Earth And Life Science - Week 1 Introduction To Life Science PDF

EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE WEEK 1 LESSON 1: Origin and Structure of the Earth (Planet Earth)  Recognize the uniqueness MELC: of Earth, being the only planet in the solar system with properties necessary to support life. LEARNING After going through t...

EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE WEEK 1 LESSON 1: Origin and Structure of the Earth (Planet Earth)  Recognize the uniqueness MELC: of Earth, being the only planet in the solar system with properties necessary to support life. LEARNING After going through this OBJECTIVE: lesson, you are expected to: 1. identify the characteristics of the Earth that supports life; and 2. expound how the characteristics of the Earth sustain the needs of a living organism. Origin and Structure of the Earth (Planet Earth) | Earth and Life Science (youtube.com) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FTh8lPHjHCs Earth is the only planet in the solar system known to harbour life. Our planet has a molten nickel-iron core which gave rise to an extensive magnetic field, which, along with the atmosphere, shields us from harmful radiation coming from the Sun. In this lesson, you will understand why this planet is called the “living planet.” INTRODUCTION Earth: A Habitable Planet Instruction: Read the document carefully and answer the questions that follow Questions: 1. Whatare the factors that make the planet habitable? 2. What are the characteristics of planet Earth that makes it habitable? DISCUSSION EARTH (A.K.A. : Blue planet)  only place in the universe confirmed to host life  only one known to have a large amount of liquid water (71%) covering the surface REASONS WHY PLANET EARTH IS A UNIQUE ONE:  It has liquid water;  surface or lithosphere which includes the crust and the upper mantle;  It has atmosphere that shelters it from the worst of the sun’s rays. DISCUSSION REASONS WHY PLANET EARTH IS A HABITABLE ONE:  has the right distance from the sun  It is kept warm by an insulating atmosphere  has the right chemical ingredients for life including water and carbon  can provide water, oxygen, useful biological products for human  has suitable weather and climate DISCUSSION SIMILARITIES OF EARTH, VENUS, AND MARS: (1) They all are terrestrial planets, made of solid rocks and silicates; (2) They all have an atmosphere; (3) They all almost have the same time to rotate on their axes; (4) Earth and Mars both have water; (5) They all have carbon dioxide; and (6 All have landforms. DISCUSSION DIFFERENCES OF EARTH, VENUS, AND MARS: (1)Venus has no water; (2)Venus and Mars don’t have oxygen; and (3)Earth has life forms. LESSON 1 Activity 1: Understanding Planet Earth Compare and Contrast How is planet Earth similar and different from Venus and Mars? Provide possible explanations for your observations using the information in the table. (5 points) KEY CONCEPTS: 1. Planet Earth is considered habitable because of the following reasons: (1) it has the right distance from the sun; (2) it is protected from harmful solar radiation by its magnetic field; (3) it is kept warm by an insulating atmosphere; and (4) it has the right amount of ingredients for life, including water and carbon. 2. Earth is different from other planets in a way that it is the only planet with liquid water on the surface. a. Earth, Venus, and Mars may have similarities: (1) They all are terrestrial planets, made of solid rocks and silicates; (2) They all have an atmosphere; (3) They all almost have the same time to rotate on their axes; (4) Earth and Mars both have water; (5) They all have carbon dioxide; and (6) All have landforms. b. Earth, Venus, and Mars have differences: (1) Venus has no water; (2)Venus and Mars don’t have oxygen; and (3) Earth has life forms. “Terraforming Mars”  Can man change or adjust Mars’ environment to make it more suitable for human habitation? How? List down your answer on the table.  LESSON 2: Origin and Structure of the Earth (The Subsystem)  Explain that the Earth MELC: consists of four subsystems, across whose boundaries matter and energy flow. LEARNING After going through this lesson, you are expected to: OBJECTIVE: 1. determine the four subsystems of the Earth; 2. describe the characteristics of each subsystem; 3. trace the flow of matter and energy in the Earth’s subsystems; and 4. express one’s internalized role as steward of the four subsystems concerning the flow of matter and energy. Earth's Subsystem | Earth and Life Science (youtube.com) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LYsfhTmCkNM Earth is sometimes called the “water planet” or the “blue planet” because seas cover more than two-thirds of its surface. Earth is the only planet in the solar system with rain that falls from clouds, runs over the land, and collects in extensive oceans. It is also the only body we know that supports life. This self- learning module will help you understand the subsystem of the planet where you stand right now. INTRODUCTION Subsystems of the Earth Instructions: Analyze and label the given picture. From the picture, create a general concept on each picture and identify the physical characteristics of the subsystem of the Earth. Differentiate one with the other. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. Atmosphere Geosphere Hydrosphere Biosphere Subsystems of the Earth  DISCUSSION Subsystems of the Earth 1. Atmosphere – the gaseous layer above the Earth’s surface primarily composed of different gases such as nitrogen and oxygen.  DISCUSSION Subsystems of the Earth 2. Biosphere – the zone of the Earth where all forms of life exist. This serves as the ecosystem of all living and non- living organisms.  DISCUSSION Subsystems of the Earth 3. Geosphere – the solid part of the Earth that consists the entire planet from the center of the core to the outer crust. It includes core, mantle, and crust of the Earth.  DISCUSSION Subsystems of the Earth 4. Hydrosphere – the water part of the Earth that includes oceans and glaciers. LESSON 2 Activity 1.1 We are Connected! According to John Muir, “When one tugs at a single thing in nature, he finds it attached to the rest of the world.” How is the given diagram related to the said quote? How does the four subsystem of the Earth connect with each other? Write your answer on your notebook. (5 points) KEY CONCEPTS: Subsystems of the Earth 1. Atmosphere – it is the gaseous layer above the Earth’s surface, primarily composed of 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. Other gases like argon, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, and other inert gases made the remaining 1%. The atmosphere supports life because animals and oxygen, and plants need both carbon dioxide and oxygen. In addition, the atmosphere supports life indirectly by regulating climate. Air acts as both a blanket and a filter, retaining heat at night and shielding from direct solar radiation during the day. 2. Biosphere – the zone of Earth where all forms of life exist: in the sea, on land, and in water. It is sometimes called as the large ecosystem. This is the zone that life inhabits. Biosphere is a very thin layer of the earth’s surface. 3. Geosphere – the solid Earth, consisting of the entire planet from the center of the core to the outer crust. It includes the core, mantle, and crust of the Earth. 4. Hydrosphere – the water part of the Earth which circulates among oceans, continents, glaciers, and atmosphere. Oceans cover 71% of the Earth and contain 97.5% of its water.  Earth is a complex system made up of many smaller systems through which matter and energy are continuously cycled. Energy and matter flow through Earth’s spheres: geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. Energy flows through the atmosphere mostly by convection. How does matter and energy flow across the four subsystems of the Earth?  The Earth consists of four subsystems, across whose boundaries matter and energy flows, the atmosphere (air), biosphere (living things), hydrosphere (water), and geosphere (land).  The atmosphere provides the geosphere with heat and energy needed for rock breakdown and erosion.  The biosphere receives gases, heat, and sunlight (energy) from the atmosphere.  It receives water from the hydrosphere and a living medium from the geosphere Activity: Earth Savers' Plan (20 points) PT #1 Background Information: The human population has increased rapidly since the 1700s. For most of human history, there were fewer than half a billion people on Earth. In mid- 2009, 6.7 billion people inhabited our planet. Because of this rapid growth, extensive pollution is everywhere. As students, you have the power to make a difference and help save the Earth! Objective: Create a detailed plan of actions that you can take to help save the Earth, focusing on different environmental systems. Your plan should include specific actions, the environmental system they target, and the expected positive outcomes. Example: LESSON 3: Minerals  Identify common rock- MELC: forming minerals using their physical and chemical properties. LEARNING After going through this OBJECTIVE: lesson, you are expected to: 1. identify the examples of minerals; 2. explain the different characteristics of minerals; 3. differentiate minerals based on their properties; and 4. develop awareness on the importance of minerals around us. Minerals | Earth and Life Science (youtube.com) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Usm-bx1B-Y4 Minerals make up the rocks beneath your feet, the soil that supports plants, and the deep rock of Earth’s mantle. Any thorough study of Earth must include an understanding of minerals. But it is not sufficient to study minerals isolated from the rest of the planet. Rather we can learn more by observing the ways that minerals interact with other Earth systems. We are using these products made from minerals daily. Graphite is the mineral used in wooden pencil. Halite is the mineral found in salt. Your cellphone is made up of different minerals. The cars that we drive, the roads that we travel, the building that we live in, are some examples of products derived from minerals. Characteristics of Minerals Instructions: Arrange the jumbled letters to find the appropriate criteria to determine whether a material is classified as a mineral or not. Write your answers on your notebook. DISCUSSION What are Minerals? Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. Mineralogists use the criteria to determine whether a material is classified as a mineral or not. Characteristics of Minerals naturally occurring- term which identifies mineral as part of earth’s natural processes. inorganic- means a substance is not a product of an organism. homogeneous solid- minerals should have definite volume and rigid shape definite chemical composition—represented by a chemical formula orderly crystalline structure- atoms of minerals are arranged in an orderly and repeating pattern Properties of Minerals To identify minerals, mineralogists observe the following properties: a.Color may change depending on the surface. Properties of Minerals To identify minerals, mineralogists observe the following properties: b. Streak color of mineral in powdered form Properties of Minerals To identify minerals, mineralogists observe the following properties: c. Hardness Mineral’s resistance to scratching Properties of Minerals To identify minerals, mineralogists observe the following properties: d. Cleavage mineral’s resistance to being broken and fracture Properties of Minerals To identify minerals, mineralogists observe the following properties: e. Crystalline structure or habit Properties of Minerals To identify minerals, mineralogists observe the following properties: f. Diaphaneity/a mount of transparency ability to allow light to pass through it. This is affected by chemical makeup of the mineral sample Properties of Minerals To identify minerals, mineralogists observe the following properties: g. Luster how light is reflected off a surface Properties of Minerals To identify minerals, mineralogists observe the following properties: h. Tenacity describes the minerals reaction to stress Properties of Minerals Tenacity Brittleness- a mineral turns into powder Malleability a mineral can be flattened by pounding with a hammer. Ductility- A mineral can be stretched into wire. Flexible but inelastic-Minerals are bent but they remain in the new position. Flexible and elastic- Minerals are bent, and they bring back to their original position. Properties of Minerals To identify minerals, mineralogists observe the following properties: i. Sectility ability of minerals to be sliced by a knife. Did you know? The Mohs scale (pronounced MOZE) was introduced in 1822. It originated when Friedrich Mohs chose ten minerals and assigned numbers to them based on the relative ease or difficulty in which stone can be scratched by another.  WW Prepare a list of minerals based on the Mohs Scale of #1 Hardness and identify some products that make use of these minerals. Lesson 3 Understanding Science Words The pictures below show the common minerals and their properties or uses. Identify other properties exhibited by the minerals. Choose your answer from the given choices. QUIZ THANK YOU VERY MUCH AND GOD BLESS!