Digestive System PDF

WELCOME TO SCIENCE CLASS Digestive Journey Game: Take a bite of your food and think about the taste and texture How do you think your body will process this food? Guide Questions: What did you observe when you chewed the food? What factors made it easier for you to chew...

WELCOME TO SCIENCE CLASS Digestive Journey Game: Take a bite of your food and think about the taste and texture How do you think your body will process this food? Guide Questions: What did you observe when you chewed the food? What factors made it easier for you to chew the food? What happens to food after you swallow it? Why is it important for our body to break down food? THE HUMAN BODY Digestive System Learning Objectives Identify and describe the major organs of the digestive system and their functions. Demonstrate the physical breakdown of food using hands and common kitchen tools. Value the importance of maintaining a healthy digestive system through proper nutrition and hydration. What is the digestive system? The digestive system in the Esophagus human body processes food Mouth and liquids. It consists of the Stomach digestive tract, where food passes through structures Small like the mouth, esophagus, Intestine stomach, small intestine, Large large intestine, and accessory Rectum Intestine organs. and Anus Mouth The mouth is the first organ in the digestive system. It serves several essential functions: Mouth Ingestion: Food enters the mouth, allowing the initial stage of digestion. Mechanical Digestion (Chewing): Teeth break down large food pieces into smaller ones. Chemical Digestion: Saliva initiates digestion by breaking down starch into sugar. Esophagus The esophagus ensures the smooth movement of food from the mouth to the stomach, allowing for efficient digestion and nutrient absorption.  Esophagus Unlike the stomach and small intestine, the esophagus does not secrete digestive enzymes. Its primary function is to facilitate the passage of food.  Stomach The stomach is a hollow muscular organ that holds food while it is being mixed with stomach enzymes.  Stomach Its key functions include temporary food storage, mechanical digestion (through muscular contractions), chemical digestion (via acids and enzymes), and controlled emptying of partially digested food into the small intestine. Small Intestine The small intestine's main functions include breaking down food, absorbing nutrients, and moving the intestinal contents along the digestive tract. Small Intestine  Small Intestine Specifically, the small intestine absorbs carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. It plays a vital role in digestion, ensuring efficient nutrient absorption and waste Small elimination. Intestine Large Intestine The large intestine, also known as the colon, Large Intestine follows the small intestine and extends to the anal canal, where food waste exits the body. Large Intestine The large intestine performs several essential functions, such as Large Intestine absorbing water and electrolytes, forming stool, facilitating bacterial fermentation, and protecting against infections. Rectum and Anus The rectum connects the large intestine to the anus. It acts as a reservoir where stool accumulates before Rectum being ready for elimination. Anus Rectum and Anus The anus marks the exit point for food waste. Muscles, nerves, and mucous membranes work together to facilitate Rectum healthy bowel movements that you can Anus control.  Remember Throughout this process, the digestive system works seamlessly with other body systems, such as the circulatory and nervous systems, to ensure that nutrients are distributed to cells and waste is eliminated efficiently.  Remember The digestive system plays a vital role in maintaining overall health and well- being by providing the nutrients our bodies need to function properly.