2024 AICE US Midterm Review KEY PDF

AICE U.S. Midterm Review: Causes of the Civil War and the Civil War Section 1: Narrative fill-in-the-blank summary: The Missouri Compromise was passed in the year (1)1820. The provisions of the Missouri Compromise included: (2) Missouri would be admitted as a (3) Slave state. (4) Maine would be admi...

AICE U.S. Midterm Review: Causes of the Civil War and the Civil War Section 1: Narrative fill-in-the-blank summary: The Missouri Compromise was passed in the year (1)1820. The provisions of the Missouri Compromise included: (2) Missouri would be admitted as a (3) Slave state. (4) Maine would be admitted as a (5)Free state. A horizontal line would be drawn at (6)36*30’ dividing the free and slave states. (7)James Monroe was president during the Missouri Compromise. The Missouri Compromise was proposed by (8)Henry Clay who was also one of the founders of the (9)Whig party. (10)Abolition was the term used for the complete elimination of slavery from the United States. The idea was mostly confined to the (11)Northern states. The anti- slavery novel (12)Uncle Tom’s Cabin showed a real life depiction of slave life and had a profound effect on slavery views. It was written by (13)Harriet Beecher Stowe.(14)James K Polk became president in 1844. He was a member of the (15)Democratic party. He pushed for the (16)Annexation of Texas, and (17)expansion of the United States into the west, also known as manifest destiny. He was (18)pro- slavery. He was president during the (19)Mexican-American War. Many northern members of the Whig party were in opposition to the war. The head general during this war was Zachary Taylor. He was a member of the (20)Whig party. The (21)Wilmot Proviso would annex Texas as a Slave state, the rest of the territory would be (22)Free. This act (23)failed in congress. The one issue political party that wanted to keep slavery out of the new territories was called the (24)Free-soil party. The idea that the people of a state would decide for themselves if they wanted to be a free or slave state was called (25)Popular Sovreignty. The Compromise of 1850 was written by (26)Henry Clay, (27)Stephen Douglas, (28)John C Calhoun (29)Daniel Webster, (30) William Seward, and (31)Jefferson Davis. The provisions of the Compromise of 1850 would include (32)California becoming a free state, (33)Creation of NM & Utah territories, (34)Texas border finalized, (35)Fugitive Slave Act, and (36)slave trade outlawed in DC. (37)The Fugitive Slave Act was the most controversial element of the compromise. The Kansas-Nebraska Act was proposed in the year (38)1854. It stated that the slave status of Kansas and Nebraska would be determined by (40)Popular sovreignty. It was proposed by Stephen Douglas. The Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the (41) Missouri Compromise of 1820. The Republican Party formed from former (42)Whigs, (43)free-soilers, and (44)abolitionists. The Republican Party platform was dedicated to stopping the (45)spread of slavery. Bleeding Kansas was described as a mini (46)civil war that erupted in Kansas between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions. Missouri residents who hopped the Kansas Border to illegally sweep the polls for pro-slavery were called (47)border ruffians. The (48)Pottawatomie Massacre occurred when an anti-slavery mob led by mentally unstable abolitionist (49)John Brown entered the pro-slavery settlement of Pottawatomie, Kansas and set off guerilla warfare. In 1858, a slave man from Virginia was moved to the free Wisconsin territory where his master then died. He tried to buy his citizenship because he believed this made him a free man. This led to a Supreme Court case called (50)Dred Scott v Sandford. The Supreme Court Ruled (51)against Dred Scott. Chief Justice (51)Roger B Taney wrote the majority opinion. The Lincoln Douglas Debates were a series of debates for the (52)Illinois Senate election between (52)Abraham Lincoln and (53)Stephen Douglas. (54)Lincoln lost the election but became a national figure. Abolitionist John Brown led a final raid in Virginia known as the (55)Raid on Harper’s Ferry where he armed slaves and was then captured hanged but remembered as a Martyr for the anti-slavery cause. The 1860 presidential election was between Republican candidate (56)Lincoln. The Democratic party was split between candidates (57)Douglas and the stronger pro-slavery candidate (58)John Breckinridge. (59)Lincoln won the 1860 election with only (60)40% of the popular vote. It was the first time a president was elected by a clear (61)sectional vote. Lincoln stated in his inaugural address that he would not (62)abolish. The southern states chose to secede anyway. The first state to secede was (63)South Carolina in 1861. The first “unofficial” battle of the Civil War was (64)Fort Sumter where Confederate troops opened fire on a union fort in Charleston, South Carolina. The North Advantages included (65) a larger population, (66)more industry, (67)a better transportation network, (68)a strong central government, and (69)a Navy. The South’s Advantages included (70)knowledge of the land, (71)fighting a defensive war, and (72)strong military leadership. The first official battle of the Civil War was (73)the First Battle of Bull Run, which ended in a Confederate victory. General Winfield Scott proposed a 3-pronged strategy for the Union called the (74)Anaconda Plan. The three part of this strategy were (75)Blockade southern ports, (76)Cut the south in half at the Mississippi River, and (78)squeeze inward toward Richmond. The Confederacy hoped to gain foreign aid from (79)Britain. (80)Conscription is forced enlistment into the military. The (81)Union instituted a draft immediately, whereas the (82)Confederacy took another year. Exemptions to the draft included (83)health reasons, (84)wealth, and (85)slave ownership. President Lincoln clashed over military strategy with general (86)McClellan because he was (87)too cautious. General (88)Robert E Lee was head general of the Confederate Army. He had resigned from the United States military and chose to fight for the south because (89)He was from Virginia. The Confederacy won early battles such as the 2nd battle of (90) Bull Run and (91)Chancellorsville. Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation in (92)1862 as a (93)political necessity. The Emancipation Proclamation (94)”freed all the slaves”, except (95)In the border states. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued after the Battle of (96)Antietam, which was a narrow victory for the (97)union. Religion played a major role in the Civil War, as both sides believed (98)God supported their cause. The Union raised finances for the war effort through (99)selling bonds, (100)printing money, and (101)taxes. Printed money was controversial because it was the first time (102)it was not backed by gold. The Confederacy tried to raise finances but they were a (103)weak government from the start. The Confederacy tried to place a (104)tax on everything but enforcement was weak and issuing of paper money lead to (105)inflation. The Union Government was divided among (106)Radical Republicans who wanted immediate abolition of all slaves and harsh punishment for the south, (107)moderate Republicans and war democrats who supported Lincoln’s policies, And (108)Copperheads who sympathized with the Confederacy and called for an end to the War. Lincoln expanded the powers of the Presidency by (109)suspending habeas corpus, or a citizen’s right to a speedy trial. In 1864 Lincoln ran for re-election on the (110)National Union Party ticket, with Vice Presidential candidate, Democrat (111)Andrew Johnson. The president of the Confederacy was (112)Jefferson Davis and the Vice President was (113)Alexander Stephens. Lincoln appoints his final head General of the Union Army, (114)Ulysses S Grant, who was known for his (115)aggressive battle strategy. The Union victory at (116)Gettysburg is known at the turning point of the civil war. After the battle Lincoln gives his most famous speech, the (117)Gettysburg Address to honor the fallen. The Confederacy still hoped for a (118)victory by prolonging the war and convincing war-weary northerners to (119)give up. (120)The March to the Sea was a march from Tennessee to Georgia led by General (121)Sherman waging all-out war. Examples included (122)scorched earth warfare, (123)burning Atlanta and (124) Columbia SC. In the Spring of 1865, Confederate General (125)Lee surrendered to Union General (126)Grant at (127)Appomattox Court House. Lincoln called for the surrender and peace agreement to be (128)unconditional, which was upheld. The Civil War is considered a Modern War due to (129)new weapons, (130)new technology, and (131)photography. The biggest killer was (132)disease. Section 2: Union or Confederacy Describe if each of the following applies to the Union or the Confederacy 1._____U_____ More men 2.______U____ More artillery 3.______U____ More rail lines 4.______C____ More experienced Military Leaders 5._______C___ Fighting defensive War 6.______C____ Constitution that protected rights of Slave Holders 7.______U____ Had a Navy 8.______C____ General Robert E Lee 9._______C___ Instituted conscription at the start of the War 10._____U____ Anaconda Plan 11._____U___ More industry 12.______U___ Government based on a strong Federal Government 13._____C____ President Jefferson Davis 14.______C___ Government based on state’s rights 15.______U___ President Abraham Lincoln 16.______U___ African American military units 17._____U____ General Ulysses S. Grant 18._____C____ Victory at Bull Run 19._____U____ Victory at Antietam 20._____U___ Victory at Gettysburg Section 3: Key people Name the historical figure that fits each description Africa 1.William Seward Secretary of State during the Civil War under President Lincoln 2.Andrew Johnson Lincoln’s Vice President on the National Union Ticket 3.Ulysses S Grant Union commander known for his aggressive battle strategy 4.Stephen Douglas Won the 1858 Illinois Senate Seat against Lincoln 5.James Monroe President who signed the Missouri Compromise 6. James K Polk President during the Mexican American War who believed in Manifest Destiny 7.Alexander Stephens Vice President of the Confederacy 8.Robert E Lee Confederate General who turned down the Union job because he was loyal to Virginia 9.Andrew Jackson First Democratic President of the United States 10.Frederick Douglass African American abolitionist leader famous for his North Star newspaper 11.Harriet Beecher Stowe Writer of the novel, Uncle Tom’s Cabin 12.Winfield Scott Created the Anaconda Plan 13.Stonewall Jackson Confederate General famous for being Lee’s right hand man 14.Abraham Lincoln First Republican President of the United States 15.Jefferson Davis President of the Confederacy 16. Henry Clay Proposed the Missouri Compromise and Compromise of 1850 17.Zachary Taylor General during the Mexican American war who later became a Whig President 18.William T Sherman Union General who led a scorched earth march through Georgia 19.Harriet Tubman Most famous conductor of the Underground Railroad 20.George McClellan Union General who was removed by Lincoln for being too cautious Section 4: Party identity Describe if each of the following applies to Republicans, Democrats, Whigs, or some combination of the three. 1.____R______Party of Abraham Lincoln 2._____D_____Largely based in the South 3._____D_____Party of James Polk 4.______R____ Made up of former northern Whigs, anti-slavery democrats, and free soilers 5._______D___ Party of Stephen Douglas 6._____R,W_____ Largely based in the North 7._____W___Divided over the issue of Slavery 8._____R____Anti-Slavery Party 9._____W___Party of Zachary Taylor 10.____D___States’ Rights Party 11.____D__ Party of Jefferson Davis 12.______R___Formed in 1854 13.______R___Formed in opposition to the Kansas-Nebraska Act 14._____W____Founded by Henry Clay 15._____W___ Party in opposition to the Democrats throughout the 1830’s and 1840’s Section 5: Timeline Organize the following events in order.... Make sure to include accurate dates for each event: 1.Compromise of 1850 2. Emancipation Proclamation 3. Formation of the Republican Party 4. Fall of Fort Sumter 5. Kansas-Nebraska Act 6. Mexican American War 7. Lincoln Douglas Debates 8. Gettysburg 9. Election of Lincoln 10. Battle of Antietam 11. Dred Scott v. Sanford 12. Missouri Compromise 13. Battle of Bull Run 14. Surrender at Appomattox 15. Secession of the Southern States 1. Missouri Compromise March 6 1820 2. Mexican-American War April 25 1846- Feb. 2 1848 3. Compromise of 1850- Sept. 1850 4. Formation of Republican Party- March 20 1854 5. Kansas-Nebraska Act May 30, 1854 6. Dred Scott v Sandford- March 6 1857 7. Lincoln-Douglas Debates Aug 21-Oct 15 1858 8. Election of Lincoln November 6 1860 9. Secession of Southern States December 20 1860- May 20 1861 10. Fall of Fort Sumter- April 12-13 1861 11. Battle of Bull Run- July 21 1861 12. Battle of Antietam- September 17 1862 13. Emancipation Proclamation-September 22 1862- took effect 1/1/63 14. Gettysburg; Battle-July 1-3 1863; Address- November 19, 1863 15. Surrender at Appomattox- April 9 1865