Battle of Talikota (1565 AD) PDF

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for You Prime Battle his kingdom. of may Compared to witty Krishnadeva have Minister The jokes last Raya Talikota Birbal heard in and Rama the king died wit (1565 of in and name Raya. the AD) of intelligence. 1530. hunour. Tenali Tenali. Soon dynasty, Ram. Ram His there was Interesting the actual Fact Sadasiva, were was courtier name a of was rebellions in Tenali puppet at Krishnadeva the various Raman. Raya. He He is History hands parts of of may be famous 61 his the  Rama Raya frequentlyinterfered with the five independent Bahmani Tired of his interfefene the kingdoms Ahmednagar, Bijapur. of and Bidar formed kingdoms, a confederationfor the solepurpose Golconda, destroying of the Bera kingdom) In 1565, a ferce battle took place at Talikota. The Sultans, Vijayanagz after the king, destroyed the capitalcity of Vijayanagar. defeating Administration under Vijayanagar Kingdom The king's was the highest court of justice. He paid great attention to of the people. The empire was the divided into six provinces. The tehsil welfare grOup of villages. The villages were looked after by comprised a panchayats. Sources of Income-Reyenue and Trade Land revenue and trade werethe two main sources of income. fixed at between Land revenue was one-third and one-ixth eroduce. To increase government cleared the forests and revenue, constructed large number of SFeudal lords, who collected the revenue, paid half of irrigation tanks their collectionsto the king engaged in world trade through its many ports, It had trade relations with Arabia, Persia and Africa in the west and China,South-East Asia, (Burma) in the east. It Myanmar imported horses, elephants, Consisted of rice, sugar, ivory, silk and velvet. Exports sandalwood, iron and spices to prosperityof the empire other countries. The economic depended on trade. Society hoLgtrie We have a lot of informatiop casn about different aspects of the Vijayanagar of the social life of empire Women in general the people They took active part occupied a high position in the political, in society. a fair amount of social and literary education. They were activities. They received shields, besides music trained in wrestling, and other fine arts, WNe handling swords and find references guards, accountants as of women wrestlers, well as astrologers. among the royal family and Polygamy was prevalent, wealthy classes, Child especially common customs, Dowry was also marriage and sati were the prevalent.? Brahmans were held in high esteem and they exercised in social and a great influencenot religious matters but also in only the political affairs of the state. 2 There were no restrictions in matters of diet. Meat of all the animals was except that of oxen or cows because they eaten. were worshipped. (Development of Art and Architecture Economic prosperity of the empire was also reflected in the field of culture.The Vijayanagar kings preserved and protected Hinduism.The magnificent Vithalswami 62 History  with beautiful sculptures. They also repaired templesare adorngd by the Cholas. foday nothing remains Hazara the temples, palaces, forts of and built all around the village Hampi in Karnataka., of temples, scattered pailions and Hazara Rama termple Vithalswami temple Nhat yol imeohtasolaya do Growth of Literature Hhowote Hmuk too were great patrons was great scholar. Other kings a Krishnadeva Raya himself and Kannada along with languages like Telugu and literature. Regional in of Amuktamalyada, Krishnadeya, Raya wrote art Sanskrit received special attention. in his court who should rule.(He had eight scholars which he explains how aking and was his (eight Pedanna was one of them elephants).) were called ashtdiggajas and his also, such as Madhava Vidyaranya were other scholars court poet. There encouraged music, wrote commentary on the Vedas.(The king brother Sayana who crafts, on wood and various other philosophy, painting, carving Empire foe ngs ne Decline of Vijayanagar wars with the Bahmani Frequent kingdom the chief cause of the was Vijayanagar kingdom, The decline of in the affairs of the five interference independent Bahmani kingdoms by the Rama Raya, the Prime Minister of royed very costly Vijayanagar rulers, them to tor the empireIt_prompted form a confederation for the purpose ot destroying powet the Vijayanagar Even the ruins at Hampi tell the Hampi ruins glorious tale of that mighty empire. low dad Viyayanaga mpre Geche History 63 Ps, White he ponts apked paragdph THE BAHMANI KINGDOM (1347-1527 AD) wasfounded in 1347 by one of the officers of Muhammad-bin Tughlag, Hasan Gangu whoassumed the title of Ala-ud-din Bahman Shah. He named made his capital. In all, eighteen rulers ruled it during the period 1347-1527. Gulbarga Firoz Shah was one of theimportant rulers of Bahmani dynasty. He 25 years (1397-1422 AD). He ruledfor had conquered the Raichur doab from ruler, but he lost it to them in the Vijayanagar subsequentt war. He was a poet and knew m languages like Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Telugu, Kannada and Marathi. MAHMUD GAWAN During thereign of Muhammad Shah III (1463-1482), the great heights. His Bahmanikingdom reachod able general and minister Mahmud asthe regent,since Gawan looked Lafter Muhammad Shah was only nine years old the empire faithfully for eighteen He served his mastox years and extended the boundaries of the kingdom. Mahm defeated the rulers of Konkan (1469), Orissa one of the best (1478) and captured Dabhol ports of Vijayanagar and Goa empire. Mahmud Gawan also promnoted and encouraged agriculture This made the Bahmani Kingdom prosperous. He was also a good administrator. Mahmud Gawan was man and healso learned a patronised learning. He built a madrasa_at the capital city of Bidar and a vast He donated 3000 books library. from his collection to this institution of learning. He also gave scholarships to poor and meritorious students, Mahmud Gawan's Madrasa In many respects, Mahmud Gawan's contemporaries. He led a character was far with efficiency simple and pure superior to his andhonesty. life and served three successive reigns Mahmud Gawan's Execution The were two groups of nobles and Pardesi in the nobles. Thefe Court of Bahmani was apemanent Kings-Deccani nobles rivalry between the two Nane two groups. Pops of hobles in the 64 History of Bahmahi lout kint kingdon  the local Decçan, nobles of the Bahrmaní court forged a Jetter whích In 1481, nas a traitor When the letter shown to the king, he called Gawan was provedGawanhim what punishment should be given to a traitor, "Death", replied asked and Atthis, the king showed Gawan the forged letter and Gawan was beheaded Gawan, With his death, all the cohesión and power of the Bahmani Kingdom on the spot. rted. depar and Decline Break-up soon realised that he had been tricked but it was too late. With the The king the local Deccan nobles.SOon took control of the eropire. After strong man gone, Shah. the later kings became puppets in the hands of the nobles. Muhammad nobles weakened the The continuous.rivalry between the Deccani and Pardesi and proved to be one of the factors that caused the decline of dministration Bahmani kingdom.)I Bijapur By 1527,the kingdom broke up into five independent kingdoms of Berar, plotted and fought against one another. Ahmednagar, Golconda and Bidar. They by Ahmednagar and their joint war with Vijayanagar, Berar was annexed After Golconda were The three kingdoms of Bijapur, Ahmednagar and Bidar by Bijapur. by the Mughals, Jater conquered Who w epe l arpatoah2 Bahmani Administration The kingdom the Sultanate form of administration. The Bahmaní rulers followed called tarafdars. The four provinces ruled over by governors was divided into number of troops.They the revenue and supplied a fixed governors collected posts in their appointment of civil and military powers in the enjoyed independent provinces.)Is of People enjoyed high trade and people Life of foreign prosperity on account spent four years (1470 There was great a Russian traveller who the lifestyle of Athanasius Nikitin, by the luxurious standardof life. Sultanate, was greatly impressed whereas the ruralpeople 74) in the Bahmani enjoyed luxury nobles the royalty and people. But only lived a life of poverty. music In fact. and Culture language and Art, Architecture art, architecture, of India./The Islamic rulers patronised as the culturalcentre colleges The Bahmani wanted to_see Deccan and established cities Feroz Shah Bahmani in all the major capital mosques built many beautiful 65 History  Jama Masjid Gol Gumbaz Charminar monuments are he )6 to promote Islamic studies, The other important and libraries Gumbaz in Bijapur, Ahmed Shah's tomb in Bida: Hyderabad, the Gol Charminar at and Jama Masjid at Gulbarga. The Bahmani rulers were also tolerant of their Hindu citizens and emploved Hindus in senior government positions. Why it is calle d whfulg dome? Do You Know? Gol Gumba2 the tomb of Adil Shah, situated in Bijapur, is the mast outstanding building or of that period. Its enormous_dome stands unsupported by is known as the pillars. ts dome "whispering dome' and isthe secondlargestdome in the world, after St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. It is called whispering dome, because there is an excellent acoustic system in the dome. It makes even the faintest whisper echo around the dome nine times. Japortant Dates to Remnember 1336 AD Foundation of Vijayanagar empire laid down by 1509-1530 AD Harihara and Bukka Rule of Krishnadeva Raya 1565 AD Battle of Talikota, in which the Vijayanagar city was rulers were defeated and the destroyed 1347 AD Foundation of Bahmani kingdom laid Lea important Points to Remember 1. Causes of the disintegration of Tughlaq empire: Responsibility of Muhammad responsibility of Firoz Tughlaq, weak successors, invasion of Tuekl Timur, etc. regional dynasties emerged. Asa result, various 2. Vijayanagar Kingdom: The Vijayanagar kingdom was founded by two and Bukka. It had 16 rulers brothers during a period of 230 years from 1336 to 156s AD Harihara 66 History