Chapter 8: Communication and Networks PDF

C&N BSA MAKYO GAMING CHAPTER 8 Chapter 8: Communication and Networks Communication and Networks Odtojan, Alcy Mie A. Razon, Conghielyn Josh COMMUNICATIONS Computer communications describes a process in which two or more computers or devices transfer data, instruction...

C&N BSA MAKYO GAMING CHAPTER 8 Chapter 8: Communication and Networks Communication and Networks Odtojan, Alcy Mie A. Razon, Conghielyn Josh COMMUNICATIONS Computer communications describes a process in which two or more computers or devices transfer data, instructions, and information. Some communication involves cables and wires; others are sent wirelessly through the air. Communication System IT Application Tools in Business & Accounting COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION RECEIVING DEVICE SENDING DEVICE DEVICE CHANNEL DEVICE  U s e s& Accounting IT Application Tools in Business of Computer Communications CHAT BLOGS E-MAIL FAX ROOMS INSTANT MESSAGING INTERNET NEWSGROUPS RSS VIDEO CONFERENCING (Really Simple Syndication) WEB VOLP WEB WEB 2.0 WIKIS (Voice over Internet Protocol) (World Wide Web) FOLDERS  OBusiness IT Application Tools in t h e r &u Accounting se of Computer Communications IM Wireless Messaging Services Wireless Internet Access Users can send and receive wireless messages using At home, work, school, and in many public locations, people three techniques: connect wirelessly to the internet. Text messaging (SMS) Hotspot- provides internet connections to mobile Picture/video messaging (MSM) computers and devices. Wireless instant messaging (IM) Wi-Fi (public locations) Bluetooth (location-based services) Mobile wireless network- provides highspeed internet connections for users within network’s range.  OBusiness IT Application Tools in t h e r &u Accounting se of Computer Communications Cybercafés (Internet Cafe) Global Positioning Systems When mobile users travel without their devices, they can A navigation system that consists of one or more earth- visit this to access e-mail, the web, and other internet based receivers that accept and analyze signals sent by services. satellites in order to determine the receivers geographic location.  OBusiness IT Application Tools in t h e r &u Accounting se of Computer Communications Collaboration Groupware Provide a means to collaborate, or work online, with other A software that helps groups of people work together on users connected to a server. projects and share information over a network. Collaborative software- enable users to share documents via online meetings. Web conferencing Document management system- provides for storage and management of company’s documents.  OBusiness IT Application Tools in t h e r &u Accounting se of Computer Communications Voice Mail Web Services Allows someone to leave a voice message for one or It describes standardized software that enables more people. programmers to create applications that communicates with other remote computers over the internet or over an internal business network. Mashup- web application that combine services to create new application.  NETWORK A collection of computers and devices connected together via communication devices. It allows computer to share resources, such as hardware, software, data, and information. When a computer connects to a network, it is online.  WAN A network that covers a large geographic area using a Wide Area Network communications channel that covers many types of media. MAN A high-speed network that connects LANs in a Metropolitan Area Network metropolitan area such as city, town or across that region. LAN Local Area Network Connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area.  IT Application Tools in Business & Accounting Network NETWORK ARCHITECTURE The design of computers, devices, and media in a network, is categorized as either client/server or peer-to-peer. CLIENT/SERVER INTERNET SERVER Client PEER-TO-PEER NETWORK PEER-TO-PEER one or more computer controls access to other computers a simple inexpensive file sharing network act as a server; the the hardware, and mobile devices network that typically other computers on connects fewer than 10 describes an internet software and other are on the network computers. Each computer network on which the network request resources on the that rely on the called a peer and has equal users access each services from the network. server for its responsibilities and other’s hard disk and sever. resources. capabilities sharing of data. exchange files directly. IT Application Tools in Business & Accounting Network NETWORK TOPOLOGIES It refers to the layout of the computers and devices in a communications network. STAR BUS RING NETWORK NETWORK NETWORK  IT Application Tools in Business & Accounting Network INTRANETS An intranet is an internal network that uses internet technologies. It generally make company information accessible to employees. NETWORK COMMUNICATION STANDARDS Network Standard- defines guidelines that specify the way computers access the medium to which they are attached. Protocol- a standard that outlines characteristics of how two network devices communicate. Ethernet Wi-Fi IrDA Token Ring Bluetooth Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Transmission Control Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Worlwide Interoperability for Microwave Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCIP/IP) Access (WiMAX) Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) COMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE Communication software consists of programs that: (1) helps users establish a connection to another computer or network (system software); (2) manage the transmission of data, instructions, and information (system software); and (3) provide an interface for users to communicate with one another (application software).  COMMUNICATIONS OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) The worldwide telephone system that handles voice-oriented telephone calls. The telephone network is an integral part of computer communications. DIAL-UP LINE A temporary connection that uses one or more analog telephone lines for communication.  Com IT Application Tools in m u n i c&aAccounting Business tions over the Telephone Networks DEDICATED LINE A type of always-on connection that is established between two communications devices, unlike a dial-up line where the connection is re-established each time it is used. Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) Lines- a set of standards for digital transmission of data over standard copper telephone lines. Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)- transmits ar fast speeds on existing standard copper telephone wiring. Fiber to the Premises (FTTP)- uses fiber-optic cable to provide extremely high-speed internet access to a user’s physical permanent location. T-Carrier Lines- any of several types of long-distance digital telephone lines that carry multiple signals over a single communication line. Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)- a service that carries voice, data, video, and multimedia at extremely high speeds. COMMUNICATIONS DEVICES any type of hardware capable of transmitting data, instructions, and information between a sending device and a receiving device. Modem- connects a communications channel to a sending or receiving device such as computer.  Communications IT Application Tools in Business & Accounting Devices Converts digital signals to analog signals and analog signals to digital DIAL-UP signals, so that data can travel along an analog telephone line. Analog MODEM Digital Send and receives data and information to and from a digital line. ISDN modem DIGITAL DSL modem MODEM Cable modem Wireless modem WIRELESS Uses the cellphone network to connect to the internet wirelessly. MODEM  Communications IT Application Tools in Business & Accounting Devices Network Cards Wireless Access Point Allow computers and devices to transfer data wirelessly among themselves. ROUTER Connects multiple Enables a computer or device that does not computers or have networking capability to access a network. other routers Adopter card together and USB network adapter, ExpressCard module, transmit data to PC Card, Flash card its correct Wireless network card Ethernet card destination on a Wireless access point network. Router  HOME NETWORK It connects multiple computers and devices in a home. Intelligent home network - extends the basic home network to include features such as lighting control, thermostat adjustment, and a security system. A home network can use wires, be wireless, or a combination of wired and wireless.  Home IT Application Tools in Business & Accounting Network Wired Home Networks It connects devices such as printers and scanners with cables connected to a Home Network. Ethernet Network - connects each computer to a central network hub or similar device with a physical cable. Powerline Cable Network - A network that uses the same lines that bring electricity into the house. Phoneline Network - It is an easy-to-install and inexpensive network that uses existing telephone lines in the home. Wireless Home Networks A convenient home network that can span multiple rooms or spaces in a house in its network range.  COMMUNICATIONS CHANNEL It is a transmission media on which data, instructions, or information travel in a communications system. Bandwidth The amount of data, instructions, and information that can travel over a communications channel sometimes Transmission media It consists of materials or substances capable of carrying one or more signals. Broadband media It transmit multiple signals simultaneously. Home and business users today opt for broadband Internet access because of the fast transfer rates.  PHYSICAL TRANSMISSION MEDIA It is used in communications include twisted-pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber-optic cable. TYPES OF CABLES Twisted-Pair Cable Coaxial Cable Fiber-Optic Cable consisting of one or several consists of a single copper consists of dozens or pairs of copper wires bundled wire surrounded by at least hundreds of thin strands of together. three layers: (1) an insulating glass or plastic that use light material, (2) a woven or to transmit signals. braided metal, and (3) a plastic outer coating  WIRELESS TRANSMISSION MEDIA It Is more convenient than installing cables. In addition, businesses use wireless transmission media in locations where it is impossible to install cables. TYPES OF WIRELESS TRANSMISSION MEDIA CELLULAR COMMUNICATION INFRARED RADIO SATELLITE BROADCAST MICROWAVES RADIO  IT Application Tools in BusinessW & iAccounting reless Transmission Media Infrared - It is a wireless transmission medium that sends signals using infrared light waves. Broadcast Radio - A wireless transmission medium that distributes radio signals through the air over long distances such as between cities, regions, and countries and short distances such as within an office or home. Cellular Radio - A form of broadcast radio that is used widely for mobile communications, specifically wireless modems and cellphones.  IT Application Tools in BusinessW & iAccounting reless Transmission Media Microwaves - Radio waves that provide a high- speed signal transmission. Microwave station - Earth-based reflective dish that contains the antenna, transceivers (which both send and receive signals from wireless devices), and other equipment necessary for microwave communications. Microwave transmission - used in environments where installing physical transmission media is difficult or impossible and where line-of-sight transmission is available. Communications Satellite - A space station that receives microwave signals from an earth-based station, amplifies (strengthens) the signals, and broadcasts the signals back over a wide area to any number of earth-based stations.  C H ATools IT Application P T EinRBusiness 8: C& OAccounting MMUNICATION AND NETWORK SUMMARY COMMUNICATIONS Network Topologies Communication System Intranets Network Communications Standards. USES OF COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS Blogs, Chat Rooms, E-Mail, Fax, FTP, COMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE Instant Messaging, Internet, Newsgroups, RSS, Video Conferencing, VoIP, Web, Web COMMUNICATIONS OVER THE TELEPHONE 2.0, Web Folders, and Wikis NETWORK Wireless Messaging Services Dial-Up Lines Wireless Internet Access Points Dedicated Lines Cybercafés Global Positioning Systems COMMUNICATIONS DEVICES Collaboration Dial-Up Modems Groupware Digital Modems: ISDN, DSL, and Cable Voice Mail Wireless Modems Web Services Network Cards Wireless Access Points NETWORKS Routers LANs, MANs, and WANs Network Architectures  C H ATools IT Application P T EinRBusiness 8: C& OAccounting MMUNICATION AND NETWORK SUMMARY HOME NETWORKS Wired Home Networks Wireless Home Networks COMMUNICATIONS CHANNEL Bandwidth Broadband Media PHYSICAL TRANSMISSION MEDIA Types of Cables Twisted-Pair Cable Coaxial Cable Fiber-Optic Cable WIRELESS TRANSMISSION MEDIA. Infrared Broadcast Radio Cellular Radio Microwaves Communications Satellite Thank You So. Thank You So. Thank You So. Back