Honors Chemistry Test Review - Unit 9 - Gases
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This document is a chemistry test review focusing on gas laws. It includes questions and explanations of various gas concepts.
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HONORS Chemistry Test Review Name: Unit 9 – GASES Period: T est reviews arealways due the daybeforethe testso any clarificat...
HONORS Chemistry Test Review Name: Unit 9 – GASES Period: T est reviews arealways due the daybeforethe testso any clarification on the material can be discussed.If the test review is turned in on time - the day before the test, at the beginning of class, then you are eligible for any extra credit questions given on the test. To receive credit for the test, the review MUST be turned in. It doesn’t make sense to review for an assessment after you have taken the test, so always do this before. Your review must be neat and organized. 1. If the initial pressure of a system was 4.00 atm and the volume is halved and the temperature is tripled, what is the final pressure? 2. What is the proper form of the combined gas law? 3. What happens to the volume of a gas when you triple the number of moles of gas while keeping the temperature and pressure constant? 4. Suppose you had a balloon containing 2.5 moles of helium at STP and a balloon containing 2.5 moles of ydrogen at STP. What can you say about their volume, mass, number of moles, temperature, and h pressure? 5. What is the final volume of a 30.0 L system that has the pressure halved? Doubled? 6. Why does increasing the volume of a given amount of gas at constant temperature cause the pressure to decrease? 7. List at least 3 changes that would cause an increase in the pressure of a gaseous system. List at least 3 changes that would NOT cause an increase. 8. Under what conditions of temperature and pressure is the behavior of real gases most like that of ideal gases? 9. If the number of gas particles is halved, what can you say about the volume if the temperature and pressure do not change?If the number of gas particles is halved,the volume of the gas will be halvedgiven that the temperature and pressure donot change 10. Explain how and why straws work.When you suck the air out of the straw, you decrease the pressure inside the straw, allowing the higher pressure on the rest of the surface to push the liquid up 11. For all gas law calculations, the temperature must be in what units? 12. List the statements of the Kinetic Molecular Theory. 13. List at least 4 equivalent values for 1 atm of pressure. 14. What is the mathematical equation for Boyle’s Law? 15. What is the final volume of a balloon that was initially 450.00 mL at 35°C and was then heated to 75°C? Charles' Law 16. 17. Suppose a balloon was released from the ground and rose to such a height that both the atmospheric pressure and the temperature decreased, what can you say about the volume of the balloon? 18. List 4 ways to write the ideal gas law. Hint, solve for T, solve for V, solve for P, etc. 19. What is the pressure of a 7.00 L gas vessel that has 36.0 grams of argon at 30.0 °C? 20. What is the final volume of a gas that initially occupies 5.60 L at 459 K and is subsequently heated to 674 K? 21. What happens to the temperature of a gas when it is compressed if pressure remains constant? 22. Explain why the pressure inside a container of gas increases if more gas is added to the container. 23. What is the molecular weight of a gas if a 42.0 g sample has a pressure of 436 mm Hg at 30.0°C in a 4.00 L flask? 24. As you decrease temperature, what happens to the average energy of the gas particles? 25. State Boyle’s Law in words. 26. How does the energy of a gas particle change when it collides with other gas particles on the container wall? 27. What is the equivalent pressure of 0.879 atm in units of mm Hg? 28. What is the mathematical equation for Charles’s Law? What does absolute zero refer to?Always remember that 0 on the Kelvin scale means-273or“Absolute Zero 29. 30. If the volume of a gas container at 45.0°C changes from 4.50 L to 555 mL (note, the different units), what will the final temperature be in °C? 31. A certain volume of gas was confined in a rigid container. If the pressure of the gas sample in the container was tripled, what happened to the temperature? 32. A sample of argon gas, initially at 27.0°C, 875 torr, and 3.00 L was heated to 68.0°C while the volume expanded to 5.24 L. What is the final pressure in atm? (Note the difference in pressure units) 33. What is the temperature (°C) of 4.56 moles of gas stored in a 40.0 L container at 1229 mm Hg? 34. The vapor pressure of water at 20.0°C is 17.5 mm Hg. If the pressure of a gas collected over water was measured to be 0.665 atm, what is the pressure of the pure gas? 35. What is the change in temperature of a 4.60 L system when it is compressed to 3.20 L if the initial temperature was 305 K? 36. The volume of a gas is reduced from 12 L to 1.5 L while the temperature is held constant. How does the gas pressure change? 37. What can be said about the distance between gas particles as compared to their relative size? 38. As we climb a mountain to a higher altitude, what kind of a pressure change do we experience? 39. What can we say about the volume of one mole of Cl2 gas at STP compared to the volume of one mole of Kr gas at STP? 40. The initial volume of a gas cylinder is 450.0 mL. If the pressure of a gas inside the cylinder changes from 940.5 mm Hg to 230.0 mm Hg, what is the final volume the gas occupies in Liters? 41. A balloon originally had a volume of 0.852 L at 33.0°C and a pressure of 788 torr. To what temperature, in °C, must the balloon be cooled to reduce the volume to 378 mL if the pressure remained constant? 42. What is the final volume, in L, of a 600.0 mL gas container that increased in temperature from 199 K to 444 K while the pressure increased from 1.50 atm to 2.00 atm? 43. A balloon contains 2000. L of gas, at 40.0°C and 102 kPa, rises to an altitude where the pressure is 40.5 kPa and the temperature is 10.0° C. What would be the volume of the balloon under these new conditions? 44. The breathing mixture used by deep sea divers contains helium, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. What is the artial pressure of helium at 101.0 kPa if the partial pressure of oxygen is 89.0 kPa and the partial pressure p of carbon dioxide is 0.5 kPa? 45. Do gas particles act independently of each other? EXPLAIN!! 46. A sealed bag of potato chips will expand when taken to a higher altitude. What gas law is this an example f?Boyle’s Lawhis law states that as the pressureon a gas decreases, its volume increases, which o is why the air inside the bag expands as the atmospheric pressure drops at higher altitudes. 47. If the number of gas particles is quadrupled, what will happen to the volume of the original container given that the temperature and pressure do not change?
