Empowerment-Technology-Reviewer.docx.pdf

Empowerment Technology Reviewer Computer Fundamentals Introduction to ICT History of Computer Abacus- was a computational tool used for hundreds of Information – it is a...

Empowerment Technology Reviewer Computer Fundamentals Introduction to ICT History of Computer Abacus- was a computational tool used for hundreds of Information – it is a processed data which leads to years and is generally considered to be the first knowledge calculator (not the first computer but the first Communication – it is a way to transmit knowledge calculator) Technology – tools and devices that enhance the dissemination of information and communication Charles Babbage - 19th century, Charles Babbage conceptualized the first programmable, mechanical ICT - Deals with the use of various technologies such as computer. But unfortunately it its to complex to mobile phones, telephones, computers, the Internet, economically produce, plus with the on-going war the and other devices, as well as software and applications project was cancelled after the british government stop to locate, save, send, and manipulate information. founding ICT is the use of computer-based information Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer - ENIAC systems and communications systems to was developed (1943) Forefather of the computer or the process, transmit, and store data and first electronic computer. It was the first device used information. electrical switches to store number. Universal Automatic Computer - UNIVAC the first commercially produced digital computer. On June 14, 1951. The first president who were able to try UNIVAC was 34th president Dwight Eisenhower Generation of Computers: Trends in ICT Digital Transformation- Integrating digital technology in business operations Digital Healthcare- Enhancing healthcare services with technology. Mobile Payments- Financial transactions through mobile devices. 1. 1st-GEN: Vacuum Tubes Assistive Technology- Devices and software that aid 2. 2nd-GEN: Transistors individuals with disabilities 3. 3rd-GEN: Integrated Circuits 4. 4th-GEN: Microprocessor Network Connectivity- Development of 5G and IoT 5. 5th-GEN: A.I. (Internet of Things). Artificial Intelligence- Machines mimicking human intelligence. Computer - It is an electronic device that receives data (input), processes data, stores data, and produces a Hardware Innovations- Advances in 3D printing result (output). technology. Data - is a collection of raw unprocessed facts, including text, numbers, sound, images, and video. Two components: The operating system places data into a buffer, which is part of memory or storage where data 1. Hardware – Input (Keyboard), Output(Monitor), waits until it can be transferred to a device. Storage(Flash drive) 2. Software – Application Software, System Software System Software runs a computer which Controlling Hardware includes the operating system and utility The operating system communicates with a driver (aka program device driver), which is a small program that enables the Application Software is the software used to operating system to interact with the device. directly complete a specific task or to create something electronically Central Processing Unit a single computer chip that contains all the electronic circuitry a computer needs to process data. Different Types of Operating System: Personal or desktop operating systems are installed on Registers a single computer and are called single-user operating A small memory space needed by the ALU to perform systems because one user interacts with the operating calculations. system at a time. Machine Cycle Types of Personal Operating System: consists of the steps that a computer's processor executes whenever it receives a machine language Mac OS instruction Linux Windows Mobile operating system is designed for small handheld computing devices. Server operating system resides on a server and is used to manage a network (a group of two or more computers linked together). Embedded Operating Systems run devices such as ATMs, navigation systems, portable media players, and digital recorders. Clock Speed Task of the operating system It is the processor’s speed which is the number of The boot process is a series of steps the instructions the CPU can process per second. operating system must complete before you can interact with the operating system. Types of Processor A single-core processor can enhance performance using multitasking and multithreading. With a multicore processor, the operating system can use multiprocessing, multitasking, and multithreading to improve performance Random Access Memory – Temporary Memory Read-only Memory – Permanent Memory computer literate means that you can use today’s computers efficiently to enhance your life and the lives of those around you. Digital Divide It is an economic gap between those who are computer literate and have access to computer technology, and those who do not.