Environmental Science and Engineering Lecture 1 PDF

Environmental Science and Engineering Ahmed Abdelhakam Lecture #1 Introduction A. Abdelhakam School of Civil Engineering Recommended Books 1. Introduction to Environmental Engineering, L.Davis 2. Water Supply Engineering, S.KGar...

Environmental Science and Engineering Ahmed Abdelhakam Lecture #1 Introduction A. Abdelhakam School of Civil Engineering Recommended Books 1. Introduction to Environmental Engineering, L.Davis 2. Water Supply Engineering, S.KGarg 3. Environmental Pollution & Control, P.Aarne 4. Environmental Management, Dr.Biswaryo A. Abdelhakam School of Civil Engineering What is the Environment…? Living & Non-Living Components surrounding us is known as Environment. Environment is consists of Air, Water & Land. Environment is a sum of social, economical, Biological, Physical & Chemical factors which constitutes surrounding of the man, who is both creator & modular of his environment A. Abdelhakam School of Civil Engineering What is difference between Environmental Engineering & Environmental Science? ❑ Environmental Engineering can be defined as The application of Engineering Principles under limits to the protection & enhancement of the quality of the Environment and the protect and enhance the public health & welfare”. ❑ Environmental Science can be defined as “ Study of various Environmental issues (such as issues of water pollution, Air pollution & Land pollution), it does not include applications of Engineering principles to protect quality of the Environment. A. Abdelhakam School of Civil Engineering Duties of Environmental Engineer Environmental Engineer deals with the structures, equipment, systems that are designed to protect & enhance the quality of the Environment and to protect & enhance the public health & welfare. For example Environmental Engineer Plan, Design, Construct, Operate and Maintain the Water Treatment Plants to supply pure water to the Public. Environmental Engineer also conduct an EIA of various Engineering Projects & give mitigation options. A. Abdelhakam School of Civil Engineering Branches of Environmental Engineering Environmental Chemistry & Micro-biology. Drinking water Treatment, Distribution & Monitoring. Sewage & Industrial wastewater treatment, disposal and water pollution control. Strom water drainage & Control. Solid & Hazardous waste management. Air & Noise Pollution & Control. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Environmental quality modeling & monitoring. A. Abdelhakam School of Civil Engineering Environmental Terminologies Following terms of Environment are most important and we must know about these technical terms. 1. Ecology 2. Organisms 3. Species 4. Ecosystem 5. Micro Organism 6. Microbes 7. Pathogens 8. Biodiversity A. Abdelhakam School of Civil Engineering Environmental Terminologies Ecology: Ecology deals with the living & non-living components of the environment in relation to their surrounding. Organisms: Any living entity Animal or Plant which capable of growth and reproduction are called organisms. Species: A group of organisms having common attributes/quality are called Species. Ecosystem: A group of organisms interacting among themselves & surrounding Environment forms an eco-system which includes both living & non-living components of the Environment. Micro Organism: Very small living entity see only with the help of microscope is called micro-organisms. Microbes: Micro Organisms are simply called microbes, all microbes are not harmful for human health. Pathogens: Harmful microbes which causes disease. Biodiversity : The verity of life forms on earth & its process. A. Abdelhakam School of Civil Engineering Environmental Segments ❑ Environment is consists / composed of following four segments 1. Lithosphere. 2. Hydrosphere. 3. Biosphere. 4. Atmosphere. A. Abdelhakam School of Civil Engineering Environmental Pollutions 1. Pollution is defined as undesirable change in Physical, Chemical & Biological characteristics of Water, Air or Soil, that will harmfully affected the Human life and other organisms. A. Abdelhakam School of Civil Engineering Environmental Changes Environment changes are carried by following two ways 1. Natural Changes Natural Process Natural Disasters (Earthquakes, Floods, Sea storms, Droughts 2. Anthropogenic Changes Technology Industrial Revolution Transportation Urbanization Dam Construction Intensive Agriculture implements A. Abdelhakam School of Civil Engineering Environmental Quality Water is one of the most important material required to sustain life & is considered as the source of human illness. It is rarely available in nature because it has great tendency to dissolve various substances in it while flowing on the surface of earth. The topic of water quality focuses on the presence of foreign substances in it & their effect on human & other aquatic life. Where as WHO listed over 100 chemicals in guide lines for drinking water. In addition, the public need water that is soft, non-corrosive, free from pathogens & suspended solids. Due to inferior quality of water millions of children die every year. In the world under the age of 5years, due to water born diseases. Water quality for one purpose is not good / suitable for other purpose. A. Abdelhakam School of Civil Engineering  Questions A. Abdelhakam School of Civil Engineering