Ergonomics in Dentistry PDF 24/09/2021

24/09/2021 Ergonomics in Dentistry 1 Intended Learning Outcomes By the end of the session the student will be able to: ▪ Define ergonomics in dentistry ▪ Explain the main goals of ergonomic design goals ▪ Discuss risk factors for Musculo-skeletal disorders...

24/09/2021 Ergonomics in Dentistry 1 Intended Learning Outcomes By the end of the session the student will be able to: ▪ Define ergonomics in dentistry ▪ Explain the main goals of ergonomic design goals ▪ Discuss risk factors for Musculo-skeletal disorders ▪ Discuss the key baseline principles of ergonomics in dentistry (including the use of the dental mirror) ▪ Demonstrate these principles through clinical positioning 2 2 1  24/09/2021 What Do We Mean by Ergonomics in Dentistry? ▪ ‘Ergonomics’ is the science of making workspaces meeting the needs of the workers (rather than vice versa). ▪ In dentistry, this means making sure that dental practices support & promote the healthy movement and good posture of ALL its staff. ▪ Aiming to eliminate the musculoskeletal pain that sees many dental careers end Image from GFYCats Google Feb before their time, and will enable you to 2021 provide the best possible experience for staff and patients alike. 3 3 Main Goals of Ergonomics Reduce over exertion injury Minimize fatigue Removing unnecessary tasks, steps & effort Offer more opportunities for job satisfaction, comfort & fulfilment 4 4 2  24/09/2021 Consequences of Poor Ergonomics Loss of earnings Pain & money Acute / Chronic spending Impacting Poor Impact on mood treatment outcomes Ergonomics and well-being Accidents and Shorter career injury 5 Why should we care? 70% of Dental Students reported lower back pain by 3rd year Present in up to 81% of dental personnel Impacts income & Common reason for early retirement performance 6 6 3  24/09/2021 Risk factors for Musculo-skeletal Disorders Poorly Vibrations designed from tools room Pre-disposing Static MSD’s positioning Excessive Repetitive force movements Minute grasping 7 7 Image from optionsHR webpage Google Feb 2021 8 8 4  24/09/2021 Ergonomics in Ergonomics in Dentistry Dentistry Equipment / Work Instruments Station Hand instruments Power-driven Lighting Magnification Operator&patient Weight etc chair position Posture Patient Clinician 9 9 Work Station 10 10 5  24/09/2021 Surgery Design Image from Hague Dental Google Feb 2021 Image from Eclipse Dental 11 Google Feb 2021 11 12 12 6  24/09/2021 Lighting 13 13 Image from Google Feb 2021 Image from Google Feb 2021 14 14 7  24/09/2021 Dental Overhead Lights ▪ Should be even in distribution ▪ Shadow free ▪ Accessible ▪ Moveable ▪ Allow for side angulation ▪ Intensity adjusted for materials manipulation Image from Belmont Google Feb 15 2021 15 It has to move!! Stretch your arm Image from Pocket Dentistry Feb 16 2021 16 8  24/09/2021 Operator & Patient Chair 17 17 Operator Chair Image from Google Feb 2021 ▪ Mobile ▪ Glide Saddle Seat Seat with back ▪ Stable ▪ Lumbar support ▪ Adjustable ▪ Adjustable for different body sizes Saddle seat with Flat seat with back back ▪ Patient access 18 18 9  24/09/2021 Patient Chair Patient comfort Patient Access Stable Adjustable headrest Support for head – torso- feet 19 19 Break 20 10  24/09/2021 Operator Position 21 21 Operator position ▪ What does neutral mean? ▪ All joints and limbs are in a neutral position, not extending pressure or requiring effort 1. Feet 2. Knees 3. Buttocks 4. Elbow 5. Shoulder 22 22 11  24/09/2021 Images from UCLH Feb 2021 23 23 Feet Image from UCLH Feb 2021 Image from UCLH Feb 2021 24 24 12  24/09/2021 Image from UCLH Feb 2021 Image from UCLH Feb 2021 25 25 Finding the patient height Images from UCLH Feb 2021 26 26 13  24/09/2021 Knees 27 27 Images from UCLH Feb 2021 Buttocks 28 28 14  24/09/2021 Correct Buttocks 29 29 Back Images from UCLH Feb 2021 30 30 15  24/09/2021 Images from UCLH Feb 2021 31 31 Arms / Elbows 32 32 16  24/09/2021 Images from UCLH Feb 2021 Shoulders 33 33 34 34 17  24/09/2021 Hands 35 35 So what is going on here? 36 36 18  24/09/2021 37 37 Patient Positioning 38 38 19  24/09/2021 Patient’s head should be even with the upper edge of headrest Maxilla – angle head rest back – chin up Mandible – head rest forward and down - chin down 39 39 40 40 20  24/09/2021 The Dental Mirror Friend or Foe? 41 41 The Dental Mirror ▪ Mirror is your best friend ▪ Multifunctional ▪ Not an option but mandatory ▪ Needs care ▪ Comes in varying sizes ▪ Magnification 42 Image from Aliexpress Webpage Feb 2021 42 21  24/09/2021 Uses of the Dental Mirror Indirect vision Retraction Indirect illumination Transillumination 43 43 Mirror Fun – you will need join the dots print outs 44 44 22  24/09/2021 Clock Positions Left Handed Right Handed 45 Image from Dentalcare Webpage Feb 2021 Image from Dentalcare Webpage Feb 2021 45 Sense Check ▪ Are you nervous? ▪ Are you able to think? ▪ Can you reach the patient? ▪ Are you neutral? ▪ Are you moving yourself out of neutral? ▪ Are you a squirrel? ▪ Chair & patient head position 46 46 23  24/09/2021 Clock Position 1 -11 3 -4 3 1-2 47 47 Patient’s head – MOVES! 48 48 24  24/09/2021 Left Handed Clinician 49 49 Posterior Sextants (Head away) ▪ Neutral ▪ Look at hands ▪ Patients head away ▪ Chin up & chin Down 50 50 25  24/09/2021 Posterior Sextants (Head towards you) ▪ Neutral ▪ Look at hands ▪ Patients towards you ▪ Chin up & chin Down ▪ Indirect vision for sure 51 51 Anterior ▪ Head moves slightly ▪ This is about power & efficiency ▪ Think about turning a door knob ▪ Easier anticlockwise 52 52 26  24/09/2021 Anterior ▪ Head moves slightly ▪ This is about power & efficiency ▪ Think about turning a door knob ▪ Easier anti-clockwise 53 53 Right Handed Clinician 54 54 27  24/09/2021 Posterior Sextants (Head away) ▪ Neutral ▪ Look at hands ▪ Patients head away ▪ Chin up & chin Down 55 55 Posterior Sextants (Head towards you) ▪ Neutral ▪ Look at hands ▪ Patients towards you ▪ Chin up & chin Down ▪ Indirect vision for sure 56 56 28  24/09/2021 Anterior ▪ Head moves slightly ▪ This is about power & efficiency ▪ Think about turning a door knob ▪ Easier clockwise 57 57 Anterior ▪ Head moves slightly ▪ This is about power & efficiency ▪ Think about turning a door knob ▪ Easier clockwise 58 58 29  24/09/2021 ▪ https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-31772-0_2 59 59 30