Dental Anatomy - Permanent Maxillary Lateral Incisor PDF

First stage Dental Anatomy 5th lecture ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﻜﻴﺔ اﻟﺪاﺋﻤﺔ‬ Permanent Maxillary Lateral Incisor The maxillary lateral incisor is the second tooth from the median lin...

First stage Dental Anatomy 5th lecture ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﻜﻴﺔ اﻟﺪاﺋﻤﺔ‬ Permanent Maxillary Lateral Incisor The maxillary lateral incisor is the second tooth from the median line. It resembles the maxillary central incisor in function, form, and anatomy; but is generally smaller in all dimensions except the length of the root. ‫ﻣﻴﺰات اﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ وﻫﻮ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ‬.‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ ﻫﻲ اﻟﺴﻦ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﺎﺻﻒ‬ Principal Identifying Features ‫ وﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎم أﺻﻐﺮ ﻓﻲ‬.‫اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ واﻟﺸﻜﻞ واﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﺢ‬.‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻷﺑﻌﺎد ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﻃﻮل اﻟﺠﺬر‬ 1. The crown is more rounded, shorter and narrower mesio-distally than the maxillary central incisor..‫ اﻟﺘﺎج أﻛﺜﺮ اﺳﺘﺪارة وأﻗﺼﺮ وأﺿﻴﻖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺴﻴﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ‬.1 2. The mesio-incisal angle is acute and the disto-incisal angle is more rounded..‫ اﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺣﺎدة واﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪة أﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻘﺮﻳ ًﺒﺎ‬.2 3. It has a single root with a tapered, distally curved, pointed apex..‫ ﻟﻪ ﺟﺬر واﺣﺪ ذو ﻗﻤﺔ ﻣﺪﺑﺒﺔ وﻣﻨﺤﻨﻴﺔ إﻟﻰ أﻗﺼﻰ اﻟﺤﺪود‬.3 4. The lingual fossa is more concave than that of the maxillary central incisor. ً.‫ﺗﻘﻌﺮا ﻣﻦ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ اﻟﺤﻔﺮة اﻟﻠﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ أﻛﺜﺮ‬.4 Labial Aspect ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ اﻟﺸﻔﻮي‬ 1. The crown is shorter and narrower than that of the maxillary central incisor, but the root is as long as that of the maxillary central incisor or longer. ‫ ﻟﻜﻦ اﻟﺠﺬر ﻳﻜﻮن ﺑﻨﻔﺲ‬،‫ اﻟﺘﺎج أﻗﺼﺮ وأﺿﻴﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺎج اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ‬.1.‫ﻃﻮل اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ أو أﻃﻮل‬ 2. The labial surface of the crown is more convex than that of the maxillary central incisor..‫ اﻟﺴﻄﺢ اﻟﺸﻔﻬﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﺎج أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺑًﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ‬.2 3. The mesial outline resembles that of the maxillary central incisor with more rounded mesio-incisal angle, with the crest of curvature (contact point) located between the middle and incisal ‫ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ اﻹﻧﺴﻲ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰي اﻟﻔﻜﻲ ﺑﺰاوﻳﺔ ﻗﺎﻃﻌﺔ وﺳﻄﻴﺔ أﻛﺜﺮ‬.3 thirds..‫ ﻣﻊ وﺟﻮد ﻗﻤﺔ اﻻﻧﺤﻨﺎء )ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻻﺗﺼﺎل( ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺜﻠﺜﻴﻦ اﻷوﺳﻂ واﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﻲ‬،‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳ ًﺒﺎ‬ 4. The distal outline is more rounded, with the crest of curvature (contact point) at the center of the middle third..‫ ﻣﻊ ﻗﻤﺔ اﻻﻧﺤﻨﺎء )ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻻﺗﺼﺎل( ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﻠﺚ اﻷوﺳﻂ‬،‫ اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ اﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪ أﻛﺜﺮ اﺳﺘﺪارة‬.4 5. The root tapers evenly, and curves distally at the apex..‫ وﻳﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ أﻗﺼﻰ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻘﻤﺔ‬،‫ ﻳﺘﻨﺎﻗﺺ اﻟﺠﺬر ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺴﺎوي‬.5 Dr Ahmed Alkhafaji 2024-2023 1/4 First stage Dental Anatomy 5th lecture Lingual Aspect 1. The mesial and distal marginal ridges and the lingual portion of the incisal ridge are well marked, with a more concaved lingual fossa. ‫ اﻟﺤﻮاف اﻟﻬﺎﻣﺸﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ واﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪة واﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﻠﺴﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﻴﺔ‬.1.‫ﺗﻘﻌﺮا‬ ً ‫ ﻣﻊ وﺟﻮد ﺣﻔﺮة ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ أﻛﺜﺮ‬،‫ﻣﺤﺪدة ﺟﻴﺪً ا‬ 2. The cingulum is prominent, with a tendency toward seeing a deep developmental groove within the lingual fossa, often with a lingual pit. ‫ وﻏﺎﻟﺒ ﺎ ﻣﺎ‬،‫ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻴﻞ ﻧﺤﻮ رؤﻳﺔ أﺧﺪود ﺗﻄﻮري ﻋﻤﻴﻖ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺤﻔﺮة اﻟﻠﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬،‫ اﻟﺤﺰام اﻟﺤﺰاﻣﻲ ﺑﺎرز‬. 2 ً.‫ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﻊ ﺣﻔﺮة ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ Mesial Aspect 1. The crown is narrower labio-lingualy than the maxillary central incisor..‫ اﻟﺘﺎج أﺿﻴﻖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ اﻟﺸﻔﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ‬. 1 2. The curvature of the cervical line is less than that of the maxillary central incisor..‫ اﻧﺤﻨﺎء اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻌﻨﻘﻲ أﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻧﺤﻨﺎء اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ‬. 2 3. The root appears as a tapered cone, and a line bisecting the root bisects the incisal ridge, which is well developed..‫ واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺟﻴﺪ‬،‫ واﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﺬي ﻳﺸﻄﺮ اﻟﺠﺬر ﻳﺸﻄﺮ اﻟﺤﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ‬،‫ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺠﺬر ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﺨﺮوط ﻣﺪﺑﺐ‬. 3 Distal Aspect 1. The curvature of the cervical line distally is less than that mesially..‫ اﻧﺤﻨﺎء اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻌﻨﻘﻲ اﻟﻘﺎﺻﻲ أﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ إﻧﺴﻲ‬. 1 2. It is common to find a developmental groove extending distally to the root..‫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﺎﺋﻊ اﻟﻌﺜﻮر ﻋﻠﻰ أﺧﺪود ﺗﻨﻤﻮي ﻳﻤﺘﺪ إﻟﻰ أﻗﺼﻰ اﻟﺠﺬر‬. 2 Incisal Aspect 1. The incisal aspect resembles that of the maxillary central incisor, but the cingulum and incisal ridge may be large..‫ ﻟﻜﻦ اﻟﺤﺰام واﻟﺤﺮف اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﻲ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻧﺎن ﻛﺒﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬،‫ اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﻲ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﻣﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ‬. 1 Dr Ahmed Alkhafaji 2024-2023 2/4 First stage Dental Anatomy 5th lecture (‫اﻻﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎت ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج اﻟﻨﻤﻮذﺟﻲ )اﻟﺸﺬوذ‬ Variations from the typical form (Anomalies) 1. Peg-shape lateral incisor, with a thin root and a small conical crown. 2. The maxillary lateral incisor may be congenitally missing. 3. Large developmental groove on the distal aspect extending to the root.‫ ذات ﺟﺬر رﻓﻴﻊ وﺗﺎج ﻣﺨﺮوﻃﻲ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ‬،‫ ﻗﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ وﺗﺪ‬. 1 ً.‫ﺧﻠﻘﻴﺎ‬ ‫ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻔﻘﻮدة‬. 2 ‫ أﺧﺪود ﺗﻨﻤﻮي ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ اﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪ ﻳﻤﺘﺪ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺠﺬر‬. 3 Fig: peg shaped lateral incisor ‫ ﻗﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ وﺗﺪ‬:‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ Key notes: :‫اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺎت اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬  First evidence of calcification: 10-12 months ‫ﺷﻬﺮا‬ ً 12-10 :‫أول دﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻜﻠﺲ‬  Enamel completed: 4-5 years ‫ ﺳﻨﻮات‬5-4 :‫اﻛﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﻴﻨﺎ‬  Eruption 8-9 years ‫ ﺳﻨﻮات‬9-8 ‫ﺛﻮران‬  Root completed 11 years ‫ ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‬11 ‫أﻛﻤﻞ اﻟﺠﺬر‬ Dr Ahmed Alkhafaji 2024-2023 3/4 First stage Dental Anatomy 5th lecture ‫اﻻﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎت اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ اﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ واﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻴﺔ‬ Main differences between maxillary central and lateral incisors ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ اﻟﻔﻜﻴﺔ‬ Maxillary central incisor Maxillary lateral incisor ‫ اﻟﺘﺎج أﻃﻮل‬.1 1. The crown is longer and 1. The crown is shorter and ‫وأوﺳﻊ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬.‫اﻟﺘﺎج أﻗﺼﺮ وأﺿﻴﻖ‬.‫اﻻﻧﺴﻴﺔ‬ wider mesio-distally. narrower. 2. Mesial outline is slightly 2. Mesial outline is similar to ‫ﻳﺸﺒﻪ اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ اﻹﻧﺴﻲ‬ ‫ اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ‬.2 ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰي اﻟﻔﻜﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻲ ﻣﺤﺪب‬ convex with a crest of maxillary central incisor with ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻮي ﺑﺰاوﻳﺔ ﻗﺎﻃﻌﺔ‬ ً ‫ﻗﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﻼ ﻣﻊ ﻗﻤﺔ‬ curvature near the mesio- acute and more rounded mesio- ‫إﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﺣﺎدة وأﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫اﻧﺤﻨﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮب ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺪارة ﻣﻊ ﻗﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ‬ incisal angle. incisal angle with the crest of ‫اﻧﺤﻨﺎء ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺜﻠﺚ‬.‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫ اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ اﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺤﺪب أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ اﻷﻧﺴﻲ‬.3 curvature between middle and ‫اﻷوﺳﻂ واﻟﺜﻠﺚ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻗﻤﺔ اﻻﻧﺤﻨﺎء أﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺤﻮ اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻌﻨﻘﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮب‬.‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﻲ‬.‫ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ واﻟﺜﻠﺜﻴﻦ اﻷوﺳﻂ‬incisal thirds. 3. Distal outline is more 3. Distal outline is more rounded Labial convex than mesial outline and the crest of curvature is at aspect with the crest of curvature the center of the middle third. ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ اﻟﺸﻔﻮي‬ being higher toward the ‫ اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻂ اﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪ أﻛﺜﺮ اﺳﺘﺪارة وﻗﻤﺔ اﻻﻧﺤﻨﺎء ﺗﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ‬.3 ‫ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﻠﺚ اﻷوﺳﻂ‬ cervical line near the ‫ وﻳﺘﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬،‫ اﻟﺠﺬر أﻃﻮل ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ‬.4 junction of the incisal & the.‫ﻣﺘﺴﺎوي وﻳﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ أﻗﺼﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻤﺔ ﻣﺪﺑﺒﺔ‬ middle thirds..‫ﺗﻘﻌﺮا‬ ً ‫ ﺣﺰام أﻛﺜﺮ ﺑﺮو ًزا ﻣﻊ ﺣﻔﺮة ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ أﻛﺜﺮ‬.5 4. The root is shorter with a 4. The root is longer than cone shaped and blunt apex. maxillary central incisor, tapers.‫ اﻟﺠﺬر أﻗﺼﺮ وﻟﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﺨﺮوﻃﻲ وﻗﻤﺔ ﺣﺎدة‬.4 evenly and curves distally in a.‫ اﻟﺴﻤﺎت اﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﺤﻴﺔ اﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﺤﺪدة ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺟﻴﺪ‬.5 pointed apex. Lingual 5. Well defined lingual 5. More prominent cingulum with aspect anatomical features. a more concave lingual fossa. Mesial 6. The crown is wider labio- 6. The crown is narrower ‫ اﻟﺘﺎج أﺿﻴﻖ ﻣﻦ‬.6 ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ اﻟﺸﻔﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻊ‬ aspect lingually with a pronounced labiolingually with the curvature ‫اﻧﺤﻨﺎء ﺧﻂ ﻋﻨﻖ‬ curvature of the cervical of the cervical line less.‫اﻟﺮﺣﻢ أﻗﻞ وﺿﻮﺣﺎ‬ ‫ اﻟﺘﺎج أوﺳﻊ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ اﻟﺸﻔﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻊ‬.6 line..‫اﻧﺤﻨﺎء واﺿﺢ ﻟﺨﻂ ﻋﻨﻖ اﻟﺮﺣﻢ‬ pronounced. Distal 7. No developmental groove 7. A developmental groove ‫ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﻌﺜﻮر‬.7 aspect extending to the root. extending from the side of the ‫ﻋﻠﻰ أﺧﺪود‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮري ﻳﻤﺘﺪ ﻣﻦ‬.‫ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ أﺧﺪود ﺗﻨﻤﻮي ﻳﻤﺘﺪ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺠﺬر‬.7 cingulum to the root may be ‫ﺟﺎﻧﺐ اﻟﺤﺰام‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺰاﻣﻲ إﻟﻰ‬ found..‫اﻟﺠﺬر‬ Dr Ahmed Alkhafaji 2024-2023 4/4