test is given moments after birth to assess baby wellness  Four lobes of the brain (frontal, partial, occipital, temporal) and their functions   Understand and recognize examples of normative age-graded influences (e.g., menopause), normative history-graded influences (e.g., Great depression), and non-normative life events (e.g., death of a parent as a child) Infancy (Section 3)  Be able to define/know: o Reflexes and what each one is (Moro, rooting, sucking, grasping) o Difference between gross vs fine motor skills o Pincer vs palmer grasp o Implicit vs explicit memory o Infantile amnesia o Receptive vs spoken vocabulary  Piaget’s cognitive processes o Assimilation & accommodation o Schema o Object permanence  The visual cliff experiment was used to measure depth perception  Describe Chess and Thomas’s 3 temperament styles (easy, difficult, slow to warm up)  Recognize Strange Situation attachment styles (especially secure and insecure avoidant)