DNA, Evolution & Ecology Biology Past Paper PDF

**DNA** 1. Which statement is correct? **Answer:** Genotypes cause phenotypes 1. A phenotype that is controlled by a multitude of different genes on different chromosomes is a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ trait **Answer:** is polygenetic 1. Why are sex-linked genetic muta...

**DNA** 1. Which statement is correct? **Answer:** Genotypes cause phenotypes 1. A phenotype that is controlled by a multitude of different genes on different chromosomes is a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ trait **Answer:** is polygenetic 1. Why are sex-linked genetic mutations (color blind) most often impacting males rather than females? **Answer: Males have only 1 x chromosome** 1. DNA has genes that code for the production of what in your cells? **Answer:** Proteins 1. Translation is using DNA code to make mRNA code. **Answer:** False, the answer is transcriptions Which nucleotide is not found in RNA? **Answer:** Thymine 1. An individual can have a change in their allele frequency. **Answer:** False, no 1. What is Natural selection? Answer: The process in which certain animals survive and adapt to their environment (Survival of the finest and reproduction. 1. If I am homozygous recessive and have blond hair and my wife is heterozygous and has black hair, what is the percent chance that our children will have black hair? **Answer:** Bb there's a 50% chance **Evolution** 1. If all alleles are the same, natural selection can not work for that trait? **Answer:** True 1. When do species look/act the same even though they are distant relatives? **Answer:** Convergent evolution 3 if an organism has higher Ecological **fitness** it will have? **Answer: A l**ot of babies 1. A genetic mutation is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \*\*Answer:\*\*A genetic mutation **can be considered \"bad,\" \"good,\" or cause \"no change\" depending on its effect on the organism** 1. Microevolution is the evolution of a new species (speciation) **Answer:** False, the answer is Macroevolution. Microevolution it's just Small-scale changes within a species. 1. The term evolution can be used to describe - \[ \] Creation of new species via natural selection (Divergent Selection) - \[ \] Shift in allele frequency of a population because of genetic drift. - \[ \] Shift in allele frequency of a population because of natural selection. - \[x\] All of them are correct when the allele frequency of a population loses the extremes (white and Black fur) and more individuals have the average (grey fur) **Answer: S**tabilizing 1. A new mountain range splits a population so they evolve separately. **Answer: A**llopatric speciation 1. The biological species concept is focused on the ability of individuals to successfully mate. 2. **Answer: True** 3. Mate choice (sexual selection) is a type of natural selection **Answer: True** **Ecology** 1. Ecology is the study **of interactions among species and the environment** 2. A species niche is determined by\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Answer:** both abiotic factors and biotic factors 1. If you flew a drone over a population and found the individuals randomly scattered on a landscape you would be describing the **Answer:** Dispersion \*\*\*\* 1. Endemic species have a higher risk of extinction in a given year than cosmopolitan species. **Answer: True** 1. which of these would a population ecologist study? 2. Can two species live in the same area if their niches overlap substantially? **Answer: No, if niche overlap is to great one will have a compitation advanatge** 1. Which interaction has a positive impact on one species and no impact on the other (not bad or good)? Answer: 1. Which interaction has a positive impact on one species and no impact on the other (not bad or good)? Answer: commensalism 1. Which would not be a study for an ecosystem ecologist? A. Recycling of Nitrogen from soils to plants to animals and back into soil **B.** flow of energy through sun to plants to animals **C.** how carbon is retained in forests more than in grasslands how efficient lions are at catching different prey species? 1. Climate change is primarily caused by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_? **Answer the release of carbon dioxide from burning coal, gas, and gasoline** 1. Your gut microbiome is an ecological community **Answer: True** 1. What is community succession? **Answer: The process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time**