Hum 2 - Ethics Lesson 1 Introduction PDF

Hum 2 – ETHICS 1 Lesson 1 – INTRODUCTION A. Definition of Philosophy There are two ways to define Philosophy. 1. Etymological Definition Pythagoras, a Greek philosopher first coined the t...

Hum 2 – ETHICS 1 Lesson 1 – INTRODUCTION A. Definition of Philosophy There are two ways to define Philosophy. 1. Etymological Definition Pythagoras, a Greek philosopher first coined the term Philosophy. It came from the two Greek words; philos which means love and sophia which means wisdom. That is why its literal meaning is ‘love of wisdom’. 2. Essential definition Philosophy is classically defined as the search for meaning. The ‘search’ means to look for something more, to probe, to go beyond. For many, philosophy is being described as ‘science of all sciences’; as ‘mother of all sciences’, or the ‘search for the ultimate meaning of reality’. Philosophy in its broadest sense is the human’s attempt to think speculatively, reflectively and systematically about the universe and their relationship to that universe. The most significant task of philosophy is to evaluate the totality of the human experience. It does not create or invent new facts but instead, takes an in- depth and comprehensive view about the given ideas, facts or events. In other words, philosophy is an examination of life upon which one will formulate a fundamental principle as a standard for a more organize ideas where human life and experience is based upon. Additionally, philosophy is a study that seeks to understand the mysteries of existence and reality. It aims to find out the basic value and importance of life. In short, philosophy is the examination of life. B. Importance of Philosophy 1. It develops a cultured, well-defined and well-rounded individual 2. It allows students to develop their abilityto comprehend, systematize learning and enhance their critical thinking ability 3. It allow students to develop their own philosophy in life 4. It provides students with fundamental views in coping with the changing Hum 2 – ETHICS 2 demands and ethical problems 5. It allows to develop holistic view of life 6. It helps to come up with right decision, better understanding of fellow humans and that of one’s self C. Major Disciplines in Philosophy 1. Logic. The study of right and sound reasoning. 2. Epistemology. The study of validity of knowledge. 3. Metaphysics. It explains the fundamental concept of being. 4. Aesthetics. It is the philosophical study of beauty. 5. Cosmology. It deals with the study of real thing the universe. 6. Theodicy. The study of God and His nature. 7. Social Philosophy. The study of human and their relation to society. 8. Ethics. The science of the morality of human acts. D. Imperatives of Ethics 1. Human Freedom. Freedom is an inherent human power to act or not to act that makes them responsible for their actions. In the absence of human freedom, Ethics will be irrelevant. 2. Existence of God. The salient factor that makes sense in the study of ethics is the presence of God. Without God’s existence that postulates human’s belief, humans find no reason to do good and avoid evil. 3. Immortality of the Soul. Life after earth, where the soul believed to perpetuate, good deeds are rewarded and evil doers are punished, is the reason to lead a better life. Immortality of the soul is the cornerstone in ethics. References: Agdalpen, Renato T. and Francisco Joether. (2019). Ethics Ako at ang Kagandahang Asal Bilang Isang Filipino. Mindshapers Co.Inc. Manila Buenaflor, Lionel E. (2018). Unraveling the Absolute Moral Principle: Ethics for Filipino Students. Book Atbp. Publishing Corp. Mandaluyong City Leano Jr., Roman D. and Gubia-on, Arthur B. (2018). Ethics for College Students. Mindshapers Co.Inc. Manila