Earth's Lithosphere-Science 10 Week 1.pdf

SCIENCE EARTH'S LITHOSPHERE 10 WEEK 1 Mrs. Maria Roselle C. Reyes Fill in the blanks by using the word bank. The structure of the Earth is divided into (1)___________. It is based on (2)__________ and (3)__________ properties. The (4) __________ is the outermost layer and makes up less tha...

SCIENCE EARTH'S LITHOSPHERE 10 WEEK 1 Mrs. Maria Roselle C. Reyes Fill in the blanks by using the word bank. The structure of the Earth is divided into (1)___________. It is based on (2)__________ and (3)__________ properties. The (4) __________ is the outermost layer and makes up less than 1 percent of Earth by mass, consisting of (5)__________ and (6)__________. The (7)___________ is the mostly-solid bulk of Earth's interior and represents about 68 percent of Earth’s mass. The (8)__________ is the very hot, very dense center of our planet. The (9)__________ core is about 1,400 miles thick, and it's made mostly of a combination of iron and (10)__________ , along with small amounts of other dense elements like (11)__________, (12)__________, and (13)__________. The (14)__________ core is almost the same size of the moon it is very hot and mostly made up of (15) ___________. It spins faster than the earth and creates Earth’s (16)__________ field. Most essential learning competencies Describe the Earth's lithosphere and differentiate oceanic and continental crust. Infer that the Earth's lithosphere is divided into plates. Identify the major lithospheric plates. Determine the scientific basis for dividing the lithospheric plates.  Did you Know? The word Geography came from two Greek words "geo" (Earth) and "graphos" (to write). Geography literally means description about Earth.  earth Earth, third planet from the Sun and the fifth largest planet in the solar system in terms of size and mass. Its single most outstanding feature is that its near-surface environments are the only places in the universe known to harbour life. https://www.britannica.com/place/Earth layers of the earth CRUST A layer of rock about 30 kilometers (22 miles) thick. That might seem thick, but it's actually very thin, considering the size of Earth. MANTLE The mantle is a thick layer of rock just under the crust. It's firm and hard like other rock, but it's actually flowing very slowly. OUTER CORE The outer core is a liquid layer, made mostly of iron and nickel, that moves around the inner core. INNER CORE The inner core is a solid ball made almost entirely of two metals, iron and nickel. It's hotter here than on the surface of the Sun.  TWO TYPE OF CRUSTS CONTINENTAL OCEANIC IT IS HEAVIER THAN IT VARIES BETWEEN 6 AND 47 CONTINENTAL CRUST AND MILES IN THICKNESS IT IS CONSTANTLY SINKING DEPENDING ON WHERE IT IS AND MOVING UNDER FOUND. IT TENDS TO BE MUCH CONTINENTAL CRUST OLDER THAN OCEANIC CRUST. Differentiating oceanic and continental crust.  generalization * The Earth's lithosphere is the outer, solid layer that includes the crust and upper mantle. It is divided into tectonic plates that move and cause earthquakes and volcanoes. * The oceanic crust is thin, dense, and made of basalt. It forms the ocean floors and is constantly recycled at plate boundaries. * The continental crust is thick, less dense, and made of granite. It forms the continents and is more stable and long-lasting. * Oceanic crust sinks under continental crust at plate boundaries, leading to geological events like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.  Questions: Analyze the role of the lithosphere in the Earth's geological processes. How do the properties of the lithosphere contribute to its behavior and interaction with the asthenosphere? Evaluate the significance of the differences between oceanic and continental crust in the context of plate tectonics. How do these differences influence geological events such as earthquakes and volcanic activity?  PLATE TECTONICS THEORY Plate tectonics is the theory that Earth's outer shell is divided into several plates that glide over the mantle, the rocky inner layer above the core.  PLATE TECTONICS THEORY Developed from the 1950s through the 1970s, plate tectonics is the modern version of continental drift, a theory first proposed by scientist Alfred Wegener in 1912. Wegener didn't have an explanation for how continents could move around the planet, but researchers do now.  MAJOR PLATES There are nine major plates, according to World Atlas. These plates are named after the landforms found on them. The nine major plates are North American, Pacific, Eurasian, African, Indo-Australian, Australian, Indian, South American and Antarctic.  MAJOR PLATES The largest plate is the Pacific Plate at 39,768,522 square miles (103,000,000 square kilometers). Most of it is located under the ocean. It is moving northwest at a speed of around 2.75 inches (7 cm) per year. There are also many smaller plates throughout the world. MINOR PLATES Arabian Plate Caribbean Plate Cocos Plate Juan de Fuca Plate Nazca Plate Philippine Plate Scotia Plate Write the letter that corresponds to the name of the plate given.  Questions? Clarifications? Essential Questions: a. How can knowing about tectonic plates help us support communities affected by natural disasters? b. What actions can we take to show empathy and responsibility towards people who live in areas prone to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions?