ESC 120 Earth Science Exam #5 Review Guide PDF

ESC 120 Earth Science Lecture Exam #5 - Chapters 14 and 15 Review Guide Chapter 14: Ocean Water and Ocean Life 1. What is salinity? 2. What is the average salinity of seawater? 3. What are the sources of ocean sal...

ESC 120 Earth Science Lecture Exam #5 - Chapters 14 and 15 Review Guide Chapter 14: Ocean Water and Ocean Life 1. What is salinity? 2. What is the average salinity of seawater? 3. What are the sources of ocean salinity? 4. Describe how surface salinity varies with latitude. 5. Describe how surface water temperature varies with latitude and with depth. 6. What is the thermocline? Describe its importance. 7. What is density? Describe how it varies with latitude and depth. 8. Describe the three categories of marine organisms. 9. What are the three factors that influence the distribution of marine organisms? 10. What are the two factors that influence a region’s photosynthetic productivity? 11. Describe productivity in polar oceans, tropical oceans, and midlatitude oceans. Chapter 15: The Dynamic Ocean 1. Describe the relationship between ocean surface circulation and prevailing winds. 2. What are the major ocean gyres? 3. Describe the role of the Coriolis effect in the movement of surface waters. 4. What is unique about the West Wind Drift? 5. Be familiar with effects of warm and cold currents. 6. What is origin of upwelling? Why is it important? 7. What is thermohaline circulation? 8. Describe how deep ocean and surface circulations combine to create global water movement. 9. Be familiar with the shoreline features created by wave erosion, including wave-cut platforms, cliffs, terraces, and sea arches and stacks, and those resulting from sediment deposition, including spits, bars, tombolos, and barrier islands. 10. Know the parts of a wave. 11. At what depth does a wave feel bottom? At what depth does a wave break? 12. What are tides? What causes them? 13. What are the relative positions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun during a spring tide? During a neap tide? 14. What Moon phases are associated with spring and neap tides? 15. Be familiar with the three categories of tidal patterns.