Control Tower Operator (CTO) Study Guide PDF - Feb 2022

CONTROL TOWER OPERATOR (CTO) STUDY GUIDE TS-14-1 FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION Maintained by ATO Safety & Technical Training (AJI) in collaboration with Air Traffic Safety Oversight (AOV) February 2022 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV FOREWORD Purpose: The Control Tower Operator (CTO) Study Guide aids in the completion of the CTO Airmen Written Test. It is approved by the Air Traffic Service for use in technical training. This publication does not replace, substitute for, or supersede official regulations or directives. Cancelation: The Control Tower Operator (CTO) Study Guide, TS-14-1, dated November 2016 is canceled. Review: The Federal Personnel Manual requires that training programs established under the Government Employees Training Act be based on actual needs. A review of these training needs must be conducted at least once every three years. ____________________________ CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV i THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV ii PREFACE This publication has been prepared by the Air Traffic Division and is designed to support the training requirements of the National Air Traffic Training Program. Recommended changes and corrections to this publication should be forwarded to: DOT/FAA/Air Traffic Organization Safety and Technical Training, AJI-2400 800 Independence Ave SW Room 127 – L’Enfant Plaza Washington, DC 20591 CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV iii THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV iv INTRODUCTION This study guide consists of seven individual areas of learning. Each area is listed in Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR), Section 65.35, and is presented in order of priority. 1. Airport traffic control procedures 2. Flight rules 3. Communications operating procedures 4. Flight assistance service 5. Aviation weather 6. Air navigation and aids to air navigation 7. En route traffic control procedures Complete this study guide, using the reference material as directed. It is recommended that a short break be taken after each hour of continuous study. A score of 70 percent or higher is required to pass the CTO Airmen Written Test. NOTE: RETAIN THE COMPLETED CTO STUDY GUIDE AND REFERENCE MATERIALS AFTER COMPLETION OF THE CTO AIRMEN WRITTEN TEST FOR FUTURE REVIEW. CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV v THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV vi DIRECTIONS The following directions outline the methods to be used in completion of this study guide. Make a sincere effort to complete the study guide in accordance with these directions. Anything less will reduce the effectiveness of the study guide and decrease the possibility of attaining a passing score on the test. 1. Obtain the following reference material before you begin:  FAA Order JO 7110.10, Flight Services  FAA Order JO 7110.65, Air Traffic Control  FAA Order JO 7210.3, Facility Operation and Administration  FAA Order JO 7360.1, Aircraft Type Designators  FAA Order JO 7930.2, Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs)  FAA Order 7900.5, Surface Weather Observing  FAA-H-8083-15, Instrument Flying Handbook  Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM)  AC 00-45, Aviation Weather Services  Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR), Part 61 (Excerpts are located in Appendix A of this study guide.)  Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR), Part 65 (Excerpts are located in Appendix B of this study guide.)  Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR), Part 91 (Excerpts are located in Appendix C of this study guide.)  FAA-H-8083-25, Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge (Excerpts are located in Appendix D of this study guide.) 2. This study guide is divided into seven parts, one for each individual area of learning. Read the overview of each knowledge area first. Each overview contains a brief statement to guide you from subject to subject. It also refers you to reference material. Be sure to read the references in the order in which they are listed, though they may be out of sequence. When a reference is listed, read all associated notes, illustrations, tables, and examples. 3. Each part of the study guide consists of multiple-choice questions. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. DO NOT WRITE IN THIS BOOKLET. 4. The correct answers and their respective references are located at the end of each part. If you answer incorrectly, reread the appropriate reference and correct your answer. 5. If you have questions, consult your instructor or supervisor. CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV vii 6. When you complete this study guide, notify your instructor or supervisor who will then make arrangements to administer the closed-book CTO Airmen Written Test. CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV viii THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV ix PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES OVERVIEW A complete understanding of basic airport traffic control is the first step toward becoming a good air traffic controller. Applying approved procedures in the correct order of duty priority will enable you to keep air traffic flowing smoothly without incident. This is the mark of a professional air traffic controller. Study Chapter 8 of FAA Order JO 7110.10, Flight Services; Chapters 1 through 3, 5, 7, 9, and 10 and Appendix D of FAA Order JO 7110.65, Air Traffic Control. Also review page 192 of FAAH-8083-15, Instrument Flying Handbook; Chapters 10 and 11 of FAA Order JO 7210.3, Facility Operation and Administration; Chapters 3 and 4 and the Pilot/Controller Glossary of the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM); and Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR), Parts 65 and 91. (Excerpts from 14 CFR, Parts 65 and 91, are located in Appendices B and C of this study guide respectively.) CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 1-1 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 1-2 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES 1. Controllers who encounter situations that are NOT covered in JO 7110.65 are expected to ________. A. B. C. D. 2. 3. A. B. C. D. 5. 7. 8. recommended advisable mandatory approved operator and passengers airframe and owner airframe and crew members pilot and crew members The word “altitude” refers to the indicated altitude expressed in mean sea level, ________, or both. A. B. C. D. 9. shall should may will The term “aircraft” includes both the ________. A. B. C. D. one facility more than one facility the Administrator the Flight Standards District Office The word “shall” means a procedure is ________. The word that means futurity, but does NOT imply that a procedure or action is required is “________.” A. B. C. D. appended added supplemental attached Procedural Letters of Agreement require the concurrence of ________. A. B. C. D. 4. exercise their best judgment consult their supervisor consult their training specialist report the situations to FAA Headquarters Procedural Letters of Agreement are ________ to JO 7110.65. A. B. C. D. 6. flight level calibrated altitude true altitude above ground level When used in conjunction with visibility, “miles” refers to ________ miles; otherwise, “miles” means ________ miles. A. B. C. D. nautical; statute partial; full statute; nautical full; partial The word that means a procedure is recommended is “________.” A. B. C. D. shall should may will CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 1-3 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 10. When time is used in the context of a clock reading, hours and minutes are expressed in ________. A. B. C. D. 11. 12. A. B. C. D. 13. 16. traffic alerts safety alerts flight plans weather forecasts CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV separating aircraft issuing traffic marking strips communicating with aircraft When establishing priority of duties, you should consider the ________. A. B. C. D. 17. caution common sense authority good judgment Give first priority to __________ and issuing safety alerts A. B. C. D. half hour quarter hour whole minute quarter minute The first duty priority of an air traffic controller is to separate aircraft and issue ________. A. B. C. D. 15. 15 30 45 60 A time check is given to the nearest ________. When determining priority of duties, a controller should exercise ________. A. B. C. D. Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) Mountain Standard Time (MST) Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) Eastern Standard Time (EST) When reading the time, the change to the next minute is made at the minute plus ________ seconds. A. B. C. D. 14. agency directives facility policy situation at hand consequences When workload, communications, and equipment permit, ________ procedures are preferred. A. B. C. D. radar nonradar local automation 1-4 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 18. The use of nonradar separation is preferred over radar separation when a(n) ________ will be gained. A. B. C. D. 19. 20. A. B. C. D. 22. local en route touch and go all other Provide priority handling to AIR EVAC and HOSP flights when verbally requested by________. A. B. C. D. 24. 25. the pilot military authority the supervisor the airport manager CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV priority minimum maximum no IFR aircraft must have priority over ________ aircraft. A. B. C. D. 27. air show flight check scheduled commercial Provide priority handling and ________ assistance to SAR aircraft performing a SAR mission. A. B. C. D. 26. sea rescue doctor on board MEDEVAC military air ambulance flight Provide priority handling, as required, to expedite ________ aircraft. A. B. C. D. aircraft capacity “first come, first served” traffic flow workload An aircraft in distress have the rightof-way over ________ air traffic.. Provide priority handling to civil air ambulance flights when the pilot, in radio transmissions, verbally identifies the flight by stating _________ followed by the FAA authorized call sign A. B. C. D. adjacent airspace other aircraft airports thunderstorms Provide air traffic control service to aircraft on a(n) ________ basis as circumstances permit. A. B. C. D. 21. operational advantage minute edge pilot advantage A safety alert is issued when a controller recognizes a situation of unsafe aircraft proximity to terrain, obstacles, or ________. A. B. C. D. 23. MEDEVAC SVFR emergency all other USA/USN controllers must remind a military aircraft to check wheels down unless the pilot ________ for the approach. A. B. C. D. requests radio silence requests negative gear check has previously reported wheels down is making a touch-and-go 1-5 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 28. When prompt compliance is required to avoid the development of an imminent situation, use the word ________. A. B. C. D. 29. 30. A. B. C. D. 31. 34. emergency single aircraft priority special operation CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV radar contact you have acknowledged the handoff communication transfer it is in your area of jurisdiction Before allowing an aircraft to enter airspace under another controller’s jurisdiction, a controller must first ________ with the receiving controller. A. B. C. D. 35. delays conflicts handoffs coordination Unless specifically coordinated, assume control of an aircraft only after ________. A. B. C. D. “Minimum fuel” “Low fuel” “Bingo” “No delay” A formation flight shall be controlled as a(n) ________. A. B. C. D. 33. “HURRY” “CLEARED” “EXPEDITE” “IMMEDIATELY” What term do pilots use to inform ATC that they CANNOT accept undue delay at their destination because of low fuel? Transfer control responsibility of an aircraft only after eliminating any potential ________. A. B. C. D. “HURRY” “CLEARED” “EXPEDITE” “IMMEDIATELY” When expeditious compliance is required to avoid an imminent situation, use the word ________. A. B. C. D. 32. exchange frequencies initiate handoff exchange traffic coordinate When must transfer of radio communications for an en route aircraft be accomplished? A. B. C. D. Prior to handoff Before entering the receiving controller’s area Upon request After the aircraft is pointed out to adjoining sectors 1-6 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 36. Respond to another controller’s operational request by restating the request in complete or abbreviated terms followed by the word ________. A. B. C. D. 37. 38. A. B. C. D. 39. local control ground control clearance delivery flight data When a local controller authorizes a vehicle or aircraft under another controller’s jurisdiction to cross an active runway, the local controller must specify the runway preceded by the word(s) ________. A. B. C. D. 41. “TAXI ACROSS” “CROSS” “PROCEED ACROSS” “CLEARED ACROSS” CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 42. field boundary runway numbers approach lights runway threshold Vehicles on or near a movement area should be described in a manner that will assist pilots in ________. A. B. C. D. known predicted expected routine The operating position having primary responsibility for operations on the active runway is ________. Known ground vehicles, equipment, and personnel must be clear of a runway before a departing aircraft starts takeoff or a landing aircraft crosses the ________. A. B. C. D. “CONTACT” “OK” “APPROVED” “ROGER” Air traffic control service is provided based only upon observed or ________ traffic. A. B. C. D. 40. avoiding them determining their intentions contacting them recognizing them An aircraft’s position may be determined visually by the controller or through use of ________. A. a display system B.CEDAR C. a light gun D. an ATIS 43. Local controllers may use certified radar displays to provide a direction or suggested heading to a VFR aircraft as an advisory aid to ________. A. B. C. D. landing navigation final approach radar approach 1-7 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 44. Pilots wishing to exceed the prescribed speed limit in Class C or Class D airspace must ________. A. B. C. D. 45. 46. A. B. C. D. 49. 50. operating position position ATC facility facility CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV essay oral practical multiple-choice At least once during each seven consecutive work days, a controller must have ________ consecutive hours of relief. A. B. C. D. 51. control zones obstructions runway markings construction areas To operate at any operating position, a control tower operator must pass a(n) ________ test on weather reporting procedures and the use of reports. A. B. C. D. controller VFR pilots flight leader squadron commanding officer A practical test on Notice to Airmen procedures is a prerequisite to act as an air traffic control operator at any ________. A practical test on a surface area includes terrain features, visual checkpoints, and ________. A. B. C. D. 21 20 18 17 Separation responsibility between aircraft within a formation during transition to individual control rests with the ________ and the pilots of other aircraft in the flight. A. B. C. D. 47. advise ATC be in a descent request a waiver receive ATC authorization The minimum age requirement to be eligible for a CTO certificate is ________ years. A. B. C. D. 48. 24 16 12 8 An air traffic controller is limited to ________ consecutive hours of duty. A. B. C. D. 12 10 8 2 1-8 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 52. When performing duties as an air traffic controller, controllers shall have their CTO certificate ________. A. B. C. D. 53. 54. A. B. C. D. 57. 58. 2 4 6 8 CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 61 65 91 95 When distances can be determined by suitable landmarks, the separation minima between a Category II aircraft departing behind a Category I departure is ________ feet. A. B. C. D. 59. Class A Class B Class C Class D 14 CFR, Part ________, specifies the required certificates and ratings or qualifications for air traffic control tower operations. A. B. C. D. 2 4 6 8 To meet the application requirements for a facility rating, a military applicant must have satisfactorily served as an air traffic control operator for at least ________ months. What airspace extends from the surface to 2,500 feet above the airport elevation surrounding those airports that have an operational control tower? A. B. C. D. 4 3 2 1 Applicants for a facility rating at any air traffic control tower must have satisfactorily served as an air traffic control tower operator at that control tower without a facility rating for at least ________ months. A. B. C. D. 55. readily available in personnel file on file in the Facility Manager’s office in their training records To meet currency requirements, air traffic control tower operators must have served for at least ________ of the preceding 6 months at the facility for which their facility rating applies. A. B. C. D. 56. 2,500 3,000 4,500 6,000 The minimum separation required for an aircraft taking off on the same runway behind a preceding heavy departure is ________ minute(s). A. B. C. D. 1 2 3 5 1-9 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 60. The minimum separation for an aircraft departing behind a heavy on parallel runways separated by less than 2,500 feet is ________ minute(s). A. B. C. D. 61. B. C. D. 62. B. C. D. A. B. C. D. 65. 66. local traffic conditions controller ability pilot ability aircraft characteristics CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV landing aircraft parking ramp terminal building departing aircraft Issue the position, altitude (if known), and ________ of a super/heavy/B757 when issuing wake turbulence cautionary advisories. A. B. C. D. 67. landing threshold initial point break point touchdown point Restricted low approaches are NOT authorized over an aircraft in takeoff position or a ________. A. B. C. D. restrict the aircraft to a low approach restrict the aircraft’s speed restate the landing runway restate that the runway is closed The approval or disapproval of a pilot request to remain in closed traffic is based on ________. An aircraft conducting an overhead maneuver is on VFR and the IFR flight plan is canceled when the aircraft reaches the ________ on the initial approach portion of the maneuver. A. B. C. D. operation is covered under a Letter of Agreement operation is covered under the facility Standard Operating Procedure pilot requests company requests Controllers action required if an aircraft executing a touch and go to a closed runway is to ________. A. 63. 1 2 3 5 Intersection departures may be initiated or authorized by a controller if the ________. A. 64. speed aircraft type aircraft identification direction of flight Controllers may clear an arriving aircraft to land if they observe a preceding arrival’s position and determine that the prescribed runway separation will exist when the succeeding aircraft crosses the ________. A. B. C. D. approach lights landing threshold field boundary runway numbers 1-10 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 68. During daylight hours when distances can be determined by suitable landmarks, an arriving Category I aircraft must NOT cross the landing threshold until a departing Category I aircraft is airborne and at least ________ feet from the landing threshold. A. B. C. D. 69. 70. A. B. C. D. 72. 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 Simultaneous takeoff and landing operations may be conducted on intersecting runways provided that they are approved by the facility manager, authorized by a facility directive, and conducted ________. in accordance with a Letter of Agreement in accordance with a Standard Operating Procedure in VFR conditions at the request of the pilot CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV A large aircraft is departing on an 8,000foot runway. A small aircraft is ready for takeoff from an intersection on the same runway. The earliest the controller may clear the small aircraft for takeoff is ________ minute(s) after the large aircraft has taken off. A. B. C. D. 1,000 2,500 3,000 4,500 Issue wake turbulence cautionary advisories to aircraft landing behind a departing/arriving super or heavy on a parallel runway separated by less than ________ feet. A. B. C. D. 71. The minimum separation required when an arriving aircraft will fly through the airborne flight path of a departing heavy on a crossing runway is ________ minute(s). A. B. C. D. 73. 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Specific traffic pattern information issued to an arriving aircraft may be omitted if a ________ traffic pattern is in use. A. B. C. D. left right north south 1-11 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 74. Unless requested by the pilot, do NOT issue a downwind takeoff to helicopters if the tailwind exceeds ________ knots. A. B. C. D. 75. 76. A. B. C. D. 79. 80. airport management approach control Local Control Ground Control CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV ½ 1 1½ 2 Authorize simultaneous helicopter landings and takeoffs if the landing/takeoff points are at least 200 feet apart and ________. A. B. C. D. 81. 100 200 300 500 At locations that have a Letter of Agreement for Special VFR helicopter operations, the minimum separation between a Special VFR helicopter and an arriving or departing IFR aircraft 1 mile or more from the airport is ________ mile(s). A. B. C. D. the local time an EFC traffic information direction of turns Operations on the active runway are a primary responsibility of ________. When cleared to air-taxi, a helicopter is expected to remain below ________ feet AGL unless otherwise requested or instructed. A. B. C. D. downwash turbulence drag resistance lift forces noise generation When holding instructions are issued for more than one VFR aircraft at the same visual holding point, the controller must issue ________. A. B. C. D. 77. 3 5 10 15 During taxi and ground movement operations, larger and heavier helicopters show a significant increase in ________. A. B. C. D. 78. the courses have approach lights the pilots have each other in sight the courses to be flown do not conflict a Letter of Agreement exists What phraseology will permit a pilot to make a touch-and-go, low approach, missed approach, or stop-and-go? A. B. C. D. “CLEARED FOR THE RUNWAY.” “CLEARED FOR ANY APPROACH.” “CLEARED FOR THE CHOICE.” “CLEARED FOR THE OPTION.” 1-12 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 82. An aircraft cleared for a low approach is considered to be an arrival until the aircraft crosses the ________. A. B. C. D. 83. 84. A. B. C. D. 87. 88. 500 700 1,400 2,800 CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV airport approach control surface terminal Nonapproach control towers may be authorized to provide visual separation between aircraft within surface areas or designated areas when approved separation is provided_____________ the application of visual separation. A. B. C. D. 89. initial altitude beacon code initial heading center frequency A nonapproach control tower may be authorized to provide visual separation between two aircraft within a(n) ________ area. A. B. C. D. visual lateral runway longitudinal Simultaneous opposite direction aircraft operations on parallel runways between sunset and sunrise are NOT authorized unless runway centerlines are separated by a minimum of ________ feet. Before takeoff, inform departing IFR, SVFR, and VFR aircraft receiving radar service and TRSA VFR aircraft of the appropriate departure control frequency and ________. A. B. C. D. holding hovering runway delays speed adjustments Simultaneous same direction aircraft operations on parallel runways are authorized only during VFR conditions unless ________ separation is applied. A. B. C. D. 85. approach lights field boundary landing threshold runway numbers To achieve proper spacing between helicopters, ________ may be more practical than course changes. A. B. C. D. 86. just prior to during immediately following before and after Separation of IFR aircraft before and after the application of visual separation is a(n) ___________ function. A. B. C. D. IFR control nonapproach control tower Local Control Ground Control 1-13 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 90. Departing IFR civil aircraft should be instructed to contact departure control after takeoff about ________ mile(s) beyond the end of the runway. A. B. C. D. 91. 92. A. B. C. D. 93. C. D. 95. 96. return to the starting point use caution and cross the runway stop depart without delay CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV flash the landing light move the ailerons rock the wings move the rudder Between sunset and sunrise, a helicopter equipped with receiver only should be requested to acknowledge instructions by flashing the landing light or ________. A. B. C. D. 97. cleared to land return for landing (followed by a green light at the proper time) exercise extreme caution give way to other aircraft and continue circling To obtain acknowledgement from an airborne fixed-wing aircraft equipped with receiver only between sunrise and sunset, request the aircraft to ________. A. B. C. D. flashing taxiway lights light signals flashing runway lights rotating beacon An aircraft receiving a flashing white signal light while holding short of an active runway should ________. A. B. C. D. aircraft checklist SID airport signs sectional chart When radio communications CANNOT be employed, aircraft and movement of vehicles on the movement area are controlled by ________. A flashing green light to an aircraft in flight means “________.” A. B. ½ 1 1½ 2 The departure control frequency may be omitted from a departure clearance if the aircraft is assigned a standard instrument departure (SID) and the frequency is published on the ________. A. B. C. D. 94. rocking the tip path plane turning the helicopter toward the controlling facility making a right 360-degree turn flashing the search light The appropriate light signal to use when aircraft are converging and a collision hazard exists is ________. A. B. C. D. alternating red and green flashing red flashing green white 1-14 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 98. Wake turbulence separation minima must continue to touchdown for all aircraft NOT making a visual approach or ________. A. B. C. D. 99. 100. A. B. C. D. 101. D. 104. speed loss or gain on approach displayed field boundary wind boundary wind at the site nearest the runway threshold latest pilot report CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 10 15 20 30 Even though the Low Level Wind Shear Alert System (LLWAS) is NOT in alert status, issue specific field boundary wind information if ________. A. B. C. D. 105. runway threshold departure corridor airport runway When a low-level wind shear/microburst is reported by pilots or detected by LLWAS, the statement “LOW LEVEL WIND SHEAR ADVISORIES IN EFFECT” must be included on the ATIS broadcast for ________ minutes. A. B. C. D. waiver from the FAA Administrator waiver from the Flight Standards District Office Departure Procedure Letter of Agreement When a low-level wind shear/microburst alert is received, issue the Airport Wind (direction and velocity) and the ________. A. B. C. 103. visual separation lateral separation vertical separation longitudinal separation Provide preventive airport traffic control service only to aircraft operating in accordance with a ________. LLWAS is designed to detect conditions only around the periphery of a(n) ________. A. B. C. D. maintaining visual separation being laterally separated instrument approach VOR approach Issue wake turbulence cautionary advisories to IFR aircraft that accept a visual approach or ________ when operating behind an aircraft that requires wake turbulence separation. A. B. C. D. 102. required in a Letter of Agreement required in the facility Standard Operating Procedure requested by the aircraft operator requested by the pilot If a low-level wind shear/microburst alert is received, issue the ________ and the displayed field boundary wind. A. B. C. D. Magnetic Wind Airport Wind speed loss or gain on approach latest pilot report 1-15 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 106. The certificate issued by the FAA that authorizes the holder to act as an air traffic control tower operator is called a(n) ________ certificate. A. B. C. D. 110. facility rating ATCT CTO facility General eligibility requirements for nonFAA employees and active duty military personnel to hold a CTO certificate include a minimum age of 18 years, good moral character, command of the English language, and possession of a(n) ________. A. B. C. D. 107. An endorsement that an applicant has met the requirements to control air traffic at a facility is called a(n) ________. A. B. C. D. 108. 109. A. B. C. D. 112. oral performance written medical A person acting as an air traffic control tower operator involving civil aircraft, who does NOT hold a valid CTO certificate or facility rating at that location, must be under the supervision of a holder of a(n) ________ for that control tower. area rating facility rating medical certificate facility certificate CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV Skill requirements for operating positions in a control tower include the passing of a(n) ________ test. A. B. C. D. facility rating area rating CTO certificate facility certificate Before a CTO certificate can be issued, each applicant must pass a(n) ________ examination. A. B. C. D. 111. essay practical oral multiple-choice An air traffic control tower operator may NOT issue an IFR clearance without approval of the facility having ________ that location. A. B. C. D. 113. valid driver’s license valid pilot’s license appropriate current medical certificate appropriate facility rating area control at VFR control at IFR control at communications with NO person may perform the duties of an air traffic controller, even if holding a CTO certificate, unless that person holds a current ________. A. B. C. D. area rating facility rating pilot’s license medical certificate 1-16 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) B B A 114. Aircraft A, a Category II, is on final approach. Aircraft B, a Category III, is departing on the same runway. The minimum distance required for separation between the two aircraft using suitable landmarks as a reference is ________ feet. A. B. C. D. C. D. Aircraft A is departing Runway 10. Aircraft B is on final approach to Runway 16. Ensure that aircraft B does NOT cross the landing threshold until aircraft A has departed and passed the ________. A. B. C. D. A Aircraft A has landed and aircraft B is on final approach to the same runway. Both aircraft are Category III. Ensure that aircraft B does NOT cross the landing threshold until aircraft A has ________. A. B. 116. 2,500 3,000 4,500 6,000 B 115. A slowed to taxi speed turned off the runway and is clear of the hold position marking landed and is clear of the runway started a turn off the runway CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV B 117. intersection tower 3000 foot remaining VOR" A Separate aircraft B from aircraft A using the same runway by ensuring that aircraft B does not cross the landing threshold until aircraft A has landed and ____________ or aircraft B is issued an Altitude Restricted Low Approach A. is faster than aircraft B B. will be through the runway intersection will clear the runway is at taxi speed when aircraft B crosses the landing threshold C. D. 1-17 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 118. The reduced runway separation minimum between a Category III departure followed by a Category I arrival is ________ feet. A. B. C. D. 119. C. D. 120. 2,500 3,000 4,500 6,000 Separate an arriving aircraft using one runway from another aircraft on an intersecting runway or a nonintersecting runway when the flight paths intersect by ensuring that the arriving aircraft does NOT cross the landing threshold or flight path until the preceding aircraft has ________. A. B. D. During Land and Hold Short Operations on intersecting runways, issue the measured distance from the landing threshold to the intersection, rounded down to the nearest ________ feet if requested by either aircraft. A. B. C. D. 122. 10 50 100 500 A condition for conducting Land and Hold Short Operations on intersecting runways is that both runways must be dry with NO braking action reports of less than ________. A. B. C. D. nil poor medium good arrived or departed departed and passed the intersection/flight path or is airborne and turning to avoid conflict reached taxi speed crossed the landing threshold or started takeoff roll Land and Hold Short Operations must only be conducted ________. A. B. C. 121. in VFR conditions at nonapproach control towers with the concurrence of the departure controller in accordance with a Letter of Agreement CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 123. A provision for conducting a simultaneous operation on intersecting runways is that both aircraft involved must be issued ________. A. B. C. D. a wind report an altimeter setting feet remaining traffic information 1-18 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 124. The term “high key” relates to a(n) ________ approach. A. B. C. D. 125. 126. overhead VOR TACAN simulated flameout On an overhead approach, the initial approach is ________ nautical miles in length. A. B. C. D. C. D. 129. 130. not visible from the tower less than 500 feet from the approach end a high speed taxiway not an authorized departure point While conducting simultaneous landings on intersecting runways, the maximum allowable tailwind for a landing aircraft that has been instructed to hold short of an intersection is ________. A. B. C. D. no tailwind 5 knots 8 knots 10 knots CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV Traffic flow Expected traffic Severe weather activity Request from the airport operator Controllers must provide air traffic control service in accordance with the procedures and minima in FAA Order JO 711.65, except when a deviation is necessary to conform with ________ A. B. C. D. company policy “see and be seen” rules ICAO documents or rules of the air pilot policy Reporting essential flight information includes any flight conditions that may have an adverse effect on ________. A. B. C. D. 131. 127. What factor should be considered when determining which runways are to be designated as “active” runways? A. B. C. D. 5 to 10 5 3 to 5 3 Do NOT authorize an aircraft to line up and wait at an intersection at any time when the intersection is ________. A. B. 128. air safety gate time landing time aircraft sequencing "Coordinate with the appropriate_____________ for transit authorization when you are providing radar traffic advisory service to an aircraft that will enter another facility’s airspace." A. B. C. D. control tower airport authority Flight Standards District Office Airport Advisory Service 1-19 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 132. After an aircraft has been issued a clearance to line up and wait on a runway, what is the phraseology used to prevent the aircraft from inadvertently taking off? A. B. C. D. 133. 134. A. B. C. D. 135. 138. altitude speed direction of flight beacon code CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 10 20 30 40 What term describes a physical or automated action taken to transfer the radar identification of an aircraft from one controller to another if the aircraft will enter the receiving controller’s airspace and radio communications with the aircraft will NOT be transferred? A. B. C. D. 139. type exact heading company identification Identify a primary radar beacon target by observing the target make an identifying turn of ________ degrees or more. A. B. C. D. as traffic permits as time permits when requested by an observer when you deem it necessary When issuing traffic to radaridentified aircraft, state the azimuth and distance from the aircraft and the ________. A. B. C. D. 137. “EMERGENCY” “HELP” “MAYDAY” “PAN-PAN” Inform an aircraft of any observed abnormal aircraft condition when requested by a pilot or ________. Local controllers may use certified tower radar displays to determine an aircraft’s exact location, spatial relationship to other aircraft, or ________. A. B. C. D. “TAXI CLEAR OF THE RUNWAY.” “HOLD FOR LANDING TRAFFIC.” “HOLD IN POSITION.” “REMAIN IN POSITION.” A pilot encountering an distress condition should broadcast ________preferably three times. A. B. C. D. 136. Handoff Point out Radar contact Quick look Transfer radar identification from one controller to another to provide ________ radar service. A. B. C. D. terminal continuous sector en route 1-20 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 140. What procedure permits one controller to transfer radar identification of an aircraft to another controller, request approval for an aircraft to enter another controller’s airspace, and retain radio communications with the aircraft? A. B. C. D. 141. 142. A. B. C. D. 143. 146. “POINT OUT APPROVED” “APPROVED” “RADAR CONTACT” “CONTACT” CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV radio communications responsibility radar identification control Do NOT approve a pilot’s request to conduct aerobatic practice activities within surface areas of Class B, C, or D airspace unless operating in accordance with a ________. A. B. C. D. 147. radar handoff point out stripmarking strip transfer Except where it is NOT operationally feasible, interfacility and intrafacility transfers of ________ must be accomplished in all areas of radar surveillance. A. B. C. D. ends, centers ends, vertices axes, vertices axes, centers What phraseology term is used to inform the controller initiating a handoff that the aircraft is identified and approval is granted for the aircraft to enter the receiving controller’s airspace? A. B. C. D. 145. lines centers axes ends Radar separation shall be applied between the ________ of beacon control slashes and the ________ of primary targets. The transferring controller must complete ________ prior to transferring control of an aircraft entering airspace delegated to the receiving controller. A. B. C. D. Handoff Radar contact Point out Quick look Radar separation shall be applied between the ________ of beacon control slashes. A. B. C. D. 144. facility directive Letter of Agreement Memorandum of Agreement Standard Operating Procedure When Special VFR operations are being conducted, authorize an aircraft to climb to VFR upon request if the only weather limitation is ________. A. B. C. D. low clouds restricted visibility thunderstorms heavy rain 1-21 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 148. Special VFR aircraft are NOT assigned fixed altitudes because of the ________. A. B. C. D. 149. 150. A. B. C. D. 153. 154. delayed en route required to expedite vectored CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 1,000 feet above 1,000 feet below 500 feet above 500 feet below Special VFR operations may be authorized for aircraft transiting the surface area when the primary airport is reporting VFR but the pilot is unable to ________. A. B. C. D. 155. a waiver is requested the pilots are IFR-rated the aircraft are IFR-equipped an emergency exists The minimum requirement for vertical separation between an IFR aircraft and a Special VFR aircraft is that the Special VFR aircraft be assigned an altitude at least ________ any conflicting IFR traffic. A. B. C. D. every 3 minutes every 90 seconds only when there is traffic to the maximum extent possible Fixed-wing Special VFR flights may be approved only if arriving and departing IFR aircraft are NOT ________. When ground visibility is officially reported at an airport as less than 1 mile, inform pilots of arriving fixed-wing aircraft that ground visibility is less than 1 mile and that a Special VFR clearance CANNOT be issued unless ________. A. B. C. D. 95 91 65 61 Local controllers must visually scan runways ________. A. B. C. D. 151. wake turbulence requirement visibility requirements clearance-from-clouds requirement minimum separation requirements Special VFR minimums are prescribed in Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, Part ________. A. B. C. D. 152. maintain VFR file an IFR flight plan see the airport contact approach control The objective of gate hold procedures is to achieve departure delays of ________ minutes or less after engine start and taxi time. A. B. C. D. 5 10 15 30 1-22 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 156. When gate hold procedures are in effect, advise departing aircraft of the time at which the pilot can expect to receive a(n) ________ time and/or taxi advisory. A. B. C. D. 157. 158. A. B. C. D. 159. 162. “NEGATIVE” “NONE” “NIX” “NIL” CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 3 5 10 15 Unless required for message content, the duration of an ATIS message should NOT exceed _________ seconds. A. B. C. D. 163. NOTAM ATIS FSS CWA The ceiling/sky condition, visibility, and obstructions to vision may be omitted if the ceiling is above 5,000 feet and the visibility is more than___miles. A. B. C. D. 5 10 15 30 Describe the quality of braking action by using the terms “GOOD,” “GOOD TO MEDIUM,” "MEDIUM", "MEDIUM TO POOR," “POOR,” _________, or a combination of these terms. A. B. C. D. 161. Standard Operating Procedures a Letter of Agreement traffic complexity the initial call Gate hold procedures shall be implemented whenever departure delays exceed or are expected to exceed _________ minutes. Where available, _________ is used to provide advanced noncontrol airport/ terminal area and meteorological information to aircraft. A. B. C. D. Expect Further Clearance takeoff engine start pushback The sequence for departure under gate hold procedures must be maintained in accordance with ________ unless modified by flow control restrictions. A. B. C. D. 160. 20 30 45 60 During the recording of an ATIS message, the speech rate should NOT be ________. A. B. C. D. more than 30 words per minute more than 30 seconds Excessive less than 30 seconds 1-23 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 164. When runway braking action reports of “MEDIUM”, “POOR” and “NIL” are received, what statement should be included on the ATIS broadcast? A. B. C. D. 165. 166. A. B. C. D. 167. 170. VALS VASI VRAS VSI CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV ½ 1 2 5 Sequenced Flashing Lights (SFL) shall be operated when the visibility is less than ________ mile(s) and instrument approaches are being made to the runway served by the associated ALS. A. B. C. D. 171. Flight Service Station approach control Airport Advisory facility airport management/operator Approach lights shall be operated between sunrise and sunset when the ceiling is less than 1,000 feet or the prevailing visibility is ________ mile(s) or less and approaches are being made to a landing runway served by the lights. A. B. C. D. ASDE ASR ARTS AGCE The light system arranged to provide vertical visual approach slope guidance information during the approach to a runway is ________. A. B. C. D. 169. ASDE ASR ARTS AGCE What system is used to augment visual observation of aircraft landing or departing as well as aircraft or vehicular movements on runways, taxiways, or other areas of the movement area? Who is responsible for operating airport lights during the hours when the tower is closed? A. B. C. D. “BRAKING ACTION ALERT.” “BRAKING ACTION ADVISORIES ARE IN EFFECT.” “BRAKING ACTION ALERT IN EFFECT.” “BRAKING ACTION REPORTED POOR TO NIL.” The radar equipment used to augment visual observation of aircraft and/or vehicular movement on runways and taxiways is ________. A. B. C. D. 168. 1 2 3 4 The current touchdown RVR for the runway(s)-in-use shall be issued when prevailing visibility is ________ mile(s) or less, regardless of the value indicated. A. B. C. D. 1 2 3 4 1-24 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 172. If controls are provided, turn rotating beacon on ________. 176. A. between sunrise and sunset B. when visibility is less than 3 miles C. between sunset and sunrise D. when ceiling is below 500 feet 173. Reportable values are ________ feet or less for RVR A. B. C. D. 174. A. B. C. D. 175. 177. prevailing visibility airport conditions traffic complexity runway(s)-in-use CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV Except where a “runway use” program is in effect, use the “calm wind” runway when the wind is less than ________ knots. A. B. C. D. 178. “RUNWAY TWO EIGHT LEFT RVR VISIBILITY SIX HUNDRED FEET.” “RVR ON RUNWAY TWO EIGHT SIX THOUSAND FEET.” “RUNWAY ONE FOUR RVR TWO THOUSAND FOUR HUNDRED.” “RVR RUNWAY THREE TWO THREE QUARTERS.” Issue current touchdown RVR/RVV for the runway(s)-in-use when RVR indicates a reportable value regardless of the ________. A. B. C. D. A. approach lighting system B. rotating beacon C. runway lights D. taxiway lights 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 What is the phraseology used to issue RVR information? Between sunrise and sunset, ceiling or visibility below basic VFR minima is indicated by turning on the ________. Determining which runways are to be designated as “active” is a primary responsibility of the ________. A. B. C. D. 179. 3 5 10 15 local controller tower supervisor/CIC airport manager approach control supervisor/CIC The types of radar services designed to enhance safety by providing air traffic services to VFR aircraft are basic radar, TRSA, Class B, and Class ________ services. A. B. C. D. A C D E 1-25 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 180. The physical dimensions of Class C airspace will normally be a ________-NM radius capped at 4,000 feet above the primary airport. A. B. C. D. 181. 182. A. B. C. D. 183. 186. Class A Class B Class C TRSA CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 Terminal Radar Service Areas (TRSAs) are solely established to define airspace within which ________ service will be provided. A. B. C. D. 187. mandatory required urged suggested The appropriate VFR altitude for direction of flight rules does NOT apply until the aircraft is above ________ feet AGL. A. B. C. D. Class A Class B Class C TRSA What terminal radar service provides, in addition to basic radar service, sequencing of all IFR and participating VFR aircraft to the primary airport and separation between all participating VFR aircraft? A. B. C. D. 185. 700 1,000 1,200 1,500 " ________ ___ airspace Generally, that airspace from the surface to 10,000 feet MSL surrounding the nation’s busiest airports in terms of airport operations or passenger enplanements." Pilot participation in the Terminal Radar Service Area is ________. A. B. C. D. 5 10 15 20 Class C airspace shall extend down to ________ feet above the surface, except that an inner core with a 5-NM radius shall extend down to the surface. A. B. C. D. 184. IFR VFR control separation What airspace extends from the surface to 2,500 feet above the airport elevation surrounding those airports that have an operational control tower? A. B. C. D. Class A Class B Class C Class D 1-26 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 188. The size and shape of a TRSA/Class B airspace will vary depending upon ________. A. B. C. D. 189. 190. A. B. C. D. 193. 5 10 15 20 CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV When basic radar service is being provided, an aircraft sighted by the local controller at the time of first radio contact may be positioned in the landing sequence after ________. A. B. C. D. 194. 195. radar contact coordination with approach control communication with the center issuing landing clearance The specialist being relieved and the relieving specialist must share equal responsibility for the completeness and ________ of the position relief briefing. A. B. C. D. approach control tower center supervisor The radius of the outer area encompassing Class C airspace will normally be ________NM, with some site-specific variations. The physical dimensions of the Class C airspace will normally be a __ NM radius capped at ____ feet above the primary airport elevation A. 10, 4000 B. 5, 2500 C. 6, 6000 D. 5, 5000 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 When applying basic radar services, the ________ ordinarily establishes the landing sequence. A. B. C. D. 191. navigational aids traffic volume adjacent airports operational requirements Minimum vertical separation between VFR aircraft and IFR aircraft within Class C airspace is ________ feet. A. B. C. D. 192. accuracy timeliness explicitness duration The position relief briefing process involves ________ separate and distinct steps. A. B. C. D. 2 3 4 5 1-27 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 196. “Assumption of position responsibility” is step number ________ of the position relief briefing process. A. B. C. D. 197. 198. A. B. C. D. 201. 202. “FLIGHT CHECK” “SAFE AIR 1” “SAFI” “INSPECTION” CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV facility orders Letters of Agreement workload equipment When issuing advisories on bird activity, include the position, species or size (if known), direction of flight, and ________. A. B. C. D. 203. traffic emergency delay priority Issue radar advisories to flight inspection aircraft where adequate coverage exists and to the extent permitted by ________. A. B. C. D. position relief area status information area position relief board status information board FAA flight inspection aircraft are identified by the call sign ________. Do NOT ask a flight check aircraft to deviate from the pilot’s planned action except to preclude a(n) ________ situation. A. B. C. D. checklist relief list position list brief list In position relief, the manual or automatic display of the current status of position-related equipment and operational conditions or procedures is the ________. A. B. C. D. 199. 1 2 3 4 The ordered listing of items to be covered during a position relief briefing is called the ________. A. B. C. D. 200. altitude location where they were first spotted type of aircraft that spotted them flight service frequency for more information Bird activity information advisories are issued for at least ________ minutes after receipt of such information. A. B. C. D. 10 15 20 25 1-28 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 204. When appropriate procedural requirements are met, separation between aircraft may be reduced to ________ mile(s) within 10NM of the runway. A. B. C. D. 205. B. C. D. 206. Letter of Agreement with the airport operator Letter of Agreement with the aircraft operator Memorandum of Understanding with the airport operator Memorandum of Understanding with the aircraft operator IS SEEMS APPEARS LOOKS Determining whether or NOT conditions are adequate for the use of STARS data on the TDW shall be the responsibility of the ________ A. B. C. D. 209. 210. B. C. D. A. B. C. A. B. C. D. D. CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV advisory service to VFR aircraft and control service to IFR aircraft safe, orderly, and expeditious flow of traffic on and in the vicinity of an airport control service to aircraft on an IFR flight plan operating outside of controlled airspace weather information to aircraft before and after takeoff That position which is in direct communications with the aircraft and ensures separation of aircraft in/on the area of jurisdiction. Surface wind shall be described as “calm” when wind velocity is ________ knots. 3 or less less than 3 5 or less less than 5 Approach Clearance Delivery Ground Local A primary function of an ATCT is to provide ________. A. 211. Cab Coordinator supervisor local controller facility manager Which terminal controller is responsible for operations conducted on the active runways? A. B. C. D. When requested by a pilot or when you deem it necessary, inform an aircraft of any observed abnormal aircraft condition by using the phraseology, “(Item) ________ (observed condition).” A. B. C. D. 207. 1 1½ 2 2½ A designated STOL runway may be assigned only when requested by the pilot or as specified in a ________. A. 208. A.Local Control/Ground Control B.Local Control/Tower Associate C.Cab Coordinator/ Clearance Delivery D.Flight Data/ Ground Control 1-29 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) 212. Ground control must obtain approval from ______ ______ before authorizing an aircraft or a vehicle to cross or use any portion of an active runway. A. B. C. D. 213. A. B. C. D. Tower Position Tower Associate Position Tower Cab Position Tower Cab Coordinator Position Local Ground Departure Approach Ground control must obtain _____ from local control before authorizing an aircraft or vehicle to cross or use any portion of an active runway. A. B. C. D. 215. What term describes the position that is in direct communication with aircraft and ensures the separation of aircraft in the area of jurisdiction? The active runway is controlled by the ________ controller. A. B. C. D. 214. local control aqpproach control ground control clearance delivery 216. approval acknowledgment a point out control of the runway The first duty priority of an air traffic controller is separating aircraft and ________. A. B. C. D. issuing safety alerts relaying traffic alerts expediting traffic flow preventing delays CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 1-30 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 1-31 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 1-32 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) Answers and References Ques. Ans. Reference Ques. Ans. Reference 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 A C B C B D C A C A B D B D A C D A B B D A C B C B C C D A B B D D B C A A B D D JO 7110.65, par. 1-1-1 JO 7110.65, par. 1-1-10 JO 7110.65, par. 1-1-10 JO 7110.65, par. 1-2-1 JO 7110.65, par. 1-2-1 JO 7110.65, par. 1-2-1 JO 7110.65, par. 1-2-1 JO 7110.65, par. 1-2-1 JO 7110.65, par. 1-2-1 JO 7110.65, par. 1-2-1 JO 7110.65, par. 1-2-1 JO 7110.65, par. 1-2-1 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-2 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-2 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-2 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-2 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-3 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-3 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-6 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-4 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-4 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-4 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-4 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-4 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-4 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-4 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-25 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-5 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-5 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-8 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-13 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-15 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-15 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-14 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-18 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-1 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-5 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-6 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 C C A B C A B A B C C D B C B B C D A B D D B C D C C B A B A C C A B C D C D A D 42 43 44 A B D JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-7 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-9 14 CFR, Section 91.117 86 87 88 89 B C D A 14 CFR, Section 65.33 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-13 14 CFR, Section 65.37 14 CFR, Section 65.37 14 CFR, Section 65.37 14 CFR, Section 65.47 14 CFR, Section 65.47 14 CFR, Section 65.49 14 CFR, Section 65.50 14 CFR, Section 65.39 14 CFR, Section 65.39 AIM, Pilot/Controller Glossary 14 CFR, Section 65.31 JO 7110.65, par. 3-9-6 JO 7110.65, par. 3-9-6 JO 7110.65, par. 3-9-6 JO 7110.65, par. 3-7-1 JO 7110.65, par. 3-3-2 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-11 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-12 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-10 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-6 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-4 JO 7110.65, par. 3-9-7 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-4 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-1 JO 7110.65, par. 3-11-2 JO 7110.65, par. 3-11-1 JO 7110.65, par. 7-1-4 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-11-1 JO 7110.65, par. 7-5-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-11-5 JO 7110.65, par. 3-8-1 JO 7110.65, par. 3-8-2 JO 7110.65, par. 3-8-1 JO 7110.65, par. 3-8-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-8-4, table 3- 8-2 JO 7110.65, par. 3-9-3 JO 7110.65, par. 7-2-1 JO 7110.65, par. 7-2-1 JO 7110.65, par. 7-2-1 CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 1-33 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) Answers and References (Continued) Ques. Ans. Reference Ques. Ans. Reference 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 A B B A B C D A A A D B C C D B C A C B C 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 C D C B B C D A C A C B B C B D A D D A C JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-21 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-9 JO 7110.65, par. 5-3-2 JO 7110.65, par. 5-4-2 JO 7110.65, par. 5-4-1 JO 7110.65, par. 5-4-2 JO 7110.65, par. 5-5-2 JO 7110.65, par. 5-5-2 JO 7110.65, par. 5-4-2 JO 7110.65, par. 5-4-5 JO 7110.65, par. 5-4-1 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-11 JO 7110.65, par. 7-5-6 JO 7110.65, par. 7-5-4 14 CFR, Section 91.157 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-12 JO 7110.65, par. 7-5-2 JO 7110.65, par. 7-5-7 JO 7110.65, par. 7-5-4 JO 7110.65, par. 7-5-1 JO 7210.3, par. 10-4-3 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 B C D D C A C D B A B D D D C A A C C A A C D D JO 7110.65, par. 3-9-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-9-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-2-1 14 CFR, Section 91.125 14 CFR, Section 91.125 JO 7110.65, par. 3-2-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-2-3 14 CFR, Section 91.125 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-19 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-20 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-2 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-8 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-8 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-8 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-8 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-8 14 CFR, Section 65.31 14 CFR, Section 65.31 14 CFR, Section 65.35 14 CFR, Section 65.31 14 CFR, Sections 65.33, 65.49 14 CFR, Section 65.37 14 CFR, Section 65.45 14 CFR, Section 65.49 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-4 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-4 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-4 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-4 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-4 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-4 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-13 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-12 JO 7110.65, par. 3-9-4 JO 7110.65, par. 3-10-4 JO 7210.3, par.10-1-6 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-1 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-9 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-16b JO 7110.65, par. 3-9-4 JO 7110.65, par.10-1-1 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-10 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 C D C D B B B C B A A B D D C A C D C A B B B B JO 7110.65, par. 3-9-2 JO 7210.3, par. 10-4-3 JO 7210.3, par. 10-4-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-3-4 JO 7110.65, par. 2-9-1 JO 7110.65, par. 2-9-3 JO 7210.3, par. 10-4-1 JO 7210.3, par. 10-4-1 JO 7110.65, par. 3-3-5 AIM, Pilot/Controller Glossary JO 7110.65, par. 3-6-1 AIM, Pilot/Controller Glossary JO 7210.3, par. 10-6-1 JO 7110.65, par. 3-4-5 JO 7110.65, par. 3-4-7 JO 7110.65, par. 2-8-2 JO 7110.65, par. 3-4-18 JO 7110.65, par. 2-8-2 JO 7110.65, par. 2-8-3 JO 7110.65, par. 2-8-2 JO 7110.65, par. 3-4-18 JO 7110.65, par. 3-5-1 JO 7210.3, par. 10-1-6 JO 7210.3, par. 12-1-1 CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 1-34 PART 1 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL PROCEDURES (Continued) Answers and References (Continued) Ques. Ans. Reference 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 B C B D C C D D D A B D A B A C C A B A B C A B D B C B C D B A A B A A A JO 7210.3, par. 12-1-4 AIM, par. 3-2-4 AIM, Pilot/Controller Glossary AIM, Pilot/Controller Glossary AIM, Pilot/Controller Glossary 14 CFR, Section 91.159 JO 7210.3, par. 12-1-3 AIM, Pilot/Controller Glossary JO 7210.3, par. 12-1-3 JO 7110.65, par. 7-8-3 JO 7110.65, par. 7-6-6 JO 7210.3, par. 12-1-4 JO 7110.65, par.12-1-4 JO 7110.65, par. 7-6-3 JO 7110.65, App. A JO 7110.65, App. A JO 7110.65, App. A JO 7110.65, App. A JO 7110.65, App. A JO 7110.65, par. 9-1-2 JO 7110.65, par. 9-1-2 JO 7110.65, par. 9-1-2 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-23 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-23 JO 7210.3, par. 10-4-10 JO 7110.65, par. 3-5-2 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-10 JO 7110.65, par. 2-6-3 JO 7110.65, par. 5-4-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-3 AIM, par. 4-1-2 JO 7110.65, par. 2-10-3 a.2 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-3a JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-3 JO 7110.65, par. 3-1-3 JO 7110.65, par. 2-1-2 JO 7110.65, par. 2-10-3 CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 1-35 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 1-36 PART 2 FLIGHT RULES OVERVIEW The flight rules governing the operation of aircraft within the United States apply to air traffic controllers as well as to pilots. A complete understanding of the flight rules prescribed in Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations is an absolute requirement for the control of air traffic. Study Chapter 7 of FAA Order JO 7110.65, Air Traffic Control, and Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR), Parts 61 and 91. (Excerpts from 14 CFR, Parts 61 and 91, are located in Appendices A and C of this study guide respectively.) CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 2-1 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 2-2 PART 2 FLIGHT RULES 1. Unless a waiver is issued, NO person may operate an aircraft in such proximity as to create a(n) ________ hazard. A. B. C. D. 2. 3. A. B. C. D. 4. 7. follow observe miss see and avoid CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV fixed-wing aircraft balloons military aircraft airships While operating in airspace underlying Class B airspace, aircraft shall NOT exceed an indicated airspeed of ________ knots. A. B. C. D. 8. all other aircraft helicopters airships gliders In converging situations involving aircraft of different categories, the right-of-way over all aircraft is given to ________. A. B. C. D. formation IFR VFR cross-country Weather permitting, it is the responsibility of each person operating an aircraft to maintain vigilance in order to ________ other aircraft. A. B. C. D. 6. hazardous material commercial cargo civilians passengers for hire An agreement between pilots-incommand of participating aircraft must be made before engaging in ________ flight. An aircraft in distress has the right-ofway over ________. A. B. C. D. near miss wake turbulence collision imminent NO person may fly in formation if the aircraft is carrying ________. A. B. C. D. 5. 200 230 250 280 Unless otherwise authorized or required by ATC, the maximum indicated airspeed for reciprocating engine aircraft at or below 2,500 feet AGL within four nautical miles of the primary airport in Class C or Class D airspace is ________ knots. A. B. C. D. 200 230 250 280 2-3 PART 2 FLIGHT RULES (Continued) 9. Within Class B airspace, the maximum airspeed of turbinepowered aircraft is ________ knots. A. B. C. D. 10. 11. 12. 200 230 250 280 The maximum allowable airspeed for an aircraft below 10,000 feet is ________ knots. A. B. C. D. 13. A. B. C. D. 14. 200 230 250 280 15. Speed restrictions do NOT apply if the prescribed speed is lower than the ________ of an aircraft. 16. operating speed true airspeed maximum safe speed minimum safe speed CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 200 230 250 280 Aerobatic flight may NOT be conducted when flight visibility is less than ________ statute mile(s). A. B. C. D. The maximum allowable airspeed for a jet in Class C or Class D airspace at or below 2,500 feet AGL within four nautical miles of the primary airport is ________ knots. A. 200 B. 230 C. 250 D. 280 A. B. C. D. The maximum allowable airspeed of a VFR aircraft operating in the VFR corridor through Class B airspace is ________ knots. 1 3 5 7 Aerobatic flight may NOT be conducted below ________ feet AGL. A. B. C. D. 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 Aerobatic flight may NOT be conducted within Class B, Class C, Class D, or Class E airspace or within 4 miles of the centerline of a(n) ________. A. B. C. D. active runway ILS approach VOR approach federal airway 2-4 PART 2 FLIGHT RULES (Continued) 17. Position lights on aircraft must be lighted between ________. A. B. C. D. 18. 19. A. B. C. D. 22. 23. ATC the Administrator FSDO other traffic CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV take off cross taxiway cross runway taxi NO pilot may operate below minimum safe altitudes except when necessary for landing or ________. A. B. C. D. 24. 8 24 48 72 A flashing green light signal to an aircraft on the ground means the aircraft is cleared to ________. A. B. C. D. A B C D A pilot who deviates from an ATC instruction due to an emergency shall notify ________ as soon as possible. If requested, a pilot who is granted priority by ATC in an emergency shall submit to the ATC facility manager a detailed report of that emergency within ________ hours. A. B. C. D. weather operating airport runway A pilot may cancel IFR if operating in VFR conditions and outside of Class ________ airspace. A. B. C. D. 20. sunrise and sunset sunset and sunrise ½ hour before sunset and ½ hour after sunrise 6 p.m. and 6 a.m. During the hours of darkness, anticollision lights need NOT be lighted when the pilot-in-command determines that, because of ________ conditions, it would be in the interest of safety to turn the lights off. A. B. C. D. 21. formation flight takeoff carrying passengers for hire doing aerobatics A flashing red light signal directed to an aircraft in the air means “________.” A. B. C. D. go around airport unsafe; do not land give way to other traffic circle to the left 2-5 PART 2 FLIGHT RULES (Continued) 25. The minimum safe altitude over congested areas is 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal radius of ________ feet of the aircraft. A. B. C. D. 26. 27. A. 500 B. C. D. 1,000 1,500 2,000 Helicopters may operate at less than the prescribed minimum safe altitude over a congested area if the operation is conducted without hazard to persons or ________ on the surface. 28. A. B. C. D. 30. 31. the controlling agency airport management the FAA a Letter of Agreement CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 20 50 100 150 Arriving, departing, or through flight aircraft operating in Class D airspace must establish ________ with the ATC facility providing air traffic service for that airspace. A. B. C. D. 32. 2.982 2.992 29.82 29.92 Aircraft operating below 18,000 feet MSL shall set their altimeter to the current reported altimeter setting of a station along the route within ________ nautical miles of the aircraft. A. B. C. D. other aircraft property buildings animals Routes or altitudes specifically for helicopters are prescribed by ________. Aircraft operating at or above 18,000 feet MSL shall set their altimeter to ________. A. B. C. D. 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 In a sparsely populated area, an aircraft may NOT operate within ________ feet of a building. A. B. C. D. 29. communications radar contact visual contact a Letter of Agreement Aircraft approaching to land should circle the airport to the ________. A. B. C. D. right left north south 2-6 PART 2 FLIGHT RULES (Continued) 33. Normally, a large or turbine-powered aircraft will enter the airport traffic pattern at an altitude at least ________ feet AGL. A. B. C. D. 34. 35. A. B. C. D. 36. 39. control tower pilot aircraft operator Flight Service Station CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV runway parking ramp flow of fixed-wing aircraft airport lighting Unless otherwise indicated, aircraft approaching to land at airports without control towers must make all turns to the ________. A. B. C. D. 40. visual contact two-way radio contact the type of approach radar Helicopters approaching to land at an airport without a control tower must avoid the ________. A. B. C. D. ATC clearance operational radio pilot’s license valid medical certificate When a flight plan is filed, the ________ is responsible for closing the flight plan. A. B. C. D. 38. The Administrator Pilot-in-command Airport management Aircraft operator At controlled airports, a(n) ________ is required to taxi, take off, or land. Before entering Class C airspace, an aircraft must establish ________ with ATC. A. B. C. D. 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 Who is the final authority on the use of an assigned noise abatement runway? A. B. C. D. 37. left right east west In order for the pilot of a civil aircraft to land at or take off from an airport within Class B airspace, the pilot must hold at least a(n) ________ pilot’s certificate. A. B. C. D. multi engine commercial instrument private 2-7 PART 2 FLIGHT RULES (Continued) 41. When conditions require application of temporary flight restrictions in a particular area, the information is disseminated via a(n) ________. A. B. C. D. 42. 43. A. B. C. D. 46. 47. tower flight surface prevailing CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV near next to around over Helicopters may be operated ________ in an airport traffic pattern within 1/2 mile of the runway or helipad of intended landing if the flight visibility is not less than 1/2 mile A. B. C. D. 48. Air Traffic Manager supervisor Administrator Flight Service Station NO person may operate an aircraft ________ or in the vicinity of an area to be visited by the President of the United States. A. B. C. D. 2 4 10 30 NO pilot, except the pilot of a U.S. military aircraft, may land during a standard instrument approach when the ________ visibility is less than that prescribed for the approach. When the air traffic control system CANNOT be conducted safely and efficiently, the ________ issues a NOTAM in response to the emergency. A. B. C. D. the airport the traffic pattern open water flat terrain ATC may authorize deviations from the operating requirements within Class A airspace provided that a written request for such deviations is submitted at least ________ days before the proposed operation. A. B. C. D. 44. PIREP LOA NOTAM AIRMET An aircraft can only be flight-tested in areas of light air traffic over ________ or sparely populated areas. A. B. C. D. 45. 500 feet below clouds 1,000 feet above clouds clear of clouds 2,000 feet horizontal Except as provided in 14 CFR, Section 91.157, NO person may operate an aircraft VFR within Class C, D, or E airspace beneath a ceiling that is less than ________ feet. A. 500 B. 1,000 C. 1,500 D. 2,000 2-8 PART 2 FLIGHT RULES (Continued) 49. When operating Special VFR in Class B, C, D, or E airspace, all aircraft except ________ are required to meet the same visibility requirements. A. B. C. D. 50. 51. A. B. C. D. 52. 55. a private pilot a commercial pilot instrument-rated military personnel CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 An aircraft under VFR, cruising above 3,000 feet AGL and below 18,000 feet MSL on a magnetic course of 196, shall maintain an MSL altitude at any ________ thousand-foot interval plus 500 feet. A. B. C. D. 56. A, B, C, and D A, B, D, and E B, C, D, and E B, C, D, and G Appropriate altitudes for direction of flight in VFR conditions do NOT apply until the aircraft is more than ________ feet AGL. A. B. C. D. 500 feet below clouds 1,000 feet above clouds clear of clouds in the traffic pattern Except for helicopters, NO pilot may operate an aircraft on a Special VFR clearance between sunset and sunrise unless that person is ________. A. B. C. D. 54. 1 2 3 4 When clouds are in the area, pilots operating Special VFR must remain ________. SPECIAL VFR FLIGHT [ICAO]− A VFR flight cleared by air traffic control to operate within Class _, _, _, and _ surface areas in meteorological conditions below VMC A. B. C. D. ultralights airships helicopters balloons When an aircraft is operating during the day in Class G airspace below 1,200 feet AGL, a minimum of ________ statute mile(s) flight visibility is required. A. B. C. D. 53. one two odd even To operate in controlled airspace under IFR, a pilot must be ________ and receive ATC clearance. A. B. C. D. a private pilot a commercial pilot ready for departure filed on an IFR flight plan 2-9 PART 2 FLIGHT RULES (Continued) 57. When it is necessary to use an instrument approach to a civil airport, each person operating an aircraft must use a standard instrument ________ procedure. A. B. C. D. 58. 59. A. B. C. D. 62. 63. 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV odd-numbered even-numbered an appropriate VFR an appropriate IFR When flying on a federal airway, IFR aircraft must navigate ________ of that airway. A. B. C. D. 64. one two odd even An IFR aircraft assigned “VFR conditions-on-top” must fly at ________ altitude(s). A. B. C. D. 2 12 22 32 Except over mountainous areas, the minimum IFR altitude is ________ feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal distance of 4 nautical miles from the course to be flown. An appropriate IFR altitude for an aircraft in level flight operating below 18,000 feet MSL in uncontrolled airspace would be an MSL altitude at any ________ thousandfoot interval when flying a magnetic course of 095 degrees. A. B. C. D. precautionary procedure proper partial When both an MEA and a MOCA are prescribed for a route segment, the MOCA may be used within ________ nautical miles of the VOR involved. A. B. C. D. 60. approach letdown descent arrival When “NO PT” is specified on an approach chart, the pilot may NOT make a ________ turn unless ATC gives approval. A. B. C. D. 61. left right in the vicinity along the centerline Since a visual approach is NOT an instrument approach, it has ________. A. B. C. D. approach minimums no missed approach segment separation standards an associated runway 2-10 PART 2 FLIGHT RULES (Continued) 65. In order to fly “VFR-on-top,” an aircraft must be on a(n) ________ flight plan. A. B. C. D. 69. SVFR VFR IFR DVFR In the event of radio failure, an IFR aircraft operating in VFR conditions is expected to ________. A. B. C. D. 66. Unless authorized by ATC, IFR aircraft operating along routes other than Federal Airways shall operate along the ________ between NAVAIDs or fixes defining that route. A. B. C. D. 67. 68. A. B. C. D. 71. center approach nonradar radar IFR aircraft are required to report information relating to flight safety and ________ encountered. other traffic light chop VFR conditions unforecast weather CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV An IFR aircraft experiencing radio failure shall maintain the last assigned altitude or the ________, whichever is higher. A. B. C. D. direct course centerline true course magnetic course Unless requested by ATC, IFR position reports are NOT required when the aircraft is under ________ control. A. B. C. D. 70. MEA MOCA minimum VFR altitude minimum IFR altitude In the event of radio failure while being vectored off airways, the pilot should proceed directly to the point specified in the ________ clearance. A. B. C. D. 72. divert to the alternate squawk 7600 and proceed to the alternate maintain VFR and land soon as practical return to the departure airport IFR vector en route initial Pilots operating under IFR conditions must report any complete or partial loss of navigational or ________ capabilities. A. B. C. D. flight communication instrument pilotage 2-11 PART 2 FLIGHT RULES (Continued) 73. What is the minimum vertical distance an aircraft must maintain above the clouds to comply with Special VFR minimums? A. B. C. D. 74. An appropriate VFR altitude for an aircraft on a magnetic course of 200 degrees is ________ feet. A. B. C. D. 75. 500 feet 1,000 feet 2,000 feet Just stay clear of the clouds. 5,500 6,000 6,500 7,000 Student pilots may operate an aircraft on a solo flight in Class B airspace if the student has received both ground and flight training in that Class B airspace area, and the logbook of that student has been endorsed by the instructor within ________ days. A. B. C. D. 30 60 90 120 CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 2-12 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 2-13 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 2-14 PART 2 FLIGHT RULES (Continued) Answers and References Ques. Ans. Reference Ques. Ans. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 C D A D A B A A C C A D A B B D B B A A C D B B C A B C D C A B B B A B B C A D C C B B C 14 CFR, Section 91.111 14 CFR, Section 91.111 14 CFR, Section 91.111 14 CFR, Section 91.113 14 CFR, Section 91.113 14 CFR, Section 91.113 14 CFR, Section 91.117 14 CFR, Section 91.117 14 CFR, Section 91.117 14 CFR, Section 91.117 14 CFR, Section 91.117 14 CFR, Section 91.117 14 CFR, Section 91.117 14 CFR, Section 91.303 14 CFR, Section 91.303 14 CFR, Section 91.303 14 CFR, Section 91.209 14 CFR, Section 91.209 14 CFR, Section 91.123 14 CFR, Section 91.123 14 CFR, Section 91.123 14 CFR, Section 91.125 14 CFR, Section 91.119 14 CFR, Section 91.125 14 CFR, Section 91.119 14 CFR, Section 91.119 14 CFR, Section 91.119 14 CFR, Section 91.119 14 CFR, Section 91.121 14 CFR, Section 91.121 14 CFR, Section 91.129 14 CFR, Section 91.126 14 CFR, Section 91.129 14 CFR, Section 91.129 14 CFR, Section 91.129 14 CFR, Section 91.153 14 CFR, Section 91.130 14 CFR, Section 91.126 14 CFR, Section 91.126 14 CFR, Section 91.131 14 CFR, Section 91.137 14 CFR, Section 91.305 14 CFR, Section 91.135 14 CFR, Section 91.175 14 CFR, Section 91.139 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV D C B C A C C C D D D A B C B C C D B C A D D C D B B D C C Reference 14 CFR, Section 91.141 14 CFR, Section 91.155 14 CFR, Section 91.155 14 CFR, Section 91.157 14 CFR, Section 91.155 14 CFR, Section 91.157 14 CFR, Section 91.157 JO 7110.65 Glossary CFR, Section 91.159 14 CFR, Section 91.159 14 CFR, Section 91.173 14 CFR, Section 91.175 14 CFR, Section 91.175 14 CFR, Section 91.177 14 CFR, Section 91.177 14 CFR, Section 91.179 14 CFR, Section 91.179 14 CFR, Section 91.181 JO 7110.65, par. 7-4-1 JO 7110.65, par. 7-3-1 14 CFR, Section 91.181 14 CFR, Section 91.183 14 CFR, Section 91.183 14 CFR, Section 91.185 14 CFR, Section 91.185 14 CFR, Section 91.185 14 CFR, Section 91.187 14 CFR, Section 91.157 14 CFR, Section 91.159 14 CFR, Section 61.95 2-15 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 2-16 PART 3 COMMUNICATIONS OPERATING PROCEDURES OVERVIEW A complete understanding and knowledge of the use of radios and interphones, the messages transmitted and relayed, and the formats designed to prevent misunderstanding are essential to sound air traffic control. Your ability to apply procedures, rules, priorities, and formats that govern radio and interphone communications is directly related to how you are perceived as a professional. Study Chapters 2, 4, and 5 of FAA Order JO 7110.65, Air Traffic Control, and the Pilot/Controller Glossary of the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM). CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 3-1 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 3-2 PART 3 COMMUNICATIONS OPERATING PROCEDURES 1. When combining positions in the tower, do NOT use ground control frequency for ________ communications. A. B. C. D. 2. 3. A. B. C. D. 4. 7. readback compliance acknowledgment clearance CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV correct acknowledged received accepted Occasionally it may become necessary for controllers to authorize pilots to interrupt their communications ________. A. B. C. D. 8. “SAY AGAIN” “REPEAT” “WILCO” “WORDS TWICE” If a clearance is read back by a pilot, the controller shall ensure the readback is ________. A. B. C. D. transmitters displays intercoms interphones When issuing clearances or instructions, ensure ________ from pilots. A. B. C. D. 6. ground control flight data clearance delivery local control Operating positions shall monitor assigned radio frequencies and ________ continuously. Pilots may acknowledge receipt of a radio message by stating ________. A. B. C. D. aircraft vehicle emergency airborne When local and ground control functions are being combined, it is recommended that they be combined on the ________ frequency. A. B. C. D. 5. sequence time guard order Transmit only those messages necessary for air traffic control or otherwise contributing to ________. A. B. C. D. air traffic delays air safety aircraft movement vehicular movement 3-3 PART 3 COMMUNICATIONS OPERATING PROCEDURES (Continued) 9. If necessary, relay operational information to aircraft or aircraft ________. A. B. C. D. 10. 11. 14. 15. A. 121.4 / 343.8 B. 121.5/243.0 C. 132.4 / 264.8. D. 112.5/ 225.0 CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV facility identification aircraft type aircraft identification sector identification On initial contact with an aircraft a controller will first state ________. A. B. C. D. 16. ATC unit identification aircraft type aircraft call sign sector identification The first item stated during initial call-up to an aircraft is the ________. A. B. C. D. DVFR flight plan air route jet route IR route Although ____ MHz and ____ MHz are emergency frequencies, it might be best to keep the aircraft on the initial contact frequency. Change frequencies only when there is a valid reason The format used when replying to an aircraft during initial call-up is the aircraft identification, ________, message, and “OVER” if required. A. B. C. D. history priority implications source Relay operational information to military aircraft who are operating or who will operate on a(n) ________. A. B. C. D. 12. operators owners manufacturers maintenance When relaying operational information, relay the ________ of such information. A. B. C. D. 13. ATC unit identification aircraft type aircraft identification message After initial call-up Omit the ________ after communications have been established. A. B. C. D. Facility identification aircraft type aircraft identification message 3-4 PART 3 COMMUNICATIONS OPERATING PROCEDURES (Continued) 17. After communications have been established , the controller may use the aircraft identification prefix and the________. A. B. C. D. 18. 19. A. B. C. D. 20. C. D. 23. the pilot concurs communications have been established radar contract has been established the third transmission CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV ATC clearances movement messages emergencies ATC instructions Lower priority messages may be interrupted on the interphone system by using the words “EMERGENCY” or ________. A. B. C. D. 24. “ROGER” “WILCO” “OVER” “OUT” In prioritizing interphone messages, first priority shall be given to ________. A. B. C. D. similar sounding aircraft identification personalized call signs all-letter aircraft identification military call signs When the controller is communicating with an aircraft, the facility identification may be omitted after ________. A. B. 22. “EXECUTIVE TWO” “TRANSPORT TWO” “AIR FORCE TWO” “SAFEAIR TWO” Do NOT abbreviate the call signs of aircraft with ________. If a message obviously requires a reply, the word ________ may be omitted. A. B. C. D. three-letter identifier ICAO identifier first three digits or letters of the aircraft identification last three digits or letters of the aircraft identification When the Vice President is onboard a USAF aircraft, the proper call sign for the aircraft is ________. A. B. C. D. 21. “HANDOFF” “BREAK” “CLEAR LINE” “CONTROL” When initializing an interphone call, the caller first states the identification of the position being called, followed by the ________. A. B. C. D. controller identification aircraft identification position identification of the caller interphone line identification 3-5 PART 3 COMMUNICATIONS OPERATING PROCEDURES (Continued) 25. Priority is given to interphone messages as follows: emergency messages, clearance and control instructions, movement and control messages, and ________. A. B. C. D. 26. 27. A. B. C. D. D. 30. 31. “HEAVY JET” “JUMBO” “HEAVY/SUPER” “LARGE” CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV “ALFA” “ALFRED” “ABLE” “ALBERT” The ICAO phonetic word for the letter “B” is ________. A. B. C. D. 32. speak slowly, enunciate carefully speak loudly, enunciate carefully notify both pilots of similar sounding identifications notify the sector supervisor of similar sounding identifications The ICAO phonetic word for the letter “A” is ________. A. B. C. D. operating initials a time check position identification an acknowledgment In inter/intrafacility communications for heavy/super aircraft identification and in communications with heavy/ super aircraft, the word(s) ________ must be used. American 981 and United 981 are both on your frequency. To avoid a possible misunderstanding, ________ and restate the call sign after the flight number of the aircraft involved. A B.. C. the receiver’s operating initials a time check the position identification an acknowledgment Interphone messages should always be terminated by ________. A. B. C. D. 28. administration messages on VFR aircraft movement messages on VFR aircraft time checks point outs Upon completion of an interphone message, the receiving facility states a response, if required, followed by ________. A. B. C D. 29. “BAKER” “BREAKER” “BROWN” “BRAVO” What phraseology is used to identify a B744 when issuing traffic? A. B. C. D. “HEAVY BOEING SEVEN FORTYSEVEN” “HEAVY BOEING SEVEN FORTYFOUR” “BOEING SEVEN FORTY-SEVEN” “BOEING SEVEN FORTY-FOUR” 3-6 PART 3 COMMUNICATIONS OPERATING PROCEDURES (Continued) 33. Serial numbers are stated ________. A. B C. D. 37. in group form in block form as separate digits in number pairs An altitude of 18,500 feet is stated as ________. A. B. C. D. 34. The proper phraseology for stating the serial number 11609 is ________. A. B. C. D. 35. 36. A. B. C. D. C. D. 39. “TEN THOUSAND PLUS FIVE HUNDRED” “ONE ZERO THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED” “TEN FIVE ZERO ZERO” “ONE ZERO FIVE ZERO ZERO” CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 40. “TEN'S OF THOUSAND” “TEN THOUSAND ZERO HUNDRED” “ONE ZERO THOUSAND” “ONE ZERO THOUSAND ZERO HUNDRED” General time information is given using the ________ separate digits of the hour and minutes based on the 24-hour clock in terms of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). A. B. C. D. field elevation flight levels altimeter settings altitudes The phraseology for stating an altitude of 10,500 feet is ________. The phraseology for stating an altitude of 10,000 feet is ________. A. B. “ELEVEN SIX ZERO NINER” “ONE ONE SIX ZERO NINER” “ELEVEN SIX O NINE” “ONE ONE SIX O NINER” Which of the following are spoken by pronouncing each digit in the number of hundreds or thousands followed by the word “HUNDRED” or “THOUSAND” as appropriate? A. B. C. D. 38. “ONE EIGHT THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED” “EIGHTEEN THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED” “FLIGHT LEVEL ONE EIGHT FIVE” “FLIGHT LEVEL EIGHTEEN FIVE” 2 4 6 8 What is the phraseology used to issue a time check of 11:30:00? A. B. C. D. “TIME, ELEVEN THIRTY ON THE MINUTE.” “TIME, ONE ONE THREE ZERO ON THE MINUTE.” “TIME, ONE ONE THREE ZERO.” “TIME, ELEVEN THIRTY.” 3-7 PART 3 COMMUNICATIONS OPERATING PROCEDURES (Continued) 41. An altimeter setting of 30.32 is stated as ________. A. B. C. D. 42. 43. “ALTIMETER, THIRTY THIRTY-TWO” “ALTIMETER, THREE ZERO THREE TWO” “ALTIMETER, THIRTY POINT THIRTY-TWO” “ALTIMETER, THREE ZERO POINT THREE TWO” When issuing a time check, state the word “TIME” followed by the four separate digits of the hour and minutes and the nearest ________. A. B. C. D. A wind of 350 degrees with a velocity of 20 knots should be stated as ________. A. B. C. D. 46. ten seconds minute half minute quarter minute When issuing a time check, time would be stated ____________. A. B. C. D. 45. When requested by a pilot, time information is given in Coordinated Universal Time followed by the ________ equivalent. A. B. C. D. 47. “ZERO ONE THREE ZERO” “ZERO ONE THIRTY A.M.” “ONE THREE ZERO” “ONE THIRTY A.M.” The phraseology for stating a true airspeed of 250 is ________. A. B. C. A. B. C. D. “TWO FIVE ZERO” “TWO FIVE ZERO KNOTS” “TWO HUNDRED FIFTY” “TWO HUNDRED FIFTY KNOTS” CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 48. Greenwich Mean Time Zulu time Daylight Saving Time local standard time What is the phraseology used to issue a field elevation of 2,160 feet? D. 44. “WIND THREE FIVE ZERO AT TWO ZERO” “WIND THREE FIVE ZERO AT TWENTY” “WIND THREE FIVE ZERO DEGREES AT TWO ZERO KNOTS” “WIND THREE FIVE ZERO DEGREES AT TWENTY KNOTS” “FIELD ELEVATION, TWENTYONE SIXTY.” “FIELD ELEVATION, TWO ONE SIX ZERO.” “FIELD ELEVATION, TWENTY-ONE SIX ZERO.” “FIELD ELEVATION, TWO ONE SIXTY.” When issuing surface wind, state the indicated direction to the nearest ________ degrees. A. B. C. D. 3 5 10 15 3-8 PART 3 COMMUNICATIONS OPERATING PROCEDURES (Continued) 49. The phraseology used to assign an aircraft a heading of north is “HEADING ________.” A. B. C. D. 50. B. C. D. 51. A. B. C. D. 54. 55. Abilene Control Tower Abilene Control Abilene Tower Abilene ATCT CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV pilot’s operator’s manufacturer’s owner’s Two ways to properly state the identification of N23C, a DC-3, are “NOVEMBER TWO THREE CHARLIE” or ________. A. B. C. D. 56. “Honolulu Airport Ground Control” “Honolulu Airport Ground” “Honolulu Ground” “Honolulu Control” To identify a civil aircraft, use the aircraft type, model, _____ name, or the prefix “NOVEMBER.” A. B. C. D. “ONE TWO ONE FIVE” “ONE TWO ONE POINT FIVE” “ONE TWENTY-ONE FIVE” “ONE TWENTY-ONE POINT FIVE” The term used to identify the control tower at Abilene, Texas, is “________.” To identify the ground control function at Honolulu Airport, the caller would state ________. A. B. C. D. “RUNWAY TWENTY-SEVEN RIGHT” “RUNWAY TWO SEVEN RIGHT” “RUNWAY TWENTY-SEVEN ROMEO” “RUNWAY TWO SEVEN ROMEO” The phraseology used to state the frequency 121.5 MHz is ________. A. B. C. D. 52. THREE SIX ZERO THREE SIXTY NORTH ZERO ZERO ZERO The phraseology used to identify runway 27R is ________. A. 53. “NOVEMBER TWENTY-THREE CHARLIE” “DOUGLAS TWO THREE CHARLIE” “DC-3 TWENTY-THREE CHARLIE” “TWO THREE CHARLIE” Identify Air taxi and commercial operators not having FAA authorized call sign by stating________ followed by the flight number in group form if used by the pilot. A. B. C. D. “NOVEMBER” aircraft callsign the aircraft type "TANGO" 3-9 PART 3 COMMUNICATIONS OPERATING PROCEDURES (Continued) 57. The word “TANGO” followed by the registration number indicates the flight is a(n) ________ aircraft. A. B. C. D. 58. 59. A. B. C. D. 60. B. C. D. 61. 64. the final approach fix serving the destination airport a short-range fix the point at which the aircraft leaves controlled airspace the destination airport “Altimeter, thirty point zero two.” “Altimeter, three zero point zero two.” “Altimeter, thirty zero two.” “Altimeter, three zero zero two.” The phraseology for stating a true airspeed of 160 knots is ________. A. B. C. D. 65. “POINT OUT OBSERVED.” “ROGER POINT OUT.” “POINT OUT APPROVED.” “POINT OUT RECEIVED.” What is the phraseology for issuing an altimeter setting of 30.02? A. B. C. D. meters miles flight levels feet When issuing an IFR departure clearance, specify the ______ when practical as the clearance limit. A. 63. “MAC” “MOBILE” “ROAM” “REACH” Altitudes of 18,000 feet or more above mean sea level are expressed in ________. What is the phraseology used to approve a point out? A. B. C. D. military air carrier civil air taxi Air Mobility Command aircraft are identified by the prefix ________. A. B. C. D. 62. “ONE SIX ZERO KNOTS” “ONE HUNDRED SIXTY KNOTS” “ONE-SIXTY” “ONE HUNDRED SIXTY” An altitude of 18,000 feet is stated as ________. A. B. C. D. “FLIGHT LEVEL ONE EIGHT ZERO” “FLIGHT LEVEL ONE EIGHTEEN” “ONE EIGHT THOUSAND FEET” “EIGHTEEN THOUSAND FEET” An airport at which an aircraft may land if landing at the intended airport becomes inadvisable is called a(n) ________ airport. A. B. C. D. alternate substitute backup secondary CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 3-10 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 3-11 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 3-12 PART 3 COMMUNICATIONS OPERATING PROCEDURES (Continued) Answers and References Ques. Ans. Reference Ques. Ans. Reference 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 D D D C C A C B A D D B A C C A D C A B C C D C B A A C C A D A C B D B C C B C B D A B A JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-1 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-1 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-2 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-3 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-3 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-3 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-4 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-5 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-7 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-7 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-7 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-7 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-8 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-8 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-8 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-8 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-9 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-20 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-9 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-9 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-9 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-10 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-11 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-12 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-10 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-12 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-13 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-14 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-15 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-16 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-16 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-21 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-19 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-19 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-20 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-20 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-20 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-20 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-20 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 4-3-2 AIM, Pilot/Controller Glossary JO 7110.65, par. 5-4-2 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 JO 7110.65, par. 2-4-17 CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV D B C A B B C C C B D D D C D A C D A A 3-13 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 3-14 PART 4 FLIGHT ASSISTANCE SERVICE OVERVIEW Sound judgment and complete knowledge of the methods and procedures for handling unusual or unexpected situations are essential for providing appropriate flight assistance service. Your ability to react in a timely manner to any given situation relates directly to your professionalism. Study Chapter 8 of FAA Order JO 7110.10, Flight Services; Chapters 2 and 10 of FAA Order JO 7110.65, Air Traffic Control; Chapter 2 of FAA Order JO 7210.3, Facility Operation and Administration; and the Pilot/Controller Glossary of the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM). CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 4-1 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 4-2 PART 4 FLIGHT ASSISTANCE SERVICE 1. A condition of being threatened by serious and imminent danger requiring immediate assistance is classified as __________. A. B. C. D. 2. 3. A. B. C. D. 4. 6. hazard caution urgency alert If the words “MAYDAY” or “PANPAN” are NOT used and you are in doubt that a situation constitutes an emergency or potential emergency, handle it as though it were a(n) __________. routine operation emergency suspect operation suspicious activity If a report indicates that a forced landing is about to occur, a(n) __________ exists. A. B. C. D. disaster hazardous distress urgency A potential distress condition of being concerned about safety and requiring timely but NOT immediate assistance is classified as a(n) __________. A. B. C. D. 5. An emergency may be declared if an emergency situation is observed or the need for __________ appears likely. A. B. C. D. 7. emergency situation problem incident progressive instructions ground rescue radar identification additional services The minimum required information for handling an inflight emergency is aircraft identification and type, nature of emergency, and __________. A. B. C. D. amount of fuel remaining emergency equipment on board intended destination pilot’s desires "Consider that an aircraft emergency exists and inform the RCC or ARTCC when an emergency is declared by either the pilot, facility personnel, or __________. A. B. C. D. airport management airport operator aircraft mechanic officials responsible for the operation of the aircraft CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV 4-3 PART 4 FLIGHT ASSISTANCE SERVICE (Continued) 8. An emergency has been declared and the minimum information has been acquired. Other less pertinent information should be obtained after the __________. A. B. C. D. 9. 10. A. B. C. D. 11. 14. ATCT FSS ARTCC RCC CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV communications radar resolution frequency control handling Frequencies assigned specifically for aircraft in emergency conditions are 121.5 MHz and ________ MHz. A. B. C. D. 15. postpone declare ignore transfer Transfer the responsibility for handling an emergency to another facility only when better ________ will result. A. B. C. D. ARTCC USAF SAR RCC When you receive information about an aircraft in distress, forward detailed data to the __________ in whose area the emergency exists. A. B. C. D. 13. NAVAIDs Pilotage Radar Sightings by persons on the ground If an ELT is heard or reported by an aircraft, AFSS and terminal facilities should notify the __________. If you are in communication with an aircraft in distress and the pilot has NOT declared an emergency, you ________ the emergency. A. B. C. D. controller initiates action pilot has regained control operator has been contacted aircraft is on the ground Which of the following is NOT a recognized method of orientating lost aircraft? A. B. C. D. 12. 234.0 234.5 243.0 243.5 After having received a specific bomb threat, the pilot requests technical assistance. This may be obtained from a(n) _________. A. B. C. D. A. local police officer B. airport security officer C. area fire marshal D. FAA aviation explosives expert 4-4 PART 4 FLIGHT ASSISTANCE SERVICE (Continued) 16. If communications with an emergency aircraft are difficult and weather conditions permit, the controller may ask the aircraft to _________ to improve reception. A. B. C. D. 17. 18. A. B. C. D. 21. 22. Air Traffic Manager local law enforcement airport operator Flight Standards District Office CTO Study Guide TS-14-1_2022-02 AJI/AOV airline airport FAA law enforcement Handle an aircraft targeted with a bomb threat as a(n) _________. A. B. C. D. 23. unlawful acts criminal behavior suspicious activities questionable conduct Do NOT attempt to delay, detain, or question a person conducting suspicious activities, but keep the person or persons in sight until a(n) _________ representative arrives. A. B. C. D. available service aircraft type airport type number of runways When information is received from any source that a bomb has been placed on, in, or near an aircraft, notify your supervisor or _________. Actions such as the unauthorized use of aircraft, tampering with aircraft or other property around airports or FAA facilities, and placing packages or other objects in unusual locations are considered _________. A. B. C. D. the nearest RCC other aircraft in the area local law enforcement other positions in the facility One of the factors to consider when recommending an emergency airport for an emergency aircraft is _________. A. B. C. D. 19. climb descend change frequencies make a turn Facilities that

Control Tower Operator (CTO) Study Guide PDF - Feb 2022

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