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8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet Which of the following has independent gametophyte and sporophyte stages?...

8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet Which of the following has independent gametophyte and sporophyte stages? A. Pine trees B. Lady ferns B. Lady ferns C. Ryegrass D. Oak trees From the given cladogram, what conclusion can be drawn? A. There is a polytomy present between rhesus and humans B. Groups are separated by instances of adaptive D. A clade is present that includes the radiation mouse, rat and their common ancestor C. Humans and chimps are members of the outgroup D. A clade is present that includes the mouse, rat and their common ancestor E. The opossum branch represents the root of this cladogram Which of the following DNA strands would have the highest melting point? A. GCTATATC CGATATAG B. AACTAGTA TTGATCAT C. C. CCGTGACC CCGTGACC GGCACTGG GGCACTGG D. TACCTAGC ATGGATCG E. TTAATGAA AATTACTT In DNA, adenine bonds with thymine through ___ hydrogen bonds; whereas cytosine 2/3 bonds with guanine through ___ hydrogen bonds. ____ factors are environmental interactions that affect the ecological community at a Density-dependent greater magnitude with an increasing population. Termites leave a chemical trail to communicate with each other. What is this trail made of? A. Enzymes B. Pheromones B. Pheromones C. Auxins D. Hormones A bacterium prefers to grow in the presence of oxygen, but can also survive in the absence of oxygen. What is this bacterium an example of? A. Microaerophile D. Facultative anaerobe B. Obligate aerobe C. Obligate anaerobe D. Facultative anaerobe E. Aerotolerant organism https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 49/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet Which of the following are responsible for intracellular transport? A. Cilia and actin B. Keratin and actin D. Kinesin and microtubules C. Myosin and microtubules D. Kinesin and microtubules E. Integrin and actin Bacterial cloning requires each of the following components EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Plasmid B. Taq polymerase B. Taq polymerase C. DNA ligase D. Competent cells E. Restriction enzymes All of the following are true of the lymphatic system EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Contain one way valves B. Drains into the digestive system B. Drains into the digestive system C. Propelled by contraction of smooth muscle as well as skeletal muscle D. Produces B and T cells E. Returns fluids that escaped from blood vessels The lymphatic system returns fluid that has escaped the blood vessels back into the _____ circulatory system. Holoblastic cleavage would be expected in all of the following animals EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Humans D. Birds B. Sea urchins C. Frogs D. Birds ___ cleavage occurs through the entire embryo and is typical of eggs that do not contain a lot of yolk (sea urchins, humans) or only moderate yolk (frogs). Holoblastic Meroblastic ___ cleavage is cleavage that does not occur throughout the entire embryo, causing the majority of division to happen at the animal pole; this type of cleavage occurs in eggs with lots of yolk (fish, birds, reptiles). The following graph represents a survivorship curve for what type of species? A. K-selected B. r-selected B. r-selected C. Late-successional D. Climax E. Equilibrium A diploid organism has a haploid chromosome number n=15. How many chromatids would you expect to find during metaphase II of meiosis in one of the daughter cells? B. 30 A. 15 B. 30 diploid number = 30 C. 60 D. 120 https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 50/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet Which of the following biological laboratory tools is correctly associated with its lab technique? A. Gel electrophoresis - gene cloning D. Restriction enzymes - shotgun B. Electron microscopy - amino acid sequencing sequencing C. Hemocytometer - recombinant DNA D. Restriction enzymes - shotgun sequencing E. DNA probe - cell fractionation is a laboratory technique that utilizes restriction enzymes to determine the DNA Shotgun sequencing sequence of an organism's genome. Where does the majority of reabsorption take place in the nephron? A. Ascending limb of the loop of Henle B. Bowman's capsule E. Proximal convoluted tubule C. Collecting duct D. Distal convoluted tubule E. Proximal convoluted tubule If a person was injected with a hypodermic needle, what dermal layers would the needle penetrate in order? A. Dermis, epidermis, hypodermis C. Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis B. Adipose, epithelial, connective C. Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis D. Stratum basale, epithelial, connective If a woman has circulating anti-A, anti-B, and anti-Rh antibodies, what is her blood type? A. Type AB- C. Type O- B. Type AB+ C. Type O- D. Type O+ Which of the following communities has the greatest amount of species diversity? A. 60 grasshoppers, 30 birds, 5 giraffes, 5 lions E. 25 grasshoppers, 25 birds, 25 giraffes, 25 B. 50 giraffes, 50 lions lions C. 40 birds, 40 giraffes, 20 lions D. 40 grasshoppers, 40 birds, 10 giraffes, 10 lions E. 25 grasshoppers, 25 birds, 25 giraffes, 25 lions Which of the following has a similar function to the inner mitochondrial membrane? A. Thylakoid membrane in chloroplast B. Cisternae in Golgi complex A. Thylakoid membrane in chloroplast C. Nuclear envelope D. Intermembrane space in chloroplast E. Endoplasmic reticulum Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of a steroid hormone? A. Activate G proteins B. Act as transcription factors B. Act as transcription factors C. Travel to the Golgi apparatus for processing D. Embed into the cellular membrane ___ hormones can diffuse easily through cell membranes; these hormones act directly Lipid on DNA to cause changes in transcription. https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 51/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet The presence of which of the following would help distinguish between a bacterial cell and a plant cell? A. Linear chromosomes A. Linear chromosomes B. Ribosomes C. Cell wall D. Flagella E. Photosynthesis Which of the following mechanisms is used to turn off the expression of a gene? A. Histone acetylation B. DNA methylation B. DNA methylation C. Repressible enzymes D. Single-stranded DNA binding proteins E. Euchromatin formation All of the following are composed of a polymer EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Adenine B. Trypsin A. Adenine C. DNA D. Glycogen E. Chitin Which of the following pairs of classification levels are most closely related? A. Kingdom and order B. Family and genus B. Family and genus C. Phylum and order D. Family and species E. Class and genus All of the following result in genetic variation EXCEPT for one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Fertilization B. Anaphase of mitosis B. Anaphase of mitosis C. Crossing over D. Random union of egg and sperm E. Metaphase I of meiosis B. 20 Two individuals with the genotype AaBBCc and AaBbcc produce a F1 generation of 320 offspring. How many individuals would be expected to have the genotype aaBBCc? Aa x Aa = 1/4 aa A. 10 BB x Bb = 1/2 BB B. 20 Cc x cc = 1/2 Cc C. 40 1/4 x 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/16 D. 80 1/16 (320) = 20 E. 160 Which of the following lab techniques can be used to detect the presence of p53 protein inside a cell? A. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay B. Immunofluorescence microscopy B. Immunofluorescence microscopy C. Pulse-chase analysis D. Southern blotting E. Centrifugation What is the function of lacteals in the digestive system? A. Absorb fats in the small intestine B. Neutralize acidic chyme from the stomach A. Absorb fats in the small intestine C. Mechanically separate food in the stomach D. Absorb water in the large intestine E. Emulsify fats in the small intestine https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 52/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet Which of these represents an embryo during the 12-16 cell stage? A. Morula B. Epiblast A. Morula C. Blastomere D. Blastula E. Gastrula The ___ phase of embryogenesis typically starts around 128 cells. It is characterized by blastula the formation of a hollow, fluid-filled cavity, called a blastocoel, in the middle of the mass of dividing cells. All of the following are mechanisms for enzymes catalyzing reactions EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Conformational changes that bring reactive groups closer E. Donating reactant groups B. The presence of acidic or basic groups C. Induced fit of the enzyme-substrate complex D. Electrostatic attractions between the enzyme and substrate E. Donating reactant groups Which of the following structures would you expect to see in both fungi and bacteria? A. Nuclear membrane, plasma membrane, and spliceosomes B. Nuclear membrane, cytoplasm, and a cell wall C. DNA, a plasma membrane, and ribosomes C. DNA, a plasma membrane, and ribosomes D. Plasma membrane, a cell wall, and hyphae E. Cytoplasm, chromatin, and a cell wall Which of the following is a component of the axial skeleton? A. Tibia B. Tarsals D. Rib cage C. Pelvis D. Rib cage E. Humerus From the given pedigree, what is the most likely pattern of inheritance of this condition? A. Y-linked recessive C. Autosomal recessive B. X-linked recessive C. Autosomal recessive D. Autosomal dominant If a condition is an X or Y-linked recessive trait, the ___ must have the condition to pass it father down to the offspring. Which limbic structure is responsible for the consolidation of memories? A. Hippocampus B. Hypothalamus A. Hippocampus C. Cerebellum D. Dura mater E. Parietal lobe Which of the following activates pancreatic proteases? A. Enteropeptidase B. Pepsinogen A. Enteropeptidase C. Chymotrypsinogen D. Hydrochloric acid E. Bicarbonate ion https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 53/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet Which germ layer develops into the circulatory system? A. Ectoderm B. Mesoderm B. Mesoderm C. Dermis D. Neural tube E. Endoderm If a population of lions becomes separated by a river, which process is most likely to eventually diverge them into separate species? A. Allopatric speciation A. Allopatric speciation B. Sympatric speciation C. Adaptive radiation D. Disruptive selection E. Natural speciation In a breed of rabbit, a dominant allele produces a black coat and a recessive allele produces a brown coat. The gene for coat coloring is known to be haploinsufficient. If an offspring inherits one black coat allele and one null allele, what is the color of the rabbit? E. No pigmentation A. Black B. Brown C. Black and brown patches D. Intermediate phenotype between black and brown E. No pigmentation A ____ gene means that one copy of a wild type gene is not sufficient to achieve a normal phenotype. haploinsufficient haplosufficient In contrast, a ____ gene means that one copy of a wild type gene is sufficient to achieve a normal phenotype. Which of the following is involved in cell-mediated immunity? A. Granulocytes B. B cells D. T cells C. Histamine D. T cells E. Platelets What is the result when chlorophyll is hit with white light? A. All wavelengths of light are absorbed B. Red and blue wavelengths of light are B. Red and blue wavelengths of light are absorbed absorbed C. Green light is absorbed D. Blue and red wavelengths of light are reflected black An object is seen as ___ if it absorbs all colors of the visible spectrum. A ___ object white reflects all colors of the visible spectrum equally. What adaptations do herbivores have that aid them with their diet that carnivores do not have? A. Sharp teeth C. Large cecum and long intestines B. High metabolism C. Large cecum and long intestines D. Low surface area to volume ratio A woman's second child suffers from extreme anemia caused by erythroblastosis fetalis. What must be the blood type of the woman and her first child for this to occur? A. Rh+ mother with Rh- baby C. Rh- mother with Rh+ baby B. Rh+ mother with Rh+ baby C. Rh- mother with Rh+ baby D. Rh- mother with Rh- baby https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 54/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet Which of the following most accurately represents the results of this bacterial survivability study? A. None of the species can survive past 40% salinity B. S. mitis and A. naeslundii have overlapping survivabilities E. H. parainfluenzae has a unique adaptation C. S. sanguinis is best adapted to changing not seen in the other species environments D. S. sanguinis and H. parainfluenzae are likely the most similar species E. H. parainfluenzae has a unique adaptation not seen in the other species According to the phylogenetic tree shown below, which of the following statements is true? A. Eagles do not possess any of the traits that precede the alligator root C. Eagles and alligators share a more recent B. Eagles lack a common ancestor with chimpanzees common ancestor and salamanders C. Eagles and alligators share a more recent common ancestor D. Eagles and alligators form an outgroup Which layer of the epidermis directly connects to the basement membrane? A. Stratum lucidum B. Stratum granulosum C. Stratum basale C. Stratum basale D. Stratum spinosum E. Stratum corneum What is the function of the thalamus? A. Processing memories and emotions relating to fear B. Relay center between the body and brain B. Relay center between the body and brain C. Coordination of movement D. Long-term learning and memory A dihybrid cross is performed where white coats (W) and black eyes (B) are dominant over yellow coats (w) and red eyes (b). Given that the ww genotype is lethal, what would be the expected phenotypic percentage of white coat red eyes offspring born B. 25% from this cross? A. 0% WwBb x WwBb B. 25% C. 50% D. 75% E. 100% examines the pattern of inheritance for two genes when heterozygous individuals are A dihybrid cross crossed. Which protein are cytoskeletal microfilaments composed of? A. Tubulin B. Troponin D. Actin C. Keratin D. Actin E. Myosin https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 55/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet Which of the following cellular transport mechanisms involve the intake of a dissolved substance within a coated vesicle? A. Cyclosis D. Receptor-mediated endocytosis B. Secondary active transport C. Phagocytosis D. Receptor-mediated endocytosis In ______, the cell invaginates such that it can engulf dissolved materials within a coated vesicle or receptor-mediated endocytosis receptor ligands Which of the following promoter regions is most likely to initiate transcription? A.TCGAGGA AGCTCCT B.ACGTTCG TGCAAGC E.GATTAAT C.AAGCAAT CTAATTA TTCGTTA D.CGGCCGA GCCGGCT E.GATTAAT CTAATTA Consecutive pairs of___ and ___ bases signal the beginning of transcription. A and T The ____ is an example of a highly conserved A and T sequence found in the promoter TATA box region of many eukaryotic genes. Which of the following is true of linked genes? A. Same genes on different gametes B. Different genes on different gametes C. Different genes on the same chromosome C. Different genes on the same chromosome D. Same genes on different chromosomes E. Different genes on different chromosomes Which of the following layers covers the surface of cortical bone? A. Elastic cartilage B. Endosteum C. Periosteum C. Periosteum D. Cancellous bone E. Articular cartilage periosteum The ___ is a protective fibrous membrane that covers the cortical bone. endosteum The ___ is a single-layer membrane that covers the cancellous bone. What is the function of the thalamus? A. Processing memories and emotions relating to fear B. Relay center between the body and brain B. Relay center between the body and brain C. Coordination of movement D. Long-term learning and memory The ___ is part of the limbic system and is responsible for relaying sensory and motor thalamus signals from the body and relaying them to the brain. The majority of the cytoplasm in a developing zygote originates from where? A. Allantois B. Sertoli cells C. Oocyte C. Oocyte D. Sperm E. Endometrium https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 56/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet The ___ is much larger than the sperm, and when fertilization occurs it contributes oocyte ribosomes, mitochondria, and the vast majority of cytoplasm to the resulting zygote. All of the following occur during G2 EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Genome is checked for DNA errors C. Centrosome are replicated B. Cell is checked for adequate amounts of maturation promoting factor C. Centrosome are replicated D. Organelles are replicated S Centrosomes are duplicated during the ____ phase. What is the function of the cortical reaction? A. Produce the fast block to polyspermy C. Form a fertilization envelope to prevent B. Release hydrolytic enzymes from the sperm cell polyspermy C. Form a fertilization envelope to prevent polyspermy D. Allow binding of sperm to zona pellucida E. Help the embryo to implant into the uterus The ___ block of polyspermy happens as soon as the sperm's membrane has fused with fast the egg's membrane; it causes the egg's membrane to depolarize to prevent other sperm from binding. The ___ ___ is known as the slow block of polyspermy; ___ release causes cortical granules to be released, cortical reaction / calcium which form an impenetrable fertilization envelope around the outside of the egg. A population of sheep is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The trait for black wool is C. 48 dominant, and the trait for white wool is recessive. Out of 100 sheep, 84 were found to have black wool. How many sheep are heterozygous? 100-84 = 16 qq A. 24 square root of 16 = 4 q allele B. 36 1-4 = 6 p allele C. 48 Heterozygous allele = 2(4)(6) = 48 D. 60 E. 72 Which of the following would increase the glomerular filtration rate? A. Increase in circulating blood proteins B. Dilation of the afferent arteriole B. Dilation of the afferent arteriole C. Constriction of the renal artery D. Decrease in blood volume E. Decrease in mean arterial pressure glomerular filtration rate The ____ estimates how much blood passes through the glomeruli per minute. Dilation / afferent ___ of the ____ arteriole will increase the glomerular filtration rate. ___ in GFR results in: Increased protein concentration decrease in GFR Vasoconstriction Decreased blood volume ___ in GFR results in: Vasodilation increase in GFR Decreased protein concentration Increased blood volume https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 57/68