Coriolis Effect PDF
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Satyam Naidu
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Summary
This document discusses the Coriolis effect, an inertial force that affects objects in motion relative to a rotating frame. It explains the historical context and real-world applications including meteorology, oceanography, and ballistic trajectories, covering details about its impact on Earth's winds and ocean currents, as well as how it affects the motion of projectiles.
Full Transcript
- Satyam Naidu Coriolis force is an inertial force (fictitious) that acts on objects that are in motion relative to a rotating reference frame. Deflection of an object due to the Coriolis force is called the Coriolis effect. This is caused by the rotation of the rotating o...
- Satyam Naidu Coriolis force is an inertial force (fictitious) that acts on objects that are in motion relative to a rotating reference frame. Deflection of an object due to the Coriolis force is called the Coriolis effect. This is caused by the rotation of the rotating object. French physicist Gustave Gaspard Coriolis (1792-1843). He published a paper in 1835 on the energy yield of machines with rotating parts. Coriolis referred to this force as the "compound centrifugal force“ and by 1920 it has been named as "Coriolis force“. Meteorology & Oceanography The most important impact of the Coriolis effect is in the large-scale dynamics of the oceans and the atmosphere. Ballistic Trajectories The Coriolis force is important in external ballistics for calculating the trajectories of very long-range artillery shells. An object moving above the Earth in northerly or southerly direction away from the equator will have a greater eastward velocity than the ground underneath, and so will appear to be deflected in relation to the rotation off the Earth. Deflection is towards Right Northern Hemisphere Left Southern Hemisphere If a low-pressure area forms in the atmosphere, air tends to flow in towards it, but is deflected perpendicular to its velocity by the Coriolis force. The direction of movement of air around a low-pressure area in Northern Hemisphere Counter Clockwise Southern Hemisphere Clockwise A Ocean Gyre in oceanography is any large system of circulating ocean currents particularly those involved with large wind movements formed due to the Coriolis Effect. The Coriolis effect deflects surface currents just like it effects the wind. It deflects currents north of the equator to the right and currents south of the equator to the left. The Coriolis effect causes Coriolis drift, both horizontally and vertically. The deflection in Northern hemisphere Right Southern hemisphere Left For eastward shots Upwards Eotvos For westward shots. Downwards Effect Ballistic projectiles with long flight times it is a significant factor in calculating the trajectory. THANK YOU
