Ethics - Exam 3 Notes PDF

Ethics - Exam 3 Notes Culture and Diversity Vulnerable populations and marginalized people ○ Ppl who face discrimination based on race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, cultural and language barriers ○ Ppl with disabilities, s...

Ethics - Exam 3 Notes Culture and Diversity Vulnerable populations and marginalized people ○ Ppl who face discrimination based on race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, cultural and language barriers ○ Ppl with disabilities, substance abuse and mental health disorders ○ Ppl experiencing houselessness ○ Immigrants and refugees ○ Minorities ○ Women and children ○ Elderly ○ LQBTQIA+ Madeleine Leininger’s Transcultural Care ○ Meeting the diverse needs of patients in a globally interconnected world by providing care that takes into account their cultural values, beliefs and practices providing a holistic approach to care ○ Culturally congruent practice - nursing care that is in agreement with the preferred values, beliefs, worldview and practices of the health care consumer Healthcare discrimination - discrimination which can result in adverse health outcomes due to reluctance to seek help, feelings guilt, shame and social stigma Equitable care - delivery of high-quality healthcare to all ppl regardless of their personal characteristics or circumstances Cultural competence - emphasizes the need for health systems and providers to be aware of and responsive to patient’s perspectives and backgrounds ○ Competence in a culture can not be achieved unless you were a practicing part of the culture ○ Combining knowledge and skills with awareness, curiosity, and sensitivity Cultural humility - Practice cultural humility by learning, being self-aware of personal bias’, self-reflection, and awareness of others ○ The lifelong process of being inquisitive and open to others ○ Keys to cultural humility Be open and inquisitive Be self-aware Be aware of others Be egoless Self-reflect Embrace lifelong learning Cultural assessment - asking the pt. Questions about their culture to be able to provide holistic patient centered care ○ Factors to cultural assessment Communication Physical distance / space Social organization  Time orientation Environmental control Biologic variations Social Determinates of Health (SDOH) ○ How the environment around a person affects their health and wellness Economic stability Education access and quality Healthcare access and quality Neighborhood and built environment Social and community context Ethics and Morals Code of ethics - guides how to carry out nursing responsibilities while providing quality care and meeting your ethical obligations ○ Nursing Provisions ○ 1 - compassion and respect ○ 2 - commitment to pt. ○ 3 - advocacy ○ 4 - Accountability ○ 5 - Self-care ○ 6 - Safe environment ○ 7 - Advances the profession ○ 8 - Collaboration  ○ 9 - Integrity and social justic Nursing Standards - Scope and practice that describe the art and science of nursing and the details associated with specialty nursing practice American Nurse Association ○ Fosters high standards of nursing practice ○ Promoting a safe and ethical work environment ○ Bolstering the health and wellness of nurses ○ Advocating on health care issues that affect nurses and the public Definitions ○ Ethics - a branch of philosophy that deals with values of human conduct related to the rightness and wrongness of actions and the goodness and badness of the motives and the ends of such actions Moral principles that govern a person’s behavior or the conduct of their activity Rules of conduct or societal norms with respect to a group or culture ○ Morals - a personal standard of behavior or beliefs concerning what is and is not acceptable for them to do Habits or behaviors with respect to what an individual believes is right or wrong ○ Utilitarianism - theory that bases decision on the great good for the greatest number ○ Deontology - Theory that says decisions should be based on whether an action is morally right with no regard for the result or consequence ○ Morality - wide view or social consensus about normal conduct of human being or principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior 7 Principles of ethics in nursing ○ Autonomy - right to self-determination and independence ○ Beneficence - an act of charity, mercy, and kindness. Actions to promote good To act in the best interest of individuals or the public to promote their well-being ○ Justice - treating everyone fairly and equally ○ Accountability - accepting responsibility for one’s own actions ○ Fidelity - Keeping one’s promises ○ Veracity - being truthful ○ Nonmaleficence - obligation to do no harm Ethical dilemma - a difficult decision where there is no clear right or wrong answer and each option has potential ethical consequences ○ Resolution involves careful consideration of the potential outcomes, weighing the ethical principles at stake and often necessitates making difficult tradeoffs Ethical decision making - gathering info, clarifying values, identifying options, identifying legal considerations and practical restraints, building consensus for the decision reached and reviewing and analyzing the decision to determine what was learned