Cushing's vs. Addison's Diseases PDF
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This document provides an overview of Cushing's and Addison's diseases, detailing their symptoms, risk factors, complications, and treatments. It includes information on nursing considerations for patients with these conditions, such as monitoring vital signs and fluid balances.
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Cushings Disease: -Disorder of the adrenal cortex -Due to long term steroid use -ex: COPD patients -Patho: overuse of cortisol/steroid meds causing an increase in cortisol, aldosterone and antigens -Risk Factors: women, TUMOR IN ADRENAL GLAND, overuse of cortisol...
Cushings Disease: -Disorder of the adrenal cortex -Due to long term steroid use -ex: COPD patients -Patho: overuse of cortisol/steroid meds causing an increase in cortisol, aldosterone and antigens -Risk Factors: women, TUMOR IN ADRENAL GLAND, overuse of cortisol meds -Signs and Symptoms: -Cushion: Obese, moon face, buffalo hump -Usual hair growth: hirsuitism -Skin: purple striae, butterfly mark -High sugar, B/P, and weight -V/S & Labs: CUSHINGS IS PUSHING LEVELS UP -B/P: high (due to high cortisol) -Fluid Volume: high -Weight: high -Blood sugar: high -Sodium: high -Potassium: low -Calcium: low: WATCH FOR OSTEOPOROSIS *FALL RISK* -WBC’s: high -BUN: high -Complications: -Addisonians: due to sudden stop in steroid use -WATCH FOR SUDDEN LOW B/P -Treat by hydrocortisone first then fluids (D5NS) -Osteoporosis -Hypertensive crisis -Treatment: -Bisphosphonates -Replace steroids: to prevent addisonians -Adenalectomy: replace hormones/steroids -Nursing Considerations: -Taper off steroids -Watch for mental changes and body image issues -Diet: low carb/sodium, high potassium/calcium -Monitor glucose Addison’s Disease: -Absent steroids (so we need to add some) -Patho: removal of adrenal glands, TB, cancer, pituitary tumor -Signs and Symptoms: -BRONZED SKIN -Skinny -Salt craving -Hair loss -Amenorrhea -V/S & Labs: -HyperK -Decreased B/P -Decreased glucose -HyperCalcemia -Hyponatremia -Low energy -Low cortisol and aldosterone -Increase BUN -Complications: -Addisonian crisis due to sudden stop in steroid use -WATCH FOR SUDDEN LOW B/P -Treat by hydrocortisone first then fluids (D5NS) -Treatment: -LIFELONG TREATMENT -Glucocorticoid/mineralcorticoid IV: GIVE SECOND -Hydrocortisone shot: GIVE FIRST -Salt -Vasopressin -Nursing Considerations: -Monitor fluid balances -Monitor for seizures -Medical alert bracelet -Report signs of infection -Increase cortisol during high stress times -Tele
