Computing Essentials Input and Output PDF

Because learning changes everything. ® Input and Output Chapter 6 Computing Essentials O’Leary © 2021 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Authorized only for instructor use in the classroom. No reproduction or further distribution permitted wi...

Because learning changes everything. ® Input and Output Chapter 6 Computing Essentials O’Leary © 2021 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Authorized only for instructor use in the classroom. No reproduction or further distribution permitted without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.  Learning Objectives 1. Define input. 2. Describe keyboard entry, including types and features of keyboards. 3. Identify different pointing devices, including game controllers and styluses. 4. Describe scanning devices, including optical scanners, RFID readers, and recognition devices. 5. Recognize image capturing and audio-input devices. 6. Define output. 7. Identify different monitor features and types, including flat-panels and e- books. 8. Define printing features and types, including inkjet and cloud printers. 9. Recognize different audio and video devices, including portable media devices. 10. Define combination input and output devices, including multifunctional devices, VR head-mounted displays and controllers, drones, and robots. 11. Explain ergonomics and ways to minimize physical damage. © McGraw-Hill Education 2  Introduction Have you ever wondered how information gets into your computer and comes out in a form you can use? Input devices translate numbers, letters, special characters, and gestures that people understand into a form that computers can process. Output devices translate digital information into letters, numbers, sounds, and images that people can understand To efficiently and effectively use computers, you need to know about the most commonly used input and output devices. © McGraw-Hill Education gstockstudio/123RF 3  What is Input? Any data or instructions entered into a computer Input devices are hardware used to translate words, numbers, sounds, images, and gestures that people understand into a form that the system unit can process. Some hardware input devices include: Keyboards Mice Pointing Scanning Image capturing Audio-input © McGraw-Hill Education 4  Keyboard Entry Virtual keyboards: these keyboards are used primarily with cell phones and tablets. Laptop keyboards: these keyboards are attached to the laptop system unit and designed to fold up with the laptop monitor to easily fit in a backpack or briefcase. Traditional keyboards: these keyboards are widely used on desktops and larger computers. The standard U.S. traditional keyboard has 101 keys, including extra keys, such as a function keys, navigation keys, and a numeric keypad © McGraw-Hill Education Justin Sullivan/Getty Images ; Rawpixel.com/Shutterstock ; Georgios Kollidas/Shutterstock 5  Pointing Devices Provide an intuitive interface by accepting physical movements or gestures and converting them into machine- readable input Wide variety of devices such as: Touch screen Mouse Game controller © McGraw-Hill Education 6  Touch Screen Touch screen allows users to select actions or commands by touching the screen with a finger or stylus. Multitouch screens can be touched with more than one finger Stylus is a penlike device typically used with tablets and mobile devices Used on tablets Uses handwriting recognition software Handwriting recognition software translates handwritten notes into a form that the system unit can process © McGraw-Hill Education Branston/Future/REX/Shutterstock 7  Mouse Types Optical mouse Has no moving parts Emits and senses light to detect mouse movement Can be used on any surface Wireless mouse Battery operated Uses radio waves or infrared light waves Touch pads Controls pointer by moving and tapping your fingers on the surface of the pad © McGraw-Hill Education 8  Gaming Controllers Provide input to computer games Joysticks use pressure, speed, and direction of a control stick. Gaming mice are with higher precision, faster responsiveness, and programmable buttons. Game pads use both hands and provide a wide array of inputs, including motion, turning, stopping, and firing Motion sensing device control games by user movement © McGraw-Hill Education Lucidio Studio Inc/Photographer’sChoice/Getty Images; Geostock/Getty Images 9  Scanning Devices Convert scanned text and images into a form that the system unit can process. There are five types of scanning devices: optical scanners, card readers, bar code readers, RFID readers, and character and mark recognition devices. Optical scanners (Scanner) Flatbed scanners Document scanners Portable scanners 3D scanners © McGraw-Hill Education Alexander Kharchenko/123RF 10  Card Readers Interpret encoded information that is stored on debit, credit and identification cards Magnetic card reader Information read from strip when swiped through reader Chip card reader Information read from a chip when inserted in reader Smart cards hold additional security information (encrypted) Some chip cards feature contactless payment © McGraw-Hill Education 11  Bar Code Readers Contain photo-electric cells that scan or read bar codes or the zebra striped marks printed on product containers Wand readers or Platform scanners Hand –held readers UPCs and MaxiCode readers UPC are heavily used in grocery stores for automated checkout, change product prices and inventory control. MaxiCode used by shipping companies for routing packages, tracking in-transit packages, and locating lost packages. © McGraw-Hill Education 12  RFID Readers Radio-frequency identification Tiny chips embedded in most anything contain electronically stored information that can be read using an RFID reader located several yards away. Tracking pets Update and control inventories Read passports Record prices, product descriptions, and locations of retail items © McGraw-Hill Education Jochen Tack/imageBROKER/Shutterstock 13  Character & Mark Recognition Readers Recognize special characters and marks Character and mark recognition devices Magnetic-ink character recognition (MICR) Used by banks to read encoded characters on checks & deposit slips Optical-character recognition (OCR) Reads preprinted characters such as wand scanners Optical-mark recognition (OMR) Sense the presence or absence of marks (pencil) used for test scoring © McGraw-Hill Education 14  Image Capturing Devices Create or capture original images Digital Camera Capture images/video digitally and store in memory card or camera’s memory Webcams Capture images and send to a computer for broadcast over internet. Embedded in phones or tablets, easy to share over email or social media. Videoconferencing apps, such as Zoom, Microsoft Teams, and Apple’s FaceTime use to communicate in real time with friends and family using live video. © McGraw-Hill Education Sandra Dombrovsky/123RF; Harald Richter/Pixpack/123RF 15  Audio-Input Devices Audio-input devices convert sounds into a form that can be processed by the system unit. Voice recognition systems Use a microphone, sound card, and special software Users can operate computers and create documents using voice commands Specialized portable voice recorders are widely used by doctors, lawyers, & others to record dictation (translate dictation from one language to another) Examples: Siri in iPhones Cortana in Windows phones Alexa by Amazon Google Assistant by Android © McGraw-Hill Education 16  Output Processed data or information Types of output Text Graphics/photos Audio & video Output devices (translate information that has been processed by the system unit into a form that humans can understand) Monitors Printers Audio-output devices © McGraw-Hill Education 17  Monitors Known as display screens and present visual images of text and graphics (vary in size, shape, and cost) Clarity refers to the quality and sharpness of the displayed images defined by function of various features. Features Resolution/pixels Dot pitch Contrast ratios Size (active display area) Aspect ratio (4:3-std, 16:10-widescreen) Newer monitor has ability to accept touch or gesture input © McGraw-Hill Education Maria Gritsai/Alamy Stock Photo 18  Monitor Types Flat-panel monitors Require less power to operate Portable and thin Most are backlit Three types: Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Older monitors Light Emitting Diode (LED) More advanced backlighting Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) Thin layer organic compound that produces light © McGraw-Hill Education Simon Belcher/Alamy Stock Photo 19  E-book Readers An e-book is a traditional books printed in electronic form E-book readers are dedicated mobile devices for storing and displaying e-books Use e-ink technology Produce images that reflect light Kindle Kobo © McGraw-Hill Education 20  Other Monitor Types Digital/interactive whiteboards Connects to a computer or projector Controlled using a special pen or even your finger Classrooms and corporate boardrooms Flexible Screens Allow a digital device to display on a non flat surface Digital Projector Project the images from a traditional monitor onto a screen or wall © McGraw-Hill Education Gerald Martineau/The Washington Post/Getty Images; Simon Nagel/dpa picture alliance/Alamy Stock Photo; ; Michal_edo/E+/Getty Images 21  Printers Translates information that has been processed by the system unit and present on paper. Features Resolution (dpi) Color Speed Memory Duplex printing Connectivity © McGraw-Hill Education 22  Printer Types Ink-jet printers spray ink at a high speed onto the surface of paper Reliable, quite and inexpensive Laser printers uses a laser light beam to produce images Fast, excellent quality Personal or shared 3D Printers create 3-D shapes with a thin layer of material repeatedly until created Additive manufacturing © McGraw-Hill Education Aleksei Sysoev/123RF 23  Other Printers Cloud printers Connect to the Internet to provide services to others on the Internet Thermal printers Use heat elements to produce images on heat-sensitive paper. Ex: ATMs & gas pumps Plotters Plotters are special-purpose printers for producing a wide range of specialized output ex: maps, images, and architectural and engineering drawings © McGraw-Hill Education 24  Audio and Video Devices Translates audio information from the computer into sounds that people can understand Speakers and headphones Bluetooth Technology Wireless technology Used to connect to speakers and headsets © McGraw-Hill Education New Africa/Shutterstock 25  Combination Input and Output Devices Headsets Combine a microphone and headphones Multifunctional devices (MFD) Cost efficient but lower quality All-in-one printers are a good example Virtual Reality (VR) Artificial or simulated reality Virtual head-mounted displays and controllers © McGraw-Hill Education Jesse Wild/PC Format Magazine/Getty Images; Alexander Tolstykh/123RF 26  Drones Drones or Unarmed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) Take input from a controller and the output device is the drone Very cost effective now Robots Use cameras, microphones, and other sensors as inputs © McGraw-Hill Education Olga Serdyuk/Microolga/123RF 27  Making IT Work for You ~ Headphones Style : There are three basic styles of headphones: over- ear, in-ear, and on-ear. Connection: Wired/Wireless Wireless headphones use digital compression techniques to send music from the digital device to the headphones. This can result in a loss of audio quality. Uses Bluetooth technology Wireless headphones also need their own batteries Special Features: Headset (headphones with microphones) Water-resistant headphones can handle being splashed with water but are not designed to be submerged Active noise cancellation. Specialized headphones with unique hardware that cancel out external noises. © McGraw-Hill Education 28  Robots Robots use cameras, microphones, and other sensors as inputs. Robotic outputs can be as complex as exploring damaged nuclear reactors to as simple as taking a photo. Robots can be found almost everywhere, including vacuuming floors in homes, assembling cars in factories, and aiding surgeons in hospitals. © McGraw-Hill Education 29  Ergonomics Study of human factors related to things people use Fit the task to the user to avoid: Eyestrain and headache Back and neck pain Repetitive strain injury(RSI) Carpal tunnel syndrome © McGraw-Hill Education Wetcake Studio/Digital Vision Vectors/Getty Images 30  Ergonomic Challenged Devices Portable devices are not set up for ergonomics Laptops Because the keyboard and monitor are connected, they cannot be set up ergonomically Tablets Tablet hunch is caused by the users head being improperly aligned to the viewing surface Smartphones Blackberry thumb results from using thumbs to type on a tiny keyboard © McGraw-Hill Education Akkraraj kangrang/Shutterstock; SNP_SS/Shutterstock; Microstocker13/Shutterstock 31  Careers in IT Technical writers prepare instruction manuals, technical reports, and other scientific or technical documents. Translate technical information into easily understandable instructions or summaries. They work in computer software firms, government agencies, or research institutions Typically requires an associates or bachelors degree in: Communications or Journalism or English Specialization or familiarization with a technical field Strong writing skills expected Technical writers can expect to earn $43,000 to $88,000 annually © McGraw-Hill Education 32  A Look to the Future Internet of Things Smartwatch Can monitor and share your location Can count and share the number of steps Web-connected car Track and share driving habits © McGraw-Hill Education Kirill Kedrinski/123RF 33  Open Ended Questions 1. Define input and input devices. 2. Describe the different types of keyboard, pointing, scanning, image capturing, and audio-input devices. 3. Describe output and output devices. 4. Describe the features and different types of monitors and printers. 5. Describe audio output devices including Bluetooth technology. 6. Discuss combination input and output devices, including multifunctional devices, headsets, drones, robots, and virtual-mounted displays and controllers. 7. Define ergonomics, describe ways to minimize physical discomfort, and discuss design issues with portable computers. © McGraw-Hill Education 34  End of Main Content Because learning changes everything. ® www.mheducation.com © 2021 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Authorized only for instructor use in the classroom. No reproduction or further distribution permitted without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.