Earth Science Notes PDF

Earth Science Notes × EARTH - “living planet”, “blue planet” 4 FACTORS temperature Third planet from the sun atmosphere...

Earth Science Notes × EARTH - “living planet”, “blue planet” 4 FACTORS temperature Third planet from the sun atmosphere Is remarkably special and unique energy It is the only place in the universe nutrients confirmed to host life and can support life Atmosphere Earth’s atmosphere is about 100 The 8 planets are divided into 2 groups miles thick. It keeps the surface Terrestrial / Inner Planets - warmer warm and protects it from radiation and has rocky surface and small- to medium- sized meteorites these planets are relatively small in size and in mass Energy has a solid rocky surface With a steady input of either light or these planets are closer to the sun chemical energy, cells can run the and therefore warmer than the chemical reactions necessary for planets located farther out in the life solar system Nutrients The planets are: MERCURY, VENUS, Used to build and maintain an EARTH, and MARS organism’s body Jovian / Outer Planets - cooler and Water mostly made out of gas Earth is the only planet in the solar system that has a large amount of these planets have larger sizes and liquid water. About 70% of the masses surface of the Earth is covered by these planets do not have solid liquid or frozen water. surface sometimes called “Gas Giants” 5 FACTORS THAT MAKE THE PLANET because they are large and made EARTH HABITABLE mostly of gases (helium & hydrogen) Temperature Water The planets are: JUPITER, SATURN, Energy URANUS, and NEPTUNE Atmosphere Where’s Pluto? Nutrients ― Dwarf planet THE EARTH’S SUBSYSTEMS ― 1930-2006 (76yrs) Hydrosphere ― Found in the Kuiper belt Atmosphere Venus? Lithosphere hottest planet because of the level Biosphere of CO2 being 98% Mars? has 95% CO2, 2.7% Nitrogen, 1.6% Argon, and 0.13% Oxygen Syryll’s Notes × INTERCONNECTIONS AND PROCESSES IGNEOUS ROCKS CLASSIFIED BASED ON COMPOSITION 1. Matter Transfer - interconnections between components and the Felsic elements of the Earth system also called “granitic“, granite and rhyolite are examples 2. Energy Transfer - key process of the >65% silica content, and are Earth System generally light-coloured 3. Change Leads to Change - because Intermediate of the interconnectedness, changes in also called “andesitic“, andesite one sphere bring about changes in the and diorite are examples others 55-65% silica content ROCK CYCLE - a natural process that generally medium-coloured describes how rocks are formed, (medium gray) broken down, and transformed into Mafic different types of rocks over time also called “basaltic“ 1. Sedimentary Rocks - formed by the 45-55% silica content compaction and cementation of Ultramafic sediments – a process called