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Renal Disorders Dr. Madelyn Carey- Spring 2024 Disorders of Kidney and Urinary Tract Function Urinary Tract Function Produces, stores, and eliminates urine Composed of bladder, two kidneys, two ureters, and the urethra Kidneys Responsible for homeostasis via urine production and elimination Body fun...

Renal Disorders Dr. Madelyn Carey- Spring 2024 Disorders of Kidney and Urinary Tract Function Urinary Tract Function Produces, stores, and eliminates urine Composed of bladder, two kidneys, two ureters, and the urethra Kidneys Responsible for homeostasis via urine production and elimination Body functions impacted: BP Electrolyte and acid-base balance RBC production Bone health Concepts Related to Kidney Disorders Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Rapid decrease in kidney function Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Loss of kidney function over time Results from a failure of the body to End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Occurs if CKD is not treated Results from a failure of the body to remove waste Glomerular Disorders Condition that attacks tiny filters in your kidneys, called glomeruli, where your blood is cleaned. Damaged glomeruli can allow proteins and sometimes red blood cells to leak into your urine Albumin Glomerulonephritis (GN) Inflammation of the glomeruli and capillaries & primary cause of AKI and CKD Etiology and pathogenesis Postinfectious Systemic disease Toxin exposure Thrombosis Genetic Glomerular Disorders Clinical Manifestations Diagnosis & Treatment Proteinuria (Nephropic syndrome) Hematuria (Nephritic syndrome) Edema 24-hour Urine Test Kidney Biopsy (gold standard) Blood pressure control ACE inhibitors Blood cholesterol control Statins Immunosuppression as needed CKD resulting from hyperglycemia Leading cause of ESRD Proteinuria and hyperfiltration Diabetic Nephropath y Risk factors Poor glycemic control Uncontrolled hypertension Obesity Smoking Genetic factors Race More prevalent in African American, Hispanic, American Indian, and Asian individuals Diabetic Nephropathy Clinical Manifestations Diagnosis & Treatment Albuminuria Hyperfiltration Hypertension Renal biopsy may not be necessary Diabetes, hypertension, and albuminuria leads to diagnosis: Maintain BP