Confounders In Observational Studies PDF

Lecture 09 – Confounders in Observational Studies Felipe Fregni, MD, PhD, MSc, MPH, Med Figure from: Essentials of Pharmacoepidemiology Douglas T. Steinke, in Clinical Pharmacy Education, Practice and Research, 2019 “Non-sugar sweeteners are...

Lecture 09 – Confounders in Observational Studies Felipe Fregni, MD, PhD, MSc, MPH, Med Figure from: Essentials of Pharmacoepidemiology Douglas T. Steinke, in Clinical Pharmacy Education, Practice and Research, 2019 “Non-sugar sweeteners are not advised for weight loss in adults or children, according to a systematic review of the available scientific evidence.” your patient or a friend reads this story and ask you: “as you are now taking PPCR, do you think based on this story that I should throw away all the stock of Stevia I bought last week? (justify your answer)” First student participation: What do you respond to your friend? As a good student, you then click on the link of the story to the paper published by WHO and start analyzing it:  Results are different when comparing RCT and OS…what is your conclusion? What are your concerns? Is there an obesity paradox? Results Special Activity This study shows that in subjects with decreased exercise capacity, 1. What is the type of this subjects with lower BMI have study? decreased survival....we want you 2. What are the potential biases to reflect in this study (and also that need to be considered? call your attention that this is the 3. What are the alternative sort of figure that goes in Twitter explanations you can think to with someone claiming that being explain this association obese is protective)....But in PPCR between BMI and mortality we want to go deeper and explore (that is not that low BMI is whether this study is providing a associated with larger valid result or not (it could go both mortality) ways), so the questions are:  Systematic Review Preparing the Data Extraction Assignment 10 Step 1 Each group nominate 1- 2 people who will be responsible for uploading the form, please decide it by Friday afternoon. By Monday morning the template for the extraction should be ready inside COVIDENCE. Step 2 – Each student will do the data extraction and bias Assessment of 1 or 2 papers as follow: - Groups will more than 20 papers: please display in Covidence the more recent papers. Each student need to work with at least 2 papers. - Groups with 20 papers: each student will do 2 papers. - Groups with 10 papers or less: each student will do 1 paper. NOTE: In the case that there are no more papers to extract you can download the template and add the evaluation of 2 papers. -TAs will work with you in parallel to review the work. -Deadline: Thursday June 13th Case Discussion Second Student Participation Google Classroom Case Discussion Case Discussion