Contemporary-Philippine-Arts-from-the-Regions-Quarter-1.pdf

REPORTERS NUMBER 2 Elements and Principles of Art Elements and principles of art are being introduced in Module 1: Arts in the Philippines. In module 1, the elements and principles of art is introduced to describe the various contemporary art forms from the regions of the Philippines general...

REPORTERS NUMBER 2 Elements and Principles of Art Elements and principles of art are being introduced in Module 1: Arts in the Philippines. In module 1, the elements and principles of art is introduced to describe the various contemporary art forms from the regions of the Philippines generally from Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. The elements of art are space, line, shape and form, color, value, and texture. Meanwhile, the principles of art are proportion, harmony, variety, movement, rhythm, balance, and emphasis. Now, let’s discuss this elements and principles of art further. Elements of Art 1. Line An element of art that is used to define shape, contours, and outlines, also to suggest mass and volume. It may be a continuous mark made on a surface with a pointed tool or implied by the edges of shapes and forms. Line may come in two characteristics: form – curved, dotted, or broken lines; and direction – vertical, horizontal, or diagonal lines. Different characteristics of lines may convey different meanings: a) Horizontal Line creates an impression of serenity and perfect stability. b) Vertical Line creates an impression of strength and perfect stability. c) Diagonal Line creates an impression of action. d) Curved Line creates an impression of gradual change of direction. e) Circular Line creates an impression of abrupt change of direction. Moreover, lines can be classified into different types: a) Outlines are made by the edge of an object or its silhouette. b) Contour Lines describe the shape of an object and the interior detail. c) Expressive Lines catch the movement and gestures of an active figure. d) Sketch Lines capture the appearance of an object or impression of a place. e) Calligraphic Lines are the elegant handwriting or lettering done by hand. f) Implied Lines are lines that are not actually drawn but created by a group of objects seen from a distance. 2. Shape Shape is an area that is enclosed by a line or lines. Shapes are two dimensional figures with height and width. There are different kinds of shapes and these are geometric shapes, organic shapes, positive shapes, negative shapes, static shapes, and dynamic shapes. a) Geometric Shapes are circles, squares, rectangles, triangles, and other geometric shapes. b) Organic Shapes are shapes found in nature and are free flowing, informal and irregular (abstract shapes). c) Positive Shapes are the solid forms in a design. d) Negative Shapes are the space around the positive shape. e) Static Shapes are shapes that appears stable and resting. f) Dynamic Shapes are shapes that appears moving and active. 3. Color Colors are the way we see light reflected from a surface or refracted through a prism. Colors we see in nature are reflections of light on the surfaces around us. We can classify colors into primary colors, secondary colors, tertiary colors, analogous colors, complementary colors, monochromatic colors, warm colors, and cool colors. a) Primary colors are red, blue, and yellow. b) Secondary colors are the resulting colors when the two of the primary colors are mix. The secondary colors are purple, green, and orange. c) Tertiary colors are the resulting colors when two of the primary and/or secondary colors are mix. The tertiary colors are amber, vermilion, magenta, violet, teal, and chartreuse. d) Analogous Colors are colors that lie nest to each other based on the color wheel. Example of analogous colors are yellow, orange, and red. e) Complementary colors are colors that are opposite to each other based on the color wheel. Examples of complementary colors are red and green, blue and orange, and purple and yellow. f) Monochromatic Colors are several values of one color. g) Warm colors are colors that give the feeling of warmth. The warm colors are yellow, amber, orange, vermilion, red, and magenta. h) Cool colors are colors that give the feeling of coolness. The cool colors are purple, violet, blue, teal, green, and chartreuse. 4. Space Space refers to distances or areas around, between or within components of a piece and refers to the arrangement of objects on the picture plane (two-dimensional). In visual arts, space may either be positive space or negative space. Positive space refers to a part which is enclosed in a shape. Meanwhile, negative space refers to the opposite part which the shape is enclosing. Moreover, perspective is a technical means by which we perceive distance in painting, by which we are made to see the position of objects in space. a) In one-point perspective, we perceive that the position of objects meets at one point on the horizontal line. b) In two-point perspective, we perceive that the position of objects meets at two points on the horizontal line. 5. Texture Texture is the element that appeals to our sense of feel on thingsrough or smooth, bumpy or slippery. It is the character of the surface of an artwork. a) Real texture is the actual texture of an object. Artist may create real texture in art to give it visual interest or evoke a feeling. b) Implied texture made a piece of art to look like a certain texture. Like a drawing of a tree trunk may look rough but in fact it is just a smooth piece of paper. 6. Value Value pertains to the lightness or darkness of a color in a given artwork. Value can be changed by adding white or black to a color and these described as tint and shade. a) Tint pertains to the lightness of a color. b) Shade pertains to the darkness of a color. 7. Form Form is the three-dimensionality of an object. It has dimensions of height, width, and length. According to Mader (2019), the elements of art are the visual tools that the artist uses to create a composition. Consequently, principles of art represent how the artist uses elements of art to create an effect and convey the artist's intent. Principles of Art 1. Rhythm This refers to the repetition of certain elements to produce a pattern. 2. Movement  Movement is the illusion of motion in a painting, sculpture, or design. 3, Balance Balance refers to the visual weight in a picture. It refers to the even distribution of positions of elements in an artwork. The principle of balance can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. a) Symmetrical balance refers to an artwork wherein its both sides has the same elements in the same position. b) Asymmetrical balance refers to an artwork wherein it is balance through the contrast or differences of any of the elements of art. 4. Proportion Proportion refers to the relationships of the size of objects in a body of work. 5. Contrast This principle shows differences between elements of art in an artwork. It shows how stronger each element of art in relation to one another. 6. Variety This principle of art refers to the diversity or the different elements used in an artwork to make it more interesting. 7. Emphasis Emphasis refers to the greater impact or highlight given to a certain element in an artwork. 8. Harmony This principle of art refers to the unity of an artwork. It is about the arrangement of the related elements that makes an artwork to be viewed as a whole. These elements and principles of arts are very important aspects in understanding and appreciating arts. It helps an artist to make an artistic artwork which conveys their essential ideas or their intent. However, it is not just served as a help to artists but also to the viewers. Through the elements and principles of art present in an artwork, viewers will be able to understand, appreciate, and evaluate an artwork. Hence, we will apply elements and principles of art in evaluating artworks. REPORTERS NUMBER 3 Art: Meaning and Forms Different kinds of local artworks have sprung not only in the urban centers of the country and in schools of arts of different educational institutions but also a lot more of never seen or heard art forms from the countryside have made known and have become renowned. The seeming isolation and distance of many communities in far flung regions have kept the beauty and significance of countless forms of Philippine art. It is real good news that they have been exposed and have been expressed. Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions is not just a subject that has to be learned. It wants Contemporary Philippine Arts to be viewed, to be understood and to be appreciated in the context as they were created. It is essential to know and understand the meaning of the term contemporary when used in defining Contemporary Philippine Arts. Understanding it would pave the way for better appreciation of the arts in the Philippine context. Understanding Philippine Arts would provide a better perception of the details, context, meaning and significance of the artworks placed in a cultural, political and historical context. It is also important to differentiate Modern Philippine Arts from Contemporary Philippine Arts. It would be easy to misunderstand the two by treating them as interchangeably the same. The recent years revealed a conglomeration or mix of different art forms and art media that are expressions of the times where we live in. Many art forms are integrated to create artworks that are quite different from Classical and Modern Arts. Integrative Art has become part of Contemporary Art. Contemporary Art is evident when we go to the different regions and provinces of our country. Each artwork exhibiting its own uniqueness and meaning. People get out of their houses to go to school, to work or to buy something. Almost all of them are unmindful of their surroundings as they seldom pay attention to the daily usual sights and sounds. They all come back home with same circumstances. The signages, billboards, music, pictures and other similar visual and auditory presentations have become a conglomeration of perceived mundane elements of daily life. Thus, the beauty, relevance, significance and implications of these otherwise monotonous external stimuli are seldom comprehended and appreciated. What do you see in the picture? Did they catch our attention? Cite its significance or importance  What do you see in the picture? Are their colors and font styles appealing? Why or why not? Cite their significance or importance. What do you see in the picture? Are they inspiring or distracting? Why or why not? Cite its significance or importance. What do you see in the picture? Are they worth watching? Why or why not? Cite its significance or importance. The pictures presented in the previous activity are depictions of the artworks that are seen today. Present day art has a lot of variety. There are various expressions Philippine art that can be found right inside our homes and are found everywhere. The arrangement of furniture, home décor, the way a mother cooks a particular kind of food to the jeepney designs and signages, architecture of buildings, billboard designs and other unnoticed works of art, comprise the “art of today.” The artworks and styles of the past have evolved and have adapted to a dynamic changing world, a world immersed in the latest technology and emerging ideologies. These artworks and styles are created, witnessed and experienced in our lifetime by artists and style experts catering to Millennial and Gen Z viewers, and techy clientele. These artworks are collectively known as Contemporary Art The term contemporary has been defined as something “happening, existing, living, or coming into being during the same period of time” (Merriam-Webster). Assuming this definition, Contemporary Art refers to art of any form and genre that produced in our contemporary time, simply put as “art created today.” It should not be confused with Modern Art which ranges from the end of the 19th Century until the 1970’s or 1980’s or the late 20th Century. It will put Contemporary Art from the late 20th Century to the present. Modern Art differs from Contemporary Art historically and contextually. Contemporary Art Contemporary Art is influenced by the economic, social, political and environmental context where the artist is immersed in. It can be said that Contemporary Art is the artist’s expression of his perception and comprehension of these contexts. Contemporary Arts in the Philippines is as diverse as our people. Contemporary Philippine Art is not confined to the usual genres of the four main art forms, namely, visual, literary, applied and performing arts. Genres are categories of artistic creation and are characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter. Many other genres came up which include pure are forms as well as mixed art forms. The following are examples from each art form: Contemporary Art is prominent in the Philippines and has been appreciated by so many people, and some of them were not even aware that they are looking at fine examples of Contemporary Art. Many contemporary Philippine artworks have earned the admiration and respect of viewers from here and abroad. These artworks are expressions of the artist’s thoughts and feelings based on their experience of the here and now. These include current events, issues and social concerns affecting the society where the artist lives in. Contemporary Philippine artists hail from the different regions of the country. They use a wide variety of art media in their creations, some of the media are materials that are readily available in the locality where the artist resides. Contemporary Philippine artworks are multifaceted and are expressive renditions of the artist’s perception of what were observed and experienced. These artists create, work and make art in their personal context. Viewers can appreciate contemporary Philippine art more by employing all of their senses. Viewing art is not just a detached experienced but a deep personal experience of dwelling into the artist’s mind and heart.  Expressions of Contemporary Philippine Art are influenced by social, historical, geographical, ideational, personal and technical factors. These factors are imbibed by the artist and are combined to get immersed in the heart, to get molded in the mind and to be propelled in the hands to create an expressive reality. Principles of Contemporary Art Contemporary Arts have different elements that are put together to come up with a distinct artwork. These principles include: 1. Appropriation, this relates to the modifications made by the artist. 2. Hybridity, this refers in the use of different art mediums that are put together. 3. Technology, its application highlights the creativity of the artist. 4. Performance, carried out for viewers to experience. 5. Space, intricate use of space. These principles are combined in different ways to come up with Integrative Art. Integrative Art employs the use of different art elements used together in distinct different expressions. Thus, it becomes a combination of different art forms for specific groups of viewers. Integrative art is also a fusion of different art disciplines using different styles and media in creating art. It can be found in different places of the country, usually in urban areas where artists have ready access to different art forms and media. Examples of Integrative Art include the use of computer applications combined with other media, the use of non-traditional art materials in creating artworks usually done with mixed art forms. Contemporary Art Forms from the Philippine Regions With modern technology and easy access to far-flung areas of the country, many artworks have become known and many more are being created by present day artists from the different regions. All forms of art can be found throughout the country. Artworks coming from the seventeen regions of the three main island groups of Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao, have been exhibited in different exhibition halls and museums. Viewers have come to know and, more importantly, to understand the present-day art expressions of artists who want their culture, situation and issues be known through their artworks. The distinct features of Contemporary Philippine Art include: 1. Communal nature, as it reflects the relationships build around the bonds of community and society. 2. Intuitive, as Filipinos are immersed in their consciousness of themselves, their community and their culture. 3. Holistic, as individuals, groups of people and events are perceived in their entirety as well as the unitive use of art materials and forms. 4. Creative process, as the artist puts more emphasis on now their artwork was made than on the artwork itself. 5. Integrative, as it encompasses religious, moral, spiritual, social, and environmental concerns. 6. Multi-focal, as it considers everything and everyone, the wide perspective of the artwork as well as both artist and viewer. Analyzing Contemporary Philippine Arts  Contemporary Philippine Art considers not only the artist but also the participation of the community through the viewers. The experience is not solely confined to the creator of the artwork but also to its viewer. Being member of the community and a viewer, you can also take part in creating art. There is no established or fixed standard in creating contemporary art. The artist is free to render his artwork with the use of various materials, traditional or non-traditional, any combination of style and technique, and choice of form either singly or in combination. Observing Art: Understanding the Form, Media and Style Integrative Art comes in different sizes and shapes, forms and styles. This art can be observed in Junk Art. Junk Art is a sculptural rendition using discarded or used materials usually scrap plastic, cartons, paper, metal or glass. Observe and analyze this artwork and answer the questions: What is being depicted in this artwork? What kind of art is this? What materials were used in creating this artwork? Cite the significance or importance of this kind of artwork. Processing: 1. What kind of media or materials were used in this kind of art? 2. What other media or materials can be used aside from those identified in the picture? 3. If you will be given the chance to create this kind of art, what would you create? 4. What media or materials would you use in creating your artwork? 5. Cite the possible obstacles or difficulties you might encounter in creating this artwork. Give your understanding of the following terms with reference to creating art: 1. Para-paraan 2. Diskarte 3. Galing 4. Bihasa 5. Sanay REPORTERS NUMBER 4 Contemporary Art Forms from the Regions Different kinds of local artworks have sprung not only in the urban centers of the country and in schools of arts of different educational institutions but also a lot more of never before seen or heard art forms from the countryside have made known and have become renowned. The seeming isolation and distance of many communities in far flung regions have kept the beauty and significance of countless forms of Philippine art. It is real good news that they have been exposed and have been expressed. The role of diverse art forms from the different places of the Philippines to the country’s culture, tradition, and identity is highlighted and greatly appreciated in the previous lessons. With that, let us check your ideas about Arts in the Philippines. Directions: Read each statement about various art forms in the Philippines. Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if otherwise. Write your answer on your answer sheet. _______ 1. Dance, Theater and Music are kinds of visual arts. _______ 2. Visual artworks of indigenous people are for their entertainment only. _______ 3. Vaudeville is one of the performance arts introduced to us by the Americans. _______ 4. People nowadays are experimenting and mixing forms when it comes to contemporary arts. _______ 5. The colonizers have a significant influence on Philippine visual arts and is still prominent today. Various art forms are known from the different regions or island groups of the Philippines; generally, from Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. Through these various art forms, we tend to picture out the different practices of Filipinos from the different regions that, when integrated, describe what the Philippines is. To start our learning of the different various art forms from the different regions or island groups of the Philippines, examine the following images of arts and process your thoughts with the help of the guide questions below These are the guide questions: 1. Which of the following images of art is an example of literature? 2. Which of the following images of art is an example of dance?  3. Which of the following images of art is an example of sculpture? 4. What is the significance or importance of those art works depicted in each images? The Philippine Contemporary Art can be classified into seven major art forms. These are painting, sculpture, architecture, film, literature, music and theater, and dance. Knowing these classifications will guide us in identifying and exploring different contemporary art forms from the regions of the Philippines. So, let’s start classifying and exploring the Philippine’s contemporary art forms! PHILIPPINE CONTEMPORARY ARTS Philippine contemporary arts can be described into visual arts, literary arts and performing arts. Visual art is an expression of artistic ideas through images, structures, and tactile work. Some visual artworks are integrated which means it combines several mediums to create new and unique artwork. Painting, sculpture, architecture, and film are examples of visual arts. Painting Painting the expression of ideas and emotions, with the creation of certain aesthetic qualities, in a two- dimensional visual language. The elements of this language – its shapes, lines, colors, tones, and textures – are used in various ways to produce sensations of volume, space, movement, and light on a flat surface. The first paintings here in the Philippines are commissioned works during Spanish colonization. Here are some paintings from Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. Sculpture The sculpture is an art form in which hard or plastic materials are worked into three-dimensional art objects. Filipino sculptors came to be known in the middle of the 19th century. These are some of the sculptures in the Philippines. Architecture Architecture is the art and practice of designing and constructing buildings (Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary & Thesaurus). In relation to that, Philippine architecture was characterized as simple, rational, and functional. In the 20th century, the young Filipino who studied in American colleges and institutes introduced the neoclassic style in building structures. However, after World War II, real estate development started to take place (Sandagan & Sayseng, 2016). To illustrate these architectural designs, these are some examples from Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. Film Film is a form of visual art use to imitate experiences that communicate ideas, stories, or feelings with the use of moving images. It is also called a movie or motion picture. Moreover, the art form that is the result of the film is called cinema (Faber & Walters, 2003). The film industry in the Philippines started in 1897. In the contemporary period, martyr wife, superhero, action, melodramas, and comedies are some of the usual subjects and themes in the Philippine films. Some films in the Philippines are presented below.  Apart from visual arts, there are Philippine contemporary art forms that can be described as literary arts. Literary arts are an expression of ideas through writing. Literary arts can be categorized as poetry, prose, and drama. In the Philippines, literary arts are greatly encountered in literature. Literature According to Lombardi (2020), literature is a term used to describe written and sometimes spoken material. Derived from the Latin word literature meaning "writing formed with letters," literature most commonly refers to works of the creative imagination, including poetry, drama, fiction, nonfiction, and in some instances, journalism, and song. These are some examples of Philippine literature. Luzon Visayas Mindanao A Blade of Fern by Edith Ocampo Panhayhay hin Bungtohanon by Dead Stars by Paz Marquez I Saw the Fall of the Philippines Francisco Alvarado Benitez by Carlos P. Romulo An Higugma by Iluminado Indarapatra at Sulayman by Lucente Bartolome Del Valle Furthermore, there are also Philippine contemporary art forms that can be described as performance arts. A person doing certain actions and movements in front of an audience that go along with sound in a space and time is called Performing Arts. Music and Theater Music is a collection of coordinated sound or sounds. According to Ramon P. Santos in his article entitles Contemporary Music, Contemporary music in the Philippines usually refers to compositions that have adopted ideas and elements from twentieth-century art music in the West, as well as the latest trends and musical styles in the entertainment industry. Filipino Music had already a rich and unique musical tradition long before westerners set foot on our native land. Music was present in every stage of our ancestors’ lives — from birth to death, in blissful or tragic times. Below are some Music from the different Regions of our country. Theatre is a collaborative form of fine art that uses live performers to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place. The performers may communicate this experience to the audience through combinations of gesture, speech, song, music, or dance. Some of the Theater Play in the Philippines are the following. Dance Dance, the movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and within a given space, for the purpose of expressing an idea or emotion, releasing energy, or simply taking delight in the movement itself. Dances in the Philippines vary from Region to Region and below are some dances of the different regions.  Analyzing Contemporary Philippine Arts Directions: Answer the following questions truthfully with at least 3 ideas. Write your answer on the answer sheet provided. 1. Why do we need to know the Various Contemporary Art forms from different regions? 2. 2. After learning the Various Contemporary Art form from the different regions, how this lesson helps you in appreciating Contemporary Art forms? REPORTERS NUMBER 5 Quarter 1 - Module 4 National Artists of the Philippines Lesson 2 National Artists of the Philippines By its definition, a National Artist is a Filipino who has made a significant contribution to the development of Philippine arts in the fields of Music, Dance, Theater, Visual Arts, Literature, Film and Architecture. A Filipino individual who should have been awarded the highest national recognition for the arts namely, National Artist Award. In Filipino context, it is also known as the Gawad Pambansang Alagad ng Sining. The Philippines value many significant Filipino artist who have a prominent contribution to the promotion and preservation of our cultural heritage. They have made a notable contribution in their own field of expertise, obtaining them the Order of National Artist. Categories for the Order of National Artist are, Music, Dance, Theater, Visual Arts, Literature, film and Broadcast Arts and Architecture or Allied Arts. The Order of National Artist The Order of the National Artists Award (Orden ng Gawad Pambansang Alagad ng Sining) is the highest national recognition given to Filipino individuals who have made significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts. The order is concurrent administered by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP) and conferred by the President of the Philippines upon recommendation by both institutions. The award is one of the Honors conferred by the Republic of the Philippines that represents the nation’s highest ideals in the humanities and aesthetic expression through the recognizable achievements of individual citizens. The said achievements are measured in terms of their vision, unusual insight, creativity and imagination, technical proficiency of the highest order in expressing Filipino culture and traditions, history, way of life, and aspirations. Under the Proclamation No.1001 dated April 27, 1072 the Order of the National Artist Award (Orden ng Gawad Pambansang Alagad ng Sining was established. It gives an appropriate recognition and prestige to Filipinos who have acclaimed themselves and made a remarkable contribution to Philippine arts and letters. The first award was given to Fernando Amorsolo. On May 15, 1973 under the Proclamation No. 1144, CCP Board of Trustees was named as the National Artist Awards Committee. The Presidential Decree No.28 that was issued on June 7, 1973 reiterated the mandate of CCP to administer the National Awards as well as the privileges and honors to National Artist. The Order of National Artists aims to recognize: 1.The Filipino artists who have made significant contributions to the cultural heritage of the country. 2.The Filipino artistic accomplishment at its highest level and to promote creative expression as significant to the development of a national cultural identity. 3.The Filipino artists who have dedicated their lives to their works to forge new paths and directions for future generations of Filipino artists. The following are the seven categories under which National Artists can be recognized: 1. Literature – poetry, fiction, essay, playwriting, journalism and/or literary criticism; 2. Film and Broadcasting / Broadcast Arts – direction, writing, production design, cinematography, editing, camera work, and/or performance; and 3. Architecture, Design and Allied Arts– architecture design, interior design, industrial arts design, landscape architecture and fashion design. 4. Music - singing, composition, direction, and/or performance; 5. Dance - choreography, direction and/or performance; 6. Theater – direction, performance and/or production design; 7. Visual Arts – painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, installation art, mixed media works, illustration, graphic arts, performance art and/or imaging; Qualifications for the National Artist Award The qualifications for a Filipino to be nominated and selected are rigorous. Below are the qualifications for the National Artist Award. 1. Living artists who are natural-born Filipino citizens. 2. The content and form of their work have procured in building a Filipino sense of nationhood. 3. An artist who have developed a mode of creative expression or style and living a legend on succeeding generations of artists. 4. An artist who manifest excellence in the practice of their art form 5. The artwork made has attained an international and national recognition. Insignia of the Order of the National Artists The insignia of the Order of the National Artists is formed from a Grand Collar featuring circular links depicting the arts and an eight-pointed sunburst suspended from a sampaguita wreath in green and white enamel. The center of the badge is divided into three equal portions, in red, white and blue representing the Philippine Flag with three stylized letter K’s that stands for the CCP’s motto “ Katotohanan, Kabutihan at Kagandahan “ ( The true, the good and the beautiful ). The Grand Collar is made from silver gilt bronze. National Artists of the Philippines The following are the National Artists of the Philippines grouped according to their categories and arranged to the chronology of National Artist Award: 1973 Juan Nakpil 1976 Pablo Antonio 1990 Leandro Locsin Architecture 2006 Ildefonso P. Santos Jr. 2014 José María Zaragoza 2018 Francisco Mañosa 1973 Francisca R. Aquino 1976 Leonor Orosa 1988 Lucrecia Reyes Dance 2006 Ramon Obusan 2014 Alice Reyes 2022 Agnes Locsin 2006 Ramón Valera Fashion Design 2022 Salvacion Lim Higgins 1976 Lamberto V. Avellana 1982 Gerardo de León 1997 Lino Brocka Film and Broadcast Arts 2001 Ishmael Bernal 2003 Eddie Romero 2006 Fernando Poe Jr.  2009 Manuel Conde 2018 Kidlat Tahimik 2022 Nora Aunor 2022 Marilou Diaz-Abaya 2022 Ricardo Lee Historical Literature 1997 Carlos Quirino 1973 Amado V. Hernandez 1973 José Garcia Villa 1976 Nick Joaquin 1982 Carlos P. Romulo 1990 Francisco Arcellana 1997 N. V. M. Gonzalez 1999 Edith Tiempo 2001 F. Sionil José Literature 2003 Virgilio S. Almario 2003 Alejandro Roces 2006 Bienvenido Lumbera 2009 Lazaro Francisco 2014 Cirilo F. Bautista 2018 Ramon Muzones 2018 Resil B. Mojares 2022 Gémino Abad 1973 Antonio Molina 1976 Jovita Fuentes 1988 Antonino Buenaventura 1988 Lucrecia Kasilag 1991 Lucio San Pedro 1997 Levi Celerio 1997 Felipe Padilla de León Music 1997 José Maceda 1999 Ernani Joson Cuenco 1999 Andrea Veneracion 2014 Ramon Santos 2014 Francisco Feliciano 2018 Ryan Cayabyab 2022 Fides Cuyugan-Asensio Theatre 1987 Atang de la Rama  1997 Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero 1997 Rolando Tinio 1999 Daisy Avellana 2001 Severino Montano 2003 Salvador Bernal 2018 Amelia Lapeña-Bonifacio 2022 Tony Mabesa 1972 Fernando Amorsolo 1973 Botong Francisco 1973 Guillermo Tolentino 1976 Napoleon Abueva 1976 Victorio Edades 1981 Vicente Manansala 1990 Cesar Legaspi 1991 Hernando R. Ocampo Visual Arts 1997 Arturo R. Luz 1999 J. Navarro Elizalde 2001 Ang Kiukok 2003 José T. Joya 2006 BenCab Cabrera 2006 Abdulmari Imao 2009 Federico Aguilar Alcuaz 2014 Francisco Coching 2018 Larry Alcala Some works of Filipino National Artist The works of National Artist can be found in different University Campuses. One example is the University of the Philippines in Diliman, Quezon City. The known school symbol is based on Oblation made by the sculptor Guillermo Tolentino. This work of art depicts a male nude with arms outstretched that represents a gesture of sacrifice and freedom. Guillermo Tolentino is a pioneer of academic tradition in sculpture like Fernando Amorsolo in Painting. Fernando Amorsolo is known for its romantic paintings of bucolic landscapes and idealized portraits of well-known individuals from the Commonwealth Period and the Second World War. His works can be seen also at the National Museum.Awarded in 1976, Napoleon Abueva had contributed to the University’s Visual Arts Heritage. In the Virata School of Business, Jose Tanig Joya’s mural can be seen entitled Barter of Panay (1978). This work of art is rendered in the Abstract expressionist style and it consists of soft, overlapping planes of black, white, orange, brown and golden yellow. The Church of the Holy Sacrifice in UP Diliman which was inaugurated in 1955 was credited to be the First Catholic Church in the country that were able to employ a circular architecture with a fine thin shell dome. Intricate mathematical computations with the increasing popularity of concrete that serve as the building material enabled the smooth rounded church construction. The said church is recognized as a National Historical Landmark as well as a Cultural Treasure by the National Historical Institute.  Jose Maceda’s Pagsamba involved a hundred mixed voices and indigenous musical instruments like bamboo buzzers, clappers and the like. UP center for Ethnomusicology was also founded by him where he donated his valuable collections of sound recordings, field notes and the like in Ethnomusicology in the Philippines and South East Asia. In line with this, he was recognized by the UNESCO Memory of the World. REPORTERS NUMBER 6 Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan Through media people nowadays can easily get to know the different artists in their fields and recognize these artists from their efforts through award-giving bodies. These artists are the bearers of our culture. Since the pre-Spanish era, the Philippines are rich in its culture. Ancestors are the living heritage or culture bearers of this country. They developed these native art forms which portray the significant life of the Filipinos. People know very little about the art forms that exist up to the present time. These artists are doing what they value and love to modify and keep the traditional art alive. People can learn from the vast knowledge of these indigenous people who can live longer not only the techniques to survive but also the distinct identity of being Filipino. As envisioned in Republic Act No. 7355 Known as Manlilikha ng Bayan Act was established in 1992 and shall mean citizen engaged in any traditional art uniquely Filipino, whose distinct skills have reached such a high level of technical and artistic excellence, and have passed it on to in his or her community with the same degree of technical and artistic competence. National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) The highest policy and coordinating body for culture and the arts of the state. It has to search for the finest traditional artist of the land who adopts a program that will ensure the transfer of their skills to others, undertakes measures to promote a genuine appreciation of and crafts and give pride among our people about the genius of Manlilikha ng Bayan. The Gawad Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) Awardees. As Filipino who recognize the unique identities of our fellow Filipinos, it is the right to see their contribution to the community. The country is rich with various elements of tangible and intangible cultural heritage which has passed on the new generation. Culture as part of our Philippine identity includes a variety of arts that enhance by our National Living Treasure artists who are recognized in their special contribution to the national heritage. These are Filipino citizen who is engaged in any traditional art forms and has contributed to the development of cultural diversity and the creativity of humanity. AWARDEE CONTRIBUTION REGION GAMABA Awardees for the year 1993 Ginaw Bilog (d. 2003) Surat Mangyan and Ambahan Panaytayan, Mansalay, Oriental poetry Preserve the Hanunuo Mindoro, Region IV-B MIMAROPA Mangyan script and Ambahan (poem consisting of seven- syllable lines) and promote it on every occasion so that the art will not be lost but preserved for posterity. Masino Intaray (d. 2013) Epic Chanter and Storyteller An Pala’wan, Palawan Island, outstanding master of the basal Region IV-B MIMAROPA  (gong music), kulilal (highly lyrical poem) and bagit (instrumental music played on the kusyapi), also played the aroding (mouth harp) and babarak (ring flute) and above all, he was a prolific and preeminent epic chanter and storyteller Samaon Sulaiman (d. 2011) Playing Kudyapi He achieved the Mamasapano, Maguidanao, highest level of excellence in the Western Midanao Bangsamoro art of kutiyapi or kudyapi (two- Autonomous Region in Muslim stringed lute) playing and also Mindanao (BARMM proficient in kulintang, agong (suspended bossed gong with wide rim), gandingan (bossed gong with narrow rim), palendag (lip-valley flute), and tambul. GAMABA Awardees for the year 1998 Lang Dulay (d. 2015) Photo Courtesy of NCCA T’nalak T’boli/Lake Sebu, South Weaving She is credited with Cotabato, Mindanao, Region XII preserving her people’s SOCCSKSARGEN traditional T’nalak using abaca fibers as fine as hair which traditionally has three primary colors, red, black, and the original colors of abaca leave recreated by her nimble hands- the crocodiles, butterflies, and flowers. Salinta Monon (d. 2009) Inabal Weaving She was awarded Tagabawa Bagobo/ Bansalan, for fully demonstrating the Davao del Sur, Region XI Davao creative and expressive aspects Region of the Bagobo abaca ikat (to tie or bond) weaving called inabal (traditional textile of Bagobo) at a time when such art was threatened with extinction. GAMABA Awardees for the year 200 GAMABA Awardees for the year 2000 Uwang Ahadas Photo Courtesy of NCCA Playing Yakan/ Lamitan, Basilan Island, Yakan Instruments He referred to Bangsamoro Autonomous for his ability and mastery in Region in Muslim Mindanao playing different Yakan (BARMM) instruments (made of bamboo, wood, and metal) and for  imparting his insight to the youngsters of his locale. He keeps on performing and instruct despite his diminishing visual perception, keeping the Yakan melodic custom alive and thriving. Federico Caballero Chanting the Sugidanon Epic of Sulod-Bukidnon/ Calinog, Iloilo, the Panay Bukidnon He Panay Island, Region VI Western continuously works for the Visayas documentation of the oral literature, in particular the epics, of people. These ten epics, rendered in a language that, though related to Kiniray-a, is no longer spoken. Alonzo Saclag Playing Kalinga Musical Kalinga, Northern Luzon Island, Instruments His lifestyle work is Cordillera Administrative Region to paint a portrait of his people to (CAR) record a tradition of opposites and dualities, a peoples’ character recorded in cadences each aggressive and gentle. Play Kalinga musical instruments dance patterns and moves related to rituals. GAMABA Awardees for the year 2004 Hajja Amina Appi (d. 2013) Mat weaving She was recognized Ungos Matata, Tandubas, Tawi- as the master mat weaver. Her Tawi, Bangsamoro Autonomous colorful mats with their complex Region in Muslim Mindanao geometric patterns showcased (BARMM her precise sense of design, proportion, and symmetry and sensitivity to color. Eduardo Mutuc Metal Plating He is an artist who Apalit, Pampanga, Region III has devoted his existence to Central Luzon developing religious and secular artwork in silver, bronze, and wood. His intricately detailed retablos, mirrors, altars, and carosas are in church buildings and non-public collections. A range of these works are quite large, some exceeding forty feet, whilst some are very small and feature very nice and refined craftsmanship. Darhata Sawabi (d. 2005) Pis syabit Weaving She remained Tausug/ Parang, Sulu, devoted and persevered with her Bangsamoro Autonomous mission to teach the artwork of Region in Muslim Mindanao pis syabit weaving. Her strokes (BARMM) firm and sure, her color sensitivity acute, and her dedication to the best of her products unwavering. GAMABA Awardees for the year 2012 Magdalena Gamayo Abel Weaving She has been a Pinili, Ilocos Norte Region I Ilocos master in abel weaving from Region Pinili, Ilocos Norte. She is not only weaving traditional Ilocano textiles but also designs new patters. One of her designs employs a difficult weaving technique called pililian meaning partially. The weave produces a one of a kind design that takes after a string of flowers thus its name, inubon a sabong. She did not formally study such traditional art. Instead, she watched closely as her aunt made and imitated the patterns. Teofilo Garcia Kattukong or Tabúngaw Hat San Quintin, Abra, Cordillera Making When he finishes Administrative Region (CAR) fieldwork as a farmer, he focuses on the cultivation and development of tabúngaw (Ilokano term for úpo). At the age of fifteen (15) he learned the art of Kattukong or tabúngaw hat making and basket weaving from his grandfather. GAMABA Awardees for the year 2016 Ambalang Ausalin Yakan Weaving Apuh Ambalang, Lamitan, Basilan Island, is significantly respected in all of Bangsamoro Autonomous Lamitan. Her ability is regarded Region in Muslim Mindanao unique: she can bring forth all (BARMM designs and actualize all textile categories ordinary to the Yakan community, who are known to be among the finest weavers within the Southern Philippines. She can perform the suwah bekkat  (cross-stitch-like embellishment) and suwah pendan (embroidery-like embellishment) techniques of the bunga sama category. She has the complex knowledge of the whole weaving process, mindful at the same time as the cultural significance of each textile design or category. Estelita Tumandan Bantilan B’laan Mat Weaving Since she Upper Lasang, Sapu Masla, was a child, she was bright and Malapatan, Saranggani Region careful in tangle weaving. Her XII SOCCSKSARGEN perseverance took place because of her supportive husband. The thin strips of the pandanus romblon (Pandanus copelandii merr. Bariu) rise matrixed through deft fingers performing an individual rhythm, the beat guided by her eyes. The unwoven strips are held tight at the other end of her body, as toes curl and close around, not only these strips but, as it were, the abstraction that other people call design. The arc of her torso determines the dexterity of feet and toes. Hand/eye coordination happens inside a frame of milliseconds. Yabing Masalon Dulo B’laan Ikat or Tie-dye Fabric Amguo, Landan, Polomolok, Weaving Yabing Masalon Dulo, South Cotabato Region XII called as “Fu Yabing”, was only SOCCSKSARGEN fourteen (14) years old when she started weaving. All her younger years were spent in sharpening her skills and imparting the knowledge to younger generations of B’laan weavers. She follows her mother’s movements back and forth. She colors the fibers, counts the thread, and observes the rhythmic dance of a weaver’s dreams woven into unique soulful pieces. 1 Adelita Romualdo Bagcal Ilocana Master of Oral Tradition Banna, Ilocos Norte 2 Abina Tawide Coguit Agusan Manobo Embroidery La Paz, Agusan del Sur 3 Sakinnur-ain Mugong Delasas Sama Master of Traditional Bongao, Tawi-Tawi Dance 4 Bundos Bansil Fara T’boli brasscaster Lake Sebus south Cotabato 5 Marife Ravidas Ganahon Higaonon Mat Weaver Malaybalay, Bukidnon 6 Amparo Balansi Mabanag Ga’dang Embroiderer Paracelis, Mountain Province 7 Samparonia Pagsac Madanlo Mandaya ikat Weaver Caraga, Davao Oriental 8 Barbara Kibed Ofong T’boli ikat weaver Lake Sebu, South Cotabato 9 Rosie Godwino Sula T’boli Chanter Lake Sebu, South Cotabato PLEASE RESEARCH ABOUT THIS 9 NEW GAMABA. THANK YOU! REPORTERS NUMBER 7 Quarter 1 - Module 7 Living with the Artists Lesson 7 Living with the Artists As you learned in the previous lesson, the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) or the National Living Treasures Awards is given by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) to recognize Filipino artists who have practiced and preserved the customs, beliefs, rituals and traditions of the indigenous community where they belong. This recognition means that these artists have contributed significant art forms that are timeless amidst our fast-paced environment and multifaceted culture. Though considered as traditional arts by origin, the works of the awarded artists are also contemporary for they continue to be observed and practiced in their community. “We must recognize and fulfill our duty to stay true to who we are, remember where we came from, and honor the timelessness of our culture and traditions.” President Rodrigo Roa Duterte remarked in the awarding of Gawad Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) last 2018. As the Chief Executive, he believes that preserving the cultural heritage is important to establish our identity as a Filipino. The preserved customs and traditions are important not only for the people who live in the indigenous community but also to the Philippine culture and tradition in general. The following are some of the significant contributions of the artists through their arts. 1. Unique Identity. Traditional arts reflect our diverse heritage and cultural traditions. This is evident in all arts created by the artists who receive the GAMABA award. One of these arts is weaving. Though weaving has long been part of our traditions, the use of different materials and the different tedious process make each art unique. Haja Amina Appi of Ungos Matata, Tawi-Tawi shows how pandan can be weaved into mats with vibrant colors, beautiful geometric designs and fine symmetry. These mats are usually used by their people for prayer or as a gift to the newly-weds. In Luzon, weaving is preserved through Magdalena Gamayo who used traditional patterns. Her work is marked by her ability to replicate designs with excellence and consistency. Another artwork of the same kind is t’nalak (a fine abaca cloth) by Lang Dulay of Lake Sebu, South Cotabato. She worked on traditional designs like bulinglangit (clouds), kabangi (butterfly), crocodiles, and flowers. As you can see, though these artists worked on the same art (weaving), their artworks in their community is still uniquely created showing the identity of their community (Estrella, 2020). 2. Exemplary Skills. The artwork of Eduardo Mutuc from Pampanga shows how his skills developed from being a farmer to one of the furniture carvers. To earn an income, he really practiced his skills and became one of the most respected creators of religious and secular arts today. He was awarded in 2004 for his detailed and lifelike pieces of varying sizes: altars, mirrors, retablos, and carosas made with wood, silver, and bronze. Uwang Ahadas, on the other hand, shows his exemplary skill in music. At a young age, he learned to play music with his siblings. Though kwintangan was usually played by a woman, he mastered playing it. It is made of logs used to call abundant harvest of grains. Another musician who has shown superb skills is musician Samaon Sulaiman who was a master of the kutyapi, a two-stringed lute. He was also proficient in playing other instruments such as the kulintang, agong (a suspended gong with a wide rim), gandingan (agong with a narrow rim), and tambul. 3. Way of Life Alonzo Saclag of Lubuagan, Kalinga mastered local musical instruments, along with dance patterns associated with rituals. These performances are performed during celebrations or communal agreement such as peace pacts. To pass this tradition, Saclag took a formal education reaching radio stations and creating Kalinga Budong Dance Troupe. Hearing the tales as told by his mother, epic chanter Federico Caballero of Calinog, Iloilo learned Suguidanon, a Central Panay epic. Though Central Panay is located in the mountains, the epic tells about characters and settings that reflect that his people might have lived once in seashores in the past. Also, this epic was usually chanted by a binukot, a woman of high status. Regardless of education and social status, women were not given authority. Instead, they were trained for embroidery and memorization of epic. Caballero is known to keep the local oral traditions through his chants (Gowey, 2016). 4. Enduring Values Values are usually reflected in literary arts such as poem. Thus, the Mangyan script is one of the four remaining syllabic scripts in the country which was preserved through Ginaw Bilog of Mansalay, Oriental Mindoro. He was most popular in writing ambahan (a metaphoric poem comprising seven-syllable lines) on traditionally used bamboo tubes. His poems about advising the young, bidding a friend goodbye, and asking for a place to stay show how Filipinos express their affection to their family and friends. Values is not only reflected in the art product but also on the process in which it is created. In textile weaving, we can see the artists’ dedication to their work as they intricately put different elements of arts such as color, harmony and shape to create a distinct and vibrant 3 design. Spirituality is also evident among Filipino artists as they use subjects related to their faith such as the textile designs by Darhata Sawabi of Sulu and carvings by Eduardo Mutuc. There are countless values that are reflected on the artists’ work but one thing that is evident to their works is their unselfish desire to share their knowledge and skills to the next generations to enjoy and to see as part of their beings as Filipinos. 5. Vision. The traditional art shows the artist’s vision. Moreover, it also inspires us to make the existing art as an inspiration to enhance the art or create our own artwork. Teofilo Garcia is a gourd hatmaker from San Quintin, Abra. Since he is a farmer, he sees the need of gourd casques. He used the tabungaw (gourd) plant for useful protective hats to help the farmers overcome heat during farming. Because the hat was made creatively and finely, he joined a festival to show his artwork. Who would have thought that a simple hat to help our farmers would soon become a recognized art? He did. Also, Salinta Monon, a respected textile weaver from Davao Del Sur, isolated herself from her family for months to finish her art. She once dreamt of establishing the art through teaching new would-be weavers. In conclusion, the artworks of our GAMABA awardees are indeed living treasures. Their arts do not only express an idea or feelings but they also carry significant contributions that are imbibed through generations. and inspired the contemporary arts that we use and see today REPORTERS NUMBER 8 Quarter 1 - Module 8 Promotions of Arts from the Regions Lesson 8 Promotions of Arts from the Regions Art is one of the platforms of Filipino to describe and portray the practices, behavior, ideology, culture, and tradition in their region or in their community. Hence, it is important to promote and appreciate traditional and contemporary arts from the regions. However, prior to that, we need to understand the contexts where these artworks come from. Moreover, in order to gain a deeper understanding on how we will promote the traditional and contemporary arts, we need to learn how the changing environment affect the production process of the artworks of indigenous peoples or artists. NCCA Chairman Arsenio “Nick “Lizaso said that people should be proud of and nourish Filipino Arts and culture. Indeed, Philippines is very rich in culture. We often heard or see the phrase “Only in the Philippines”. It is an expression of pride in what we feel in the activities that are uniquely Filipino. Arts provides a shared experience for the community. Values and beliefs systems are often deep-seated in art forms and passed down through generations. People participate in country’s nationhood by means of singing the national anthem or by merely looking the monument of Rizal in Luneta. It is when an individual became aware and proud of their cultural heritage, they became an active instrument in nation building. The Executive Order No.118 created the Presidential Commission on Culture and the Arts in 1987. By means of history, it makes the an individual appreciative of the country’s struggles and triumphs. 1. Why do we need to preserve our arts and culture in the modern world? 2. In your opinion, why is it important to have natural art center in the Philippines? The traditional and contemporary artists’ mode of production continues to be affected with the dynamics of change in the environment. Nonetheless, environment is considered of its utmost importance – this is where resources are gathered and shared, and where culture is performed. So, let’s recognize some factors that affect the traditional or contemporary artist’s production process. THE PRODUCTION PROCESS AND THE CHANGING ENVIRONMENT 1. Tourism Land areas are converted into sites for tourist consumption. In this situation, ecological domains may become more vulnerable to damage with the combined forces of natural disasters and tourist mobility. Moreover, tourist mobility might influence the community’s observance of tradition and tend to diminish the quality of native art forms. Removed from their original context, the works are transformed into mass produced souvenirs in order to meet the demands of the tourist trade. Neon colors and designs woven from synthetic fibers have been made available in recent years to create appropriations of traditional textile designs for commercial purposes. 2. Militarization The insecurity and tensions brought about by militarized zones apprehend the people’s ability to create art. It prevents people from having communal gatherings, where exchanges and passing of knowledge can take place. 3. Christianization The influence of Christianity and the conversion of the natives to a foreign religion have affect the preservation of their indigenous rituals and traditions. However, in some cases, the community finds a way to harmonize their indigenous ways with traditions of Christianity. For example, the Manobo community of Mt. Apo initiated a “culture regeneration movement.” As Christian converts, they sought the revival of their traditions by holding clan reunions, employing native wedding rites, and recalling narratives of their culture through painting. These factors that affect the tradition and contemporary art production process of Philippine artists are given an effort to solve and address by the different institutions that support and promote art. It is important to know these institutions, museums, galleries, and organizations in order to know the authorities of art in the Philippines that we can look to when intending to learn more about our country’s rich culture and art. SUPPORT SYSTEMS OF PHILIPPINE ART There are several established authorities, institutions, markets, galleries, and award-giving bodies that supervise the protection, promotion and nurturing of culture and art and that establish the support systems of arts in the Philippines. These authorities, institutions, markets, galleries, and award-giving bodies make sure that traditions involving art and culture are kept alive despite of modernization and technological advancements, set the standards for the different forms of arts, exhibit objects of cultural and artistic interest, financially supported visual artists, recognizing outstanding art making, and teach and nurture artistic skills and knowledge of Filipino about culture and art. Hence, below are some authorities, institutions, markets, galleries, and award-giving bodies in the promotion of Philippine arts: 1) National Commission for Culture and the Arts The National Commission for Culture and the Arts is the overall policy making body, coordinating, and grants giving agency for the preservation, development and promotion of Philippine arts and culture; and an executing agency for the policies it formulates (Dumandan, 2019). 2) Cultural Center of the Philippines The mission of the Cultural Center of the Philippines is the leading institution for the arts and culture in the Philippines by promoting artistic excellence and nurturing the broadest publics to participate in art making and appreciation (Dumandan, 2019). 3) National Museum The National Museum is an educational, scientific, and cultural institution that acquires, documents, preserves, exhibits, and fosters scholarly study and public appreciation of works of art, specimens, and cultural and historical artifacts representative of the unique cultural heritage of the Filipino people and the natural history of the Philippines (Dumandan, 2019). 4) Metropolitan Museum of the Philippines The Metropolitan Museum of Manila is one of the major museums in the Philippines. The museum was among the first to develop and extend its audience by embracing the philosophy of art for all, adopt a bilingual approach in exhibition texts, and implement a vigorous education and community outreach program. The museum seeks to amplify the Filipinos' sense of artistic and cultural heritage from the past and in contemporary global contexts and experiences (Dumandan, 2019). 5) Ben Cab Museum The BenCab Museum houses the permanent collection of Philippine National Artist Benedicto Cabrera (BenCab) in several galleries, as well as venues for art shows and exhibitions. The Bencab Museum is committed to the promotion of arts, and the preservation, conservation and protection of the environment and culture and traditions of the Cordilleras. This commitment of the museum is an expression of the artist’s gratitude to the country that nurtured and inspired an artistic career that continues to grow, mature, and fascinate (Dumandan, 2019). 6) Art Fair Philippines Art Fair Philippines is the premier platform for exhibiting and selling the best in modern and contemporary Philippine visual art. The fair aims to mirror the vibrant local art scene and continue to generate support for Filipino art practitioners (Dumandan, 2019). 7) ManilART ManilART is the Philippines' premier international art fair. It showcases the best in contemporary visual arts for the development and promotion of Filipino art and culture locally and internationally. ManilART elevates the standards and celebrates the dynamic Philippine art scene through various art exhibitions connecting world class artists, institutions, and the community. It reinforces the awareness of and the appreciation for Philippine visual arts by merging it with other disciplines through lectures, workshops, demonstrations, and other activities with the support from both local and foreign exhibitors (Dumandan, 2019). 8) Finale Art File Finale Art File is considered as a premier gallery institution in the Philippines. It showcased hundreds of exhibits by some of the most talented names in contemporary visual arts. It has successfully balanced the demands of a commercial establishment and an artistic venue. This gallery occasionally features experimental works that push artistic boundaries and challenge audience expectation (Dumandan, 2019). 9) Kublai Art Gallery and Davao Contemporary Art Gallery The Kublai Art Gallery and Davao Contemporary Art Gallery is a unique cultural expression of Davao’s visual artists. The gallery showcases various works by Mindanao’s famed artist Kublai Ponce-Millan, as well as different artists from the city (Dumandan, 2019). 10) Thirteen Artists Awards The Thirteen Artists Awards mark the turnings in and of Philippine contemporary art, to update its modernizing potential and to assess how artists today engage with other forces in the art world (Dumandan, 2019). These authorities, institutions, markets, galleries, and award-giving bodies are not the only ones who may promote arts of the Philippines. As a Filipino and a student, we can also promote Philippine arts in our own little ways. We may visit art exhibits and seminars about the artistic treasures of the Philippines. We may share the artworks of Philippine artists through our social media. Also, appreciating Philippines arts in its original context and using it in defining and describing Filipino identity are also ways to promote arts existed in our country. There are different ways to promote or support Philippine traditional and cultural arts and these ways root in our nationalistic and patriotic ideology. Hence, as a student in this contemporary time, it is a great act to contribute in holding a responsibility of promoting Philippine arts. REPORTERS NUMBER 9 Lesson 9 Techniques and Performance Practices Applied to Contemporary Arts The Philippines is known to be rich in natural resources. Thus, it is no surprise that Filipinos use their creativity to use these resources to meet the needs of the community as well as to express their ideas, knowledge, feelings, and ways of life. Artists of today use different available materials such as plastic straw, bottles, old newspaper, and other recyclable materials which seem not to be valued unless transformed into meaningful arts. These locally available materials are evident in the creation of traditional arts. An art is always created with a technique. A technique is the way the artist uses and manipulates the materials to express an idea or feeling through an art. This lesson will discuss the traditional art techniques, their descriptions, and applications to contemporary arts. This lesson will guide you to easily identify the evident techniques used in the contemporary artwork. A. Application of Traditional Techniques to Contemporary Arts The table shows how traditional techniques are applied to contemporary arts. In these examples you will see how the techniques are modified to create another artwork. Traditional Art Application to Contemporary Arts Puni (Bulacan) - This is a popular Bulakenyo’s way Straw Folding. In this art, the straws are folded by of decorating using leaf fronds folding which has a rolling elongated sheets of wax coated paper into Malayan origin. cylindrical, hollow tubes. Origami is from ori meaning “folding”, and kami means “paper”. Origami is the art of paper folding that is associated to Japanese culture. Singkaban (Malolos, Bulacan) It is a decorated Bamboo Art. To use bamboo for decorations, it bamboo arch to welcome signage of a town, city must undergo some processes such as cleaning or village in the country. and cutting, peeling, splitting, stripping or weaving it. For more detailed designs, artists use incising, burning, carving, and dyeing. Pabalat (San Miguel, Bulacan) The art of making Packaging. The packaging design can be simple the pabalat or pastillas wrappers has transformed and straight forward, or colorful and complex in recent years from being a local, folk tradition (decorated packaging). into a popular art. Taka (Paete, Laguna) Taka refers to the paper Paper Maché. Using molds, paper pieces or pulp maché using carved wooded sculpture used as a are put together with a glue or other adhesives. mold. Pagbuburda (Taal, Batangas and Lumban, Laguna) Stitching. Stitches are the basic elements of Taal embroideries are characterized by fine design sewing, knitting or embroidery whether by hand or with delicate, embossed, durable and colorful machine. patterns. Loom Bands. These are also called as rainbow looms which are a plastic tool used to weave colorful rubber and plastic bands into decorative items such as bracelets and charms. Nylon Bracelets. A tough light weight elastic synthetic polymer ornament band hoop or chain worn on the wrist.  B. Common Techniques in Contemporary Arts There are three techniques that are commonly used today in contemporary arts today. 1. Minimalism. This is an artistic movement that seeks to take away unnecessary and leaving only the essential. The artworks that usually use this technique use a well selected material that is indispensable in art production. 2. Found Objects. This means taking something that people seem to find useless and use it in a unique way in order to make an artwork. When people seem to think that something must be thrown away as junk, it is used to tell a story and create a diverse perspective that we are looking for. 3. Large-Scale Art. This is an art that accounts for the creation of something huge to express diverse perspectives in artwork. This art is created for public view. II. Medium Used in Contemporary Art Forms Often, artists will most likely use materials available to them. This means that the resources their locality have is important for their art. The “local” can refer to material that is easily available in the community. It can be any materials such as woods, materials, paper that are easily produced and available in the community. The local can also refer to wherever the artist finds himself or herself. In discussing the use of materials, it is important to discuss medium. A medium is defined as the material or substance used to create an artwork. Using these materials, the artists express his feelings or thoughts. The medium used in each artwork varies based on the artists and their art forms. A. CLASSIFICATION OF ART FORMS ACCORDING TO MEDIUM Classification Description Art Form Medium Musical use of rhythms, sounds, music, poetry, song, musical instruments, instrument, human dance, theatre artist traditional musical voice instruments made by local materials, body and movements, integration of stage, 11 design, performance elements and script Practical art with immediate use designs, architect, cement, paper, in daily life sculptor bamboo, wood, bricks, stone, concrete, metal, wood, stone, clay, glass Environmental An art that occupies installation, public art wires, junk, recycled space materials Pictorial Works uses shapes, pictures, painting, drawing, camera, graphics design, photography celluloids/negatives, processing chemicals prints Narrative based on story drama novel, music and dance Language B. Contemporary Techniques and Materials in Contemporary Arts Contemporary Arts Techniques Mark Salvatus' Secret Garden 2 This art was created for a small room at the Vargas Museum to show a site -specific work. Being able to accommodate the audience and experience the  "garden" makes the art interactive. It is also important to note that this secret garden was created with inmates who used plastic spoons, forks and other materials. minimalism, found objects Interactive Games by Ikoy Ricio This artwork is composed of set of trump card with images of Philippine car wrecks, its body parts and details of accident. These cards are installed on the table with chairs for the players. found objects Untitled (Mirrors) by Maria Taniguchi This artwork used traditional medium of acrylic on canvas and traditional modern style of abstraction. Instead of typical painting, the artist used diligent brushwork that the painting encourages meditations apart from viewing. large – scale Art, minimalism Felix Bacolor's Waiting (2012) This space in Museum of Contemporary art and design is a simulation of a waiting room with real digital clocks and metallic immovable chairs. large - scale art, minimalism Anonymous Animals in Mariyah Gallery in The excavated animals were presented with Dumaguete 2013 (Taguchi, Teves, Sollesta, specific and scientific names and other important Vanlenzuela and Ranada) details for a real animal. Invented stories by curator make the animals seem to exist with embedded journalist/photographer. large- scale art, found objects