EBME 306 - Shoffstall 1-1 - Material Choices.pdf

EBME 306 Overview: Next 3 Lectures Goal: Learn The Fundamentals Needed to Understand Tradeoffs in Device Design Introduction to Biomaterials Biocompatibility, Tissue Response Bio aspect of BIOmaterials Inflammation Immunology and Infection Blood Compatibility Material Selection / Design Materials...

EBME 306 Overview: Next 3 Lectures Goal: Learn The Fundamentals Needed to Understand Tradeoffs in Device Design Introduction to Biomaterials Biocompatibility, Tissue Response Bio aspect of BIOmaterials Inflammation Immunology and Infection Blood Compatibility Material Selection / Design Materials aspects of bioMATERIALS StructureFunction Material Properties Scale NanoMacro Polymers Breadth / Expertise Protein-Material, Cell-Material Interactions Fundamentals of Interface Neural Orthopedic Blood Applications Tissue Engr. Drug Delivery EBME 356 Shoffstall / From Atoms to Bulk Materials: Understanding the “Materials” aspect of Biomaterials Other 1 Ceramics Proteins Polymers Carbohydrates Metals From Atoms to Bulk Materials: Understanding the “Materials” aspect of Biomaterials Material Selection / Design EBME 306 StructureFunction Material Properties Scale NanoMacro Suggested Reading Chapter 2: Chemical Structure of Biomaterials Chapter 3: Physical Properties of Biomaterials Chapter 4: Mechanical Properties of Biomaterials Chapter 5: Biomaterial Degradation Chapter 6: Biomaterial Processing Chapter 7: Surface Properties of Biomaterials = All together, about ~250 text book pages … by Friday, please  EBME 356 Shoffstall / From Atoms to Bulk Materials: Understanding the “Materials” aspect of Biomaterials 3 But Seriously… More Focused Suggested Reading Review Chapter 1.4 thru 1.7: Types of Biomaterials  Principles of Chemistry Chapter 2: Chemical Structure of Biomaterials Skim basics… overall structures/properties NOT memorizing detailed atomic models DO focus on 2.5: Techniques for characterization Chapter 3: Physical Properties of Biomaterials Great chapter! Easy read EBME 356 Shoffstall / From Atoms to Bulk Materials: Understanding the “Materials” aspect of Biomaterials 4 5 What class of materials would be most appropriate if you want to develop an electrode to interface with the nervous system? What determines the materials choice? EBME 356 Shoffstall / From Atoms to Bulk Materials: Understanding the “Materials” aspect of Biomaterials 5 6 How about a clear choice for metal? What determines the type of metal that you would pick for each application? EBME 356 Shoffstall / From Atoms to Bulk Materials: Understanding the “Materials” aspect of Biomaterials 6 7 CWRU Biomedical Engineering EBME 356 Shoffstall / From Atoms to Bulk Materials: Understanding the “Materials” aspect of Biomaterials 7 Material Properties Structure (atomic, nano, micro, macro)  Function Some of the Most Important for Medical Applications • • • • • • • • • • • Acoustical properties Atomic properties Chemical properties Electrical properties Environmental properties Magnetic properties Manufacturing properties Mechanical properties Optical properties Radiological properties Thermal properties EBME 356 Shoffstall / From Atoms to Bulk Materials: Understanding the “Materials” aspect of Biomaterials • • Chemical properties (ALL!!!) Electrical properties (Neuromodulation, Stimulation) • • • • • • Magnetic properties (MRI compatibility) Manufacturing properties (ALL, Processing) Mechanical properties (Orthopedic Implants) Optical properties (Contact Lenses) Radiological properties (Intraoperative Imaging) Thermal properties (Ablation, RF Heat Dissipation) 8 EBME 356 Shoffstall / From Atoms to Bulk Materials: Understanding the “Materials” aspect of Biomaterials 9 Park and Lakes Biomaterials Natural Materials proteins: collagen, fibrin, elastin polysaccharides: alginate, chitosan, glycosaminoglycans (hyaluronic acid), cellulose De-cellularized scaffolds Lipids Advantages • biofunctionality • biodegradable • less inflammation Disadvantages • mechanical properties • stability • processing • immunogenicity EBME 356 Shoffstall / From Atoms to Bulk Materials: Understanding the “Materials” aspect of Biomaterials Synthetic Materials polymers: polyurethanes, PTFE, PE, polysiloxanes, poly(a-hydroxy)esters (PLA/PGA), PCL, pHEMA ceramics/glasses: HA, bioactive glasses metals: Ti/Ti-alloys, Co-Cr alloys, stainless steel Advantages • property “tuning” • processing Disadvantages • loss of cell function • inflammation * Note, this is not an exhaustive list: examples of most common types used in medical devices 10