Elements of Art PDF

## Elements of Art ### 01. Elements of Art - Line - Shape - Color - Texture ### Line Lines create the impression of movement. As such, when you see artworks with lines, your eyes make a movement in following its direction or path. #### Types of Lines | Type | Description | Example | |---|---|-...

## Elements of Art ### 01. Elements of Art - Line - Shape - Color - Texture ### Line Lines create the impression of movement. As such, when you see artworks with lines, your eyes make a movement in following its direction or path. #### Types of Lines | Type | Description | Example | |---|---|---| | Vertical | Movement direction is upward or downward. | Trees, standing bodies, buildings | | Diagonal | Slanted lines; create rising or falling Impression | The Leaning Tower of Pisa | | Horizontal | Movement direction is left to right or vice-versa. | Bodies lying down, horizon | | Zigzag | Connected diagonal lines; with angular perspectives | Thunder, animated star drawings | | Curved | Non-linear lines with unclear directions | Cloud outline, leaves, flower edges | ### Line & Value - **Value** = darkness or lightness of an object. - The value of a line may differ in terms of how much light the surface absorbs and expresses light. - Applying the line principles to value, lines may have dark value when pencils are pressed harder on a sheet of paper, or through various shading techniques. ### Shape, Form, Space #### Shape - Shape conveys a defined 2D area. - It has an outline and it's recognizable through its form. - Shapes can still be created without a boundary line. #### Types of Shapes | Type | Description | |---|---| | Geometric Shapes | Accurately measured shapes. Used to express feelings of uniformity & organization. Show balance and structure. | | Free-Form Shapes | Irregular in structure. Combinations of curves & angles. Not structural & man-made. Organically existing in nature. | #### Form - Forms are 3D aspects of space and shapes. - They have length and width or diameter, and also have depth. #### Space - Involves the outer and inner spaces of an artwork, referring to a hypothetical area in which the subject of art operate. - Space allows shape and form exist, so space is also assumed to be an empty canvas where art can be done. #### Types of Space | Type | Description | |---|---| | Positive Space | The shapes and forms present in an artwork. | | Negative Space | The empty spaces in the artwork. | #### Illusion of Depth using Gestalt Principles of Perception - **Overlapping:** The first object covers a second object which makes the first one closer to the viewer. - **Size:** Larger objects often are perceived to be nearer than the relatively smaller ones. - **Placement:** Objects placed on the lower plane of the space create impression of them being nearer. The more distant are those at the top level of space. - **Detail:** Objects with clearer details are nearer, but objects with less details are farther - **Color:** Brightly or vividly colored objects seem nearer than dull ones. - **Converging Lines:** As parallel lines moves away from our POV, they move closer to horizon and makes a perception of distance. ### Color - What makes lines, shapes, forms, and space come alive. - Colors have the most powerful connection to human nature and emotions. - They are used to describe emotions such as feeling blue for sadness or green thumb for someone who is good with plants. #### Color Schemes - **Monochromatic:** This is a technique where only one color is used. Even the hue, tints, and shade are consistent all throughout. - **Analogous:** The hues used are usually those that are side by side in the color wheel and operate in a common hue. - **Complementary:** These are used when the theme of art is intended to create strong expression of contrast and create vibration with each other. - **Split Complements:** This is used when you combine a hue with each side of its exact complement. This now offers more variety and more dynamics to color range & selection. - **Triads:** Art must be focused on three general colors spaced on equal intervals on the color wheel. It don't convey strong differentiation of colors. - **Warm & Cool Colors:** The color wheel can be divided into 2 groups: Warms group convey warm situations; Cool group evoke cooler situations. #### Hue - In color theory, hue is one of the main properties of a color defined technically in the CIECAM02 model (a model of human visual processing). #### Value - Describes the lightness and darkness of a color. To alter values, add black or white to hues through tinting. #### Intensity - Refers to how bright or dull the use of hue is. It can be high or low density such that in bright and dull colors. ### Texture - Refers to how the subjects and objects of the piece feels if touched given that texture is perceived through the senses. - This is essential in creating the dynamics by showing that certain surfaces have different feels according to their nature. #### a. Rough & Smooth Textures: - A crooked and uneven shadow may provide a rougher texture than the shaded ones. - Casting shadows and accepting light provides impression of the shape and its texture. #### b. Matter and Shiny Textures: - A matte surface reflects soft and dull light while the shiny surface tends to reflect light and project some spark and glow. - These textures can be matte-rough, matte-smooth, shiny-rough, and shiny-smooth.