Computer Science HSSC I Syllabus 2022 PDF

 Published by Aga Khan University Examination Board Block - C, IED - PDC, 1-5/B-VII Federal B. Area, Karimabad, Karachi, Pakistan. Latest revision: Augus...

 Published by Aga Khan University Examination Board Block - C, IED - PDC, 1-5/B-VII Federal B. Area, Karimabad, Karachi, Pakistan. Latest revision: August 2022 (This syllabus has been periodically revised in 2009 and 2018) © The Aga Khan University Examination Board, 2022 All rights and entitlements reserved. This syllabus is developed by Aga Khan University Examination Board for distribution to all its affiliated schools only. No part of this syllabus may be copied, reproduced or used for any other purpose whatsoever without prior written permission of the Aga Khan University Examination Board. Higher Secondary School Certificate Examination Syllabus COMPUTER SCIENCE GRADES XI-XII This syllabus will be examined in both Annual and Re-sit Examination sessions from Annual Examinations 2023  Table of Contents Page No. Preface 5 Understanding of AKU-EB Syllabi 7 Subject Rationale 8 Concept Map 10 Student Learning Outcomes 11 Scheme of Assessment 34 Annex A: List of Acronyms and Their Full Forms 39 Annex B: Examples of Entity Relationship Diagram 42 Annex C: Examples of C++ Programming 42 Annex D: Practical Activities 43 Acknowledgements 46 For queries and feedback Address: Aga Khan University Examination Board Block - C, IED - PDC, 1-5/B-VII Federal B. Area, Karimabad, Karachi, Pakistan. Phone: (92-21) 3682-7011 Fax: (92-21) 3682-7019 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://examinationboard.aku.edu Facebook: www.facebook.com/ akueb Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 4  Preface Established in 2002 through the Pakistan government’s ordinance, the Aga Khan University Examination Board (AKU-EB) is country’s first private autonomous qualification awarding body for secondary (SSC) and higher secondary (HSSC) school certifications. Its vision is to be a model of excellence and innovation in education in Pakistan and the developing world. AKU-EB achieves its vision by developing examination syllabi which inculcate conceptual thinking and higher order learning and are aligned with National/ trans-provincial curricula and international standards. AKU-EB revises its syllabi periodically to support the needs of students, teachers and examiners. The aims of the syllabus review of SSC and HSSC are to: Ensure continued compatibility with the goals of the trans-provincial curricula of Pakistan. Review the content for inclusion of new knowledge and deletion of obsolete knowledge. Review the content for clarity and relevance as per the changing needs of students, teachers and examiners. Enhance and strengthen continuation and progression of content both within and across grades IX - XII (SCC and HSSC). Ensure the readiness of students for higher education. During the syllabus review, the needs of all the stakeholders were identified through a needs- assessment survey. Students and teachers of AKU-EB affiliated schools from across Pakistan participated in the survey. Thereafter, a revision panel, which consisted of examiners, teachers of affiliated and non-affiliated schools, teacher trainers and university academicians, reviewed and revised the syllabus following a planned, meticulous and standardised syllabi review process. The syllabus is organised into topics and subtopics. Each subtopic is further divided into achievable student learning outcomes (SLOs). The SLOs of the cognitive domain are each assigned a cognitive level on which they have to be achieved. These cognitive levels are ‘knowledge’, ‘understanding’ and ‘application’, the latter also including other higher order skills. This is followed by the Exam Specification which gives clear guidance about the weightage of each topic and how the syllabus will be assessed. The development of the revised syllabus has been made possible by the creativity and relentless hard work of Curriculum and Examination Development unit and the constant support provided by all the other units of AKU-EB. We are particularly thankful to Dr Sohail Qureshi for his very useful feedback on revising the syllabus review process, to Dr Naveed Yousuf for his continued guidance and support throughout the syllabus revision process and to Raabia Hirani for leading the syllabi revision. We are also thankful to all the students and teachers who took part in the needs-assessment survey and to the principals of AKU-EB affiliated schools who made this endeavour possible by facilitating and encouraging their teachers to be a part of the survey and the syllabus revision panel. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 5  With your support and collective hard work, AKU-EB has been able to take the necessary steps to ensure effective implementation of the best international and trans-provincial standards through this syllabus. We are confident that this syllabus will continue to provide the support that is needed by students to progress to the next level of education and we wish the very best to our students and teachers in implementing this syllabus. Dr Shehzad Jeeva Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Aga Khan University Examination Board Associate Professor of Practice, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Aga Khan University Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 6  Understanding of AKU-EB Syllabi 1. The AKU-EB syllabi guide the students, teachers, parents and other stakeholders regarding the topics that will be taught and examined in each grade (IX, X, XI and XII). In each syllabus document, the content progresses from simple to complex, thereby, facilitating a gradual, conceptual learning of the content. 2. The topics of the syllabi are divided into subtopics and student learning outcomes (SLOs). The subtopics and the SLOs define the depth and the breadth at which each topic will be taught, learnt and examined. The syllabi also provide enabling SLOs where needed to scaffold student learning. 3. Each SLO starts with an achievable and assessable command word such as describe, relate, evaluate, etc. The purpose of the command words is to direct the attention of teachers and students to specific tasks that the students are expected to undertake in the course of their studies. The examination questions are framed using the same command words or their connotations to elicit evidence of these competencies in students’ responses. 4. The topics of the syllabi are grouped into themes derived from the National/ trans- provincial curricula. The connection between various themes and topics is highlighted in the ‘concept map’ provided at the beginning of each syllabus. This ensures that students begin to understand the interconnectedness of knowledge, learn conceptually and think critically. 5. The SLOs are classified under three cognitive levels: knowledge (K), understanding (U) and application and other higher order skills (A) for effective planning during teaching and learning. Furthermore, it will help to derive multiple choice questions (MCQs), constructed response questions (CRQs) and extended response questions (ERQs) on a rational basis from the subject syllabi. 6. By focusing on the achievement of the SLOs, these syllabi aim to counter the culture of rote memorisation as the preferred method of examination preparation. While suggesting relevant, locally available textbooks for achieving these outcomes, AKU-EB recommends that teachers and students use multiple teaching and learning resources for achieving these outcomes. 7. The syllabi follow a uniform layout for all subjects to make them easier for students and teachers to follow. They act as a bridge between students, teachers and assessment specialists by providing a common framework of student learning outcomes and exam specifications. 8. On the whole, the AKU-EB syllabi for Secondary School Certificate (SSC) provide a framework that helps students to acquire conceptual understanding and learn to critically engage with it. This lays a solid foundation for HSSC and beyond. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 7  Subject Rationale of AKU-EB Computer Science Why study AKU-EB Computer Science? Computer Science is a field of study that will help you as a student to learn theoretical and practical concepts of computation. You must have used the computer for playing games, surfing the internet, streaming the videos, using media networking websites, preparing presentation and reports, etc. However, this syllabus would add to your knowledge, understanding and skills about some advance uses of computer such as database designing, object-oriented programming (OOP), computer networking, wireless communication, etc. To be more specific, you will learn the following content areas in the syllabus: Computer Hardware Computer Software Computer Memory and Storage Devices Architecture of CPU System Unit Network Communication and Protocols Wireless Communication Database Design Operating System (OS) System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Object-Oriented Programming using C++ AKU-EB HSSC Computer Science syllabus is progression of AKU-EB SSC Computer Science syllabus. Students will learn basics of hardware, software, web designing, computer networks and C programming in SSC and on the basis of this, they will learn advanced concepts of hardware, software, database and object oriented programming in HSSC. AKU-EB HSSC Computer Science syllabus will build the foundation for computer science and other related courses at the university level. It is equally beneficial to those who are interested to pursue their higher education in fields of study other than computer science because of the omnipresence of technology around us. Where will it take you? The subject will take you from simple real life problems to different computational solutions and from basic computing technologies to emerging advance hardware and software technologies. The set of skills learned in this syllabus will help you to select your career in the areas of computer science such as: ▪ Software Development ▪ Database Administration ▪ Computer Hardware Engineering ▪ Computer System Analyst ▪ Computer Network Engineering ▪ Web Development Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 8  ▪ Web Designing ▪ Information Security Engineer ▪ Mobile Applications Development ▪ Software Quality Assurance ▪ Content Creation and Blogging ▪ Graphic Designing How to approach the syllabus? The concept map of the syllabus gives an overview of the entire syllabus to teachers and learners. The topics and Student Learning Outcomes (SLOs) guide in details about what has to be achieved through this syllabus. And finally, the Exam Specification guides regarding what will be expected in the examinations. What is the concept map telling you? The World Wide Web (WWW) connects the world through a network consisting of hardware and software, using models and protocols to transfer data among them. Similarly, the concepts in AKU-EB syllabus of Computer Science-HSSC are also connected logically and systematically. The weightage of each concept in the syllabus is depicted through the size of the icon in the concept map. Moreover, connections show the suggested sequence of study of the topics. Start exploring and see if you can discover further connections! Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 9 Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 10 Student Learning Outcomes of AKU-EB HSSC Computer Science Part I (Grade XI) Cognitive Level1 Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 1. Basic Concepts of a Computer System Students should be able to: 1.1 Introduction to Computer 1.1.1 identify computing devices used for input, process, storage and * output; 1.1.2 describe simple data processing cycle (input, process, output * and storage); 1.1.3 classify computers according to processing speed, size and * uses (microcomputer, minicomputer, mainframe computer and supercomputer); 1.2 Computer Software 1.2.1 differentiate among application software, system software and * internet applications; 1.2.2 describe the types of system software i.e. operating system, * programming language translators, utility software and device driver; 1.2.3 describe the use of different application software and their CA2 types; 1.2.4 compare licensed software, open source software, shareware * and freeware with examples; 1 K = Knowledge, U = Understanding, A = Application and other higher-order cognitive skills 2 CA = Classroom Activity, not to be assessed under examination conditions Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 11 Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 12  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A Students should be able to: 1.3 Computer Hardware 1.3.1 differentiate between manual data entry and automatic data * capture devices; 1.3.2 describe the function of manual data entry devices and their * uses in daily life, i.e. keyboard, scanners (2D and 3D), microphone, pointing devices (graphics tablet, joystick, light pen, mouse, touchpad, trackball), digital camera, interactive whiteboard and touch screens (capacitive, resistive and infrared); 1.3.3 compare the types of automatic data capture devices and their * uses in daily life, i.e. magnetic card reader (MCR), magnetic ink character reader (MICR), optical character reader (OCR), barcode reader, optical mark reader (OMR) and quick response (QR) code reader; 1.3.4 compare the types of output devices and their uses in daily life, * i.e. monitor (light emitting diode, liquid crystal display and cathode ray tube), printers (2D and 3D), plotter, projector, computer output microfilm (COM), speakers and head phone. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 13  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 2. Computer Memory and Storage Students should be able to: Devices 2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 describe important characteristics of memory devices; * 2.1.2 convert digital storage units from one to another, i.e. bit, * nibble, byte, kilobyte (KB), kibibyte (KiB), Megabyte (MB), Mebibyte (MiB), Gigabyte (GB), Gibibyte (GiB), Terabyte (TB), Tebibyte (TiB), Petabyte (PB) and Pebibyte (PiB); 2.2 Main Memory 2.2.1 differentiate between primary (main) memory and secondary * memory; 2.2.2 differentiate among Random Access Memory (RAM), Read- * Only Memory (ROM) and internal processor memory; 2.2.3 compare the two types of RAM, i.e. Static RAM (SRAM) and * Dynamic RAM (DRAM); 2.2.4 compare three types of ROM, i.e. Programmable ROM * (PROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM) and Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM); 2.2.5 describe the role of Basic Input/ Output System (BIOS) in * boot-up process; 2.2.6 compare the three types of cache memory, i.e. Level-1 (L1) * cache, Level-2 ( L2 ) cache and Level-3 (L3) cache; 2.3 Secondary Memory 2.3.1 compare magnetic, optical and solid state storage devices; * 2.3.2 describe magnetic storage and its types, i.e. magnetic tapes and * disks; 2.3.3 describe various types of optical storage media, i.e. Compact * Discs (CDs), Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs) and Blu-Ray; 2.3.4 identify CDs and DVDs as CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD- * ROM, DVD-R, DVD-RW and DVD-RAM; 2.3.5 describe solid state storage devices (flash memory and Secure * Digital (SD) cards); 2.3.6 differentiate between sequential and direct access storage. * Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 14  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 3. Architecture of CPU Students should be able to: 3.1 Components of Central 3.1.1 describe the role of CPU in computer system; * Processing Unit (CPU) 3.1.2 describe functions of components of CPU, i.e. Arithmetic and * Logic Unit (ALU), Control Unit (CU), registers, cache, internal buses (data bus, address bus and control bus) with the help of a block diagram; 3.1.3 describe the functions of following registers and their types, * i.e. a. general purpose register (Accumulator (AC) and Data Register (DR), Base Register (BR), Counter Register (CR)) b. special purpose register (Instruction Register (IR), Memory Address Register (MAR), Program Counter (PC), Memory Buffer Register (MBR)); 3.2 Various Operations Performed 3.2.1 compare three types of instructions of CPU, i.e. data transfer * by CPU instructions, data processing instructions and program control instructions; 3.2.2 compare different types of CPU instruction formats, i.e. zero * address instruction, one address instruction and two address instruction; 3.2.3 describe fetch – decode – execute cycle with the help of a * diagram; 3.2.4 differentiate between Complex Instruction Set Computer * (CISC) and Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) architecture; 3.2.5 differentiate between Intel P4 and advanced micro devices * (AMD) Athlon on the basis of clock speed, bus width, cache and architecture. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 15  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 4. System Unit Students should be able to: 4.1 Inside System Unit 4.1.1 differentiate between CPU and system unit; * 4.1.2 discuss the role of three major components of system unit, i.e. CA casing, power supply and motherboard; 4.2 Ports and Slots on the 4.2.1 differentiate among different types of ports, i.e. serial port, * Motherboard parallel port, PS/2 port, Universal Serial Bus (USB) port, fire wire port and High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) port; 4.2.2 compare the six types of expansion cards, i.e. sound card, * video graphics card, modem card, Network Interface Card (NIC), gigabit card and wireless network card; 4.2.3 differentiate between two categories of memory modules, i.e. * Single Inline Memory Module (SIMM) and Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMM). Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 16  Cognitive Level Topics and Subtopics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 5. Network Communication and Students should be able to: Protocols 5.1 Introduction to Computer 5.1.1 define a computer network; * Networks 5.1.2 differentiate among different types of networks depending * upon coverage area and use: a. nano network b. Body Area Network (BAN) c. Personal Area Network (PAN) d. Near-me-Area Network (NAN) e. Local Area Network (LAN) f. Wide Area Network (WAN) g. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) h. Internet Area Network (IAN) i. Interplanetary Internet (IPN); 5.1.3 describe basic network components, i.e. sender, message, * medium, protocol, receiver; 5.1.4 discuss the role of the four data communication devices, i.e. * hub, switch, router and gateway; 5.1.5 differentiate between guided and unguided media and their * types, i.e. a. guided media (telephone cable, twisted pair cable, coaxial cable and fibre optic cable) b. unguided media (microwave transmission and satellite communication); 5.1.6 compare three modes of data transmission, i.e. simplex, * half-duplex and full-duplex; 5.1.7 differentiate between two types of transmission, i.e. serial and * parallel; 5.1.8 differentiate between synchronous and asynchronous * transmission of data; Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 17  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A Students should be able to: 5.1.9 compare the types of network topologies, (i.e. star, ring, bus, * mesh and tree) with the help of diagrams; 5.2 OSI Model 5.2.1 differentiate among seven layers of Open System * Interconnection (OSI) model; 5.2.2 identify protocols and devices used on every layer of OSI * model; 5.3 TCP/ IP Protocol Architecture 5.3.1 define Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol * (TCP/ IP) architecture; 5.3.2 describe function of each layer of TCP/ IP protocol * architecture; 5.3.3 compare the TCP/ IP model with the OSI model; * 5.3.4 differentiate between circuits switching and packet switching * with examples; 5.3.5 differentiate between Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and * Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6); 5.3.6 identify the class of an IPv4 address on the basis of IP range. * Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 18  Cognitive Level Topics and Subtopics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 6. Wireless Communication Students should be able to: 6.1 Introduction to Wireless 6.1.1 describe wireless networks with examples; * Communication 6.1.2 describe advantages and disadvantages of wireless networks; * 6.1.3 define the following terms: * a. radio signals b. radio transceivers c. access point d. line of sight; 6.1.4 differentiate between long distance and short distance wireless * communication; 6.2 Short Distance Wireless 6.2.1 compare the types of short distance wireless technologies, i.e. * Communication Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), Bluetooth and Infra-red; 6.3 Long Distance Wireless 6.3.1 explain mobile (cellular) communication; * Communication 6.3.2 describe the role of components required for mobile * communication (mobile phone, base station, switching node, landline telephone network); 6.3.3 describe the limitations of mobile communication systems; * 6.3.4 explain Global Positioning System (GPS); * 6.3.5 differentiate among Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) * satellites, Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites and Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites; 6.3.6 define the following wireless protocols: * a. Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) b. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) protocol. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 19  Cognitive Level Topics and Subtopics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 7. Database Fundamentals Students should be able to: 7.1 Introduction to Database 7.1.1 define database; * 7.1.2 describe advantages of database management system over * traditional file management system; 7.1.3 define the role of Database Administrator (DBA); * 7.1.4 compare the types of database models, i.e. hierarchical * database, network database, relational database, object oriented database, object relational database; 7.1.5 define Structured Query Language (SQL); * 7.1.6 differentiate among the types of SQL languages, i.e. Data * Definition Language (DDL), Data Manipulation Language (DML) and Data Control Language (DCL); 7.2 Basic Database Terminologies 7.2.1 define the following terms related to relational database: * a. field/ attribute/ column b. record/ tuple/ row c. table d. file e. view f. data type g. key; 7.2.2 define the data types available in a relational database, i.e. * character, integer, real number, Boolean data, date and time; 7.2.3 differentiate among primary key, candidate key, alternate key, * secondary key and foreign key; Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 20  Cognitive Level Topics and Subtopics Student Learning Outcomes K U A Students should be able to: 7.3 Planning a Database 7.3.1 explain the following steps for designing a database: * a. problem identification/ definition b. feasibility study c. requirement analysis d. identifying entities and attributes e. assigning names to tables and columns; 7.4 Data Modelling and ERDs 7.4.1 explain the process of data modeling; * 7.4.2 discuss the Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) and its * components, i.e. entity relationship, degree of relationship (cardinality) and attributes; 7.4.3 show different types of relationships between two entities; * 7.4.4 illustrate the difference between cardinality and modality; * 7.4.5 draw entity relationship diagram for different scenarios3; * 7.4.6 describe the normalization of relational database. * 3 Refer to Annex B. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 21  Cognitive Level Topics and Subtopics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 8. Database Development Students should be able to: (MS Access 2007 or Above) 8.1 Introduction 8.1.1 describe features of MS-Access database management system; * 8.1.2 define database objects such as table, query, form and report; * 8.1.3 create and save a database; * 8.2 Working with Tables 8.2.1 create tables in design view and using wizard; * 8.2.2 assign4 appropriate data types to the fields in a table; * 8.2.3 set primary key in database table; * 8.2.4 create relationship among tables using primary and foreign * key; 8.2.5 modify tables and relationships; * 8.2.6 sort records in a database table; * 8.2.7 add records in a table; * 8.2.8 add records in a related table; * 8.2.9 modify records in a table; * 8.2.10 delete records in a table; * 8.2.11 navigate through records in a table; * 8.2.12 apply data validation on a field; * 8.3 Working With Forms 8.3.1 create form using wizard; * 8.3.2 create form in design view; * 8.3.3 create form for related tables; * 8.3.4 identify different form views; * 8.3.5 navigate through records in a form; * 8.3.6 add a record using form; * 8.3.7 delete a record using form; * 8.3.8 modify a record using form; * 4 Assign, create, navigate, modify, view, print, set, sort, add, delete and save are operations related to MS Access database. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 22  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A Students should be able to: 8.4 Queries in Design View 8.4.1 create query using query wizard; * 8.4.2 create SELECT query using query design; * 8.4.3 create UPDATE query using query design; * 8.4.4 create DELETE query using query design; * 8.4.5 create APPEND query using query design; * 8.5 SQL Queries 8.5.1 write the simple SQL (DML) queries to perform the following: * a. insert, delete and update records in table b. select records from table using SELECT statement c. filter records using WHERE statement d. sort records using ORDER BY statement e. group the results using GROUP BY statement f. select records having matching values in both tables using INNER JOIN statement; 8.5.2 write the simple SQL (DDL) queries to perform the following: * a. create table b. add primary key c. alter table d. drop table; 8.6 Generating Reports 8.6.1 create report using report wizard; * 8.6.2 create a report using a query; * 8.6.3 describe different layouts of reports; * 8.5.4 view and print reports. * Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 23 Part II (Class XII) Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 9. Operating System (OS) Students should be able to: 9.1 Introduction to Operating System 9.1.1 identify the commonly used operating systems; * 9.1.2 list the tasks performed by an operating system; * 9.1.3 differentiate between command line interface and graphical * user interface of an operating system; 9.1.4 differentiate between single user operating system and multi * user operating system; 9.1.5 compare the types of operating system, i.e: * a. simple batch system b. multiprogramming batch system c. multitasking operating system d. distributed operating system e. real-time operating system f. parallel processing operating system g. multiprocessor operating system h. embedded operating system i. time-sharing operating system; 9.2 Functions of Operating System 9.2.1 describe the main functions of operating system, i.e. process * management, memory management, file management, I/ O system management, secondary storage management, protection system, interrupt handling, network management, command-interpreter; 9.3 Process Management 9.3.1 determine the sequence of execution of processes to get the * minimum execution time; 9.3.2 explain the process state diagram including new, running, * waiting/ blocked, ready and terminated states of a process; 9.3.3 differentiate between thread and process; * Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 24  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A Students should be able to: 9.3.4 differentiate among multithreading, multitasking, * multiprogramming and multiprocessing. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 25  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 10. System Development Life Cycle Students should be able to: (SDLC) 10.1 System Development Life Cycle 10.1.1 define system; * (SDLC) 10.1.2 describe objectives of SDLC; * 10.1.3 describe the steps/ phases in SDLC; * 10.1.4 describe the responsibilities of the following personnel: * a. management team b. system analyst c. project manager d. programmer e. software tester f. customer. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 26  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 11. Introduction to C++ Programming Students should be able to: 11.1 Programming Basics 11.1.1 define program, programming language, header files and * reserved words; 11.1.2 explain the basic structure of a basic C++ program including * pre-processor directives, main function, body of program; 11.1.3 define statement terminator and comments in C++ * programming; 11.1.4 use single-line and multiple-line comments in a C++ program; * 11.2 Constants and Variables in C++ 11.2.1 differentiate among C++ data types; * Programming 11.2.2 differentiate between variable and constant; * 11.2.3 write valid variable names on the basis of variables naming * rules; 11.2.4 determine the data types of variables depending upon the * values they will store; 11.2.5 write a C++ program in which variables are declared with * different data types; 11.2.6 write a program to show the implicit and explicit type casting * of variables; 11.2.7 differentiate local and global variables; * 11.3 Input Output Handling 11.3.1 write a program to display message and value of variable * using cout statement; 11.3.2 write a program for taking input during execution of a * program using cin statement; 11.3.3 write a program that uses getch(), getche(), gets( ) and puts() * functions for I/ O operations; Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 27  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A Students should be able to: 11.3.4 write a program to print text using the following escape * sequences: a. alert – \a b. backspace – \b c. newline – \n d. carriage return – \r e. tab – \t f. display backslash – \\ g. display single quotation marks – \’; 11.3.5 write a program that uses the setw and endl manipulators; * 11.4 Operators in C++ Programming 11.4.1 differentiate between operator and operand; * 11.4.2 list the names and symbols of arithmetic operators used in * C++ programming; 11.4.3 write a program using arithmetic operators; * 11.4.4 define assignment operator; * 11.4.5 write a simple program using arithmetic assignment operators; * 11.4.6 write a program using increment and decrement operators with * the postfix and prefix scenario; 11.4.7 list the names and symbols of relational operators; * 11.4.8 write a program using relational operators; * 11.4.9 write a program using logical operators; * 11.4.10 compare unary, binary and ternary operators; * 11.4.11 write a program to show the order of precedence of arithmetic * operators in a C++ program; 11.4.12 define compound expression with reference to C++ * programming; 11.4.13 write a C++ program that uses compound expression. * Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 28  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 12. Control Structures Students should be able to: 12.1 Selection Statements in C++ 12.1.1 describe if, if-else and else-if statements; * Programming 12.1.2 write a program for each if, if-else and else-if statements5; * 12.1.3 write a program using nested if statement; * 12.1.4 explain the use of switch statements; * 12.1.5 write a program using switch statement; * 12.1.6 compare if, if-else, else-if and switch statement; * 12.1.7 describe the role of default and break keywords; * 12.1.8 describe the role of exit and return functions; * 12.1.9 rewrite a program having if/ if-else/ else-if statement using * switch statement; 12.2 Repetition (Loop) in C++ 12.2.1 list the types of loops available in C++ programming; * Programming 12.2.2 write a C++ program that uses for loop; * 12.2.3 write a C++ program that uses while loop; * 12.2.4 write a C++ program that uses do while loop; * 12.2.5 differentiate between: * a. for and while loop b. while and do while loop; 12.2.6 write a C++ program in which break statement is used; * 12.2.7 write a C++ program in which continue statement is used; * 12.2.8 write a C++ program in which exit( ) function is used; * 12.2.9 write a program using nested for loop. * 5 Refer to Annex C. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 29  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 13. Arrays and Strings Students should be able to: 13.1 Introduction to Arrays 13.1.1 define array with reference to programming; * 13.1.2 illustrate the concept of array with respect to array name, size, * index number and arrangement of elements in the memory; 13.1.3 write C++ code to declare one dimensional array with * different sizes and data types; 13.1.4 write C++ code to initialise one dimensional array; * 13.1.5 apply process of traversing using all types of loops for input, * output and manipulation of elements; 13.1.6 use sizeof( ) function to find the size of an array; * 13.1.7 write a program which stores numeric values in a one * dimensional array using for loop and finds the highest, lowest and average values; 13.2 Two Dimensional Arrays 13.2.1 explain the concept of two dimensional arrays; * 13.2.2 write C++ code to declare two dimensional array with * different sizes and data types; 13.2.3 write C++ code to initialise two dimensional array; * 13.2.4 illustrate the process of accessing a particular index number in * two dimensional array and writing value on; 13.2.5 write a program for adding/ subtracting/ multiplying two * integer matrices of the order up to 4×4; 13.3 C++ Strings 13.3.1 define string and the process of declaring string variables; * 13.3.2 explain various methods of initializing a string variable; * 13.3.3 write C++ program to perform various operations on string * using string functions , i.e. strcpy, strcat, strlen and strcmp. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 30  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 14. Functions Students should be able to: 14.1 Introduction to Function in C++ 14.1.1 differentiate between predefined and user defined functions; * Programming 14.1.2 describe advantages of user defined functions; * 14.1.3 describe the signature of the functions, i.e. function name, * arguments and returning data type; 14.1.4 explain the process of creating a user defined function, i.e. * function declaration, function definition and function call; 14.1.5 write a program involving a user defined function; * 14.1.6 differentiate among the variable types, i.e. local, global, and * static; 14.1.7 differentiate between the formal and actual parameters; * 14.1.8 differentiate between local and global functions; * 14.1.9 define inline function; * 14.2 Passing Arguments and Returning 14.2.1 write a program to invoke a user defined function and pass * Values arguments by constants, value and reference; 14.2.2 define default argument; * 14.2.3 describe the purpose of return statement; * 14.3 Functions Overloading 14.3.1 define function overloading; * 14.3.2 describe advantages of function overloading. * Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 31  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 15. Pointers Students should be able to: 15.1 Use of Pointers 15.1.1 define pointer with respect to C++ programming; * 15.1.2 describe the purpose of reference operator (&); * 15.1.3 describe the purpose of dereference operator(*); * 15.1.4 write C++ code to declare an empty pointer variable of int, * double, float and char data types; 15.1.5 write a simple program using & to return memory address of * a variable and storing it in a pointer variable; 15.1.6 write a C++ program that uses pointer variable. * Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 32  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 16. Object Oriented Programming (OOP) Students should be able to: 16.1 Classes and Objects in OOP 16.1.1 explain class and object; * 16.1.2 write a C++ program to declare a class along with data * members and member functions in its body and create the objects of class in the main( ) function and call member functions of class with the help of objects; 16.2 Access Modifiers (Public, Private, 16.2.1 differentiate between private and public access specifiers; * Protected and Sealed) 16.2.2 write a C++ program in which class members are not * accessible outside the class (private access specifier); 16.2.3 write a C++ program in which class members are accessible * from anywhere where the object is visible (public access specifier); 16.2.4 write a C++ program in which a class uses both public and * private access specifiers; 16.3 Pillars of OOP (Inheritance, 16.3.1 explain the concept of encapsulation; * Encapsulation, Abstraction and 16.3.2 differentiate between constructor and destructor; * Polymorphism) 16.3.3 differentiate among the types of constructor, i.e. default * constructor, user defined constructor and constructor overloading; 16.3.4 describe inheritance in object oriented programming; * 16.3.5 write the basic syntax of inheritance using base class and * derived class; 16.3.6 list the names of three inheritance access specifiers; * 16.3.7 write the syntax of inheritance for three access specifiers; * 16.3.8 illustrate types of inheritance in C++ programming using * different classes; 16.3.9 describe polymorphism in C++ programming; * 16.3.10 describe the concept of abstraction in C++ programming; * 16.3.11 differentiate between overloading and overriding in OOP. * Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 33  Cognitive Level Topics and Sub-topics Student Learning Outcomes K U A 17. File Handling Students should be able to: 17.1 File Handling in C++ 17.1.1 differentiate between the binary and the text files in C++ * Programming programming; 17.1.2 compare different modes of opening a file; * 17.1.3 write programs to show the file opening and closing; * 17.1.4 write a C++ program to read a file character by character and * show output; 17.1.5 write a C++ program to write in a file character by character; * 17.1.6 write a C++ program to read a file into strings. * Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 34  Scheme of Assessment Grade XI Table 1: Number of Student Learning Outcomes by Cognitive Level Topic No. of SLOs Total Topic No. Sub-Topics K U A SLOs 1. Basic Concepts of a Computer System 3 0 11 2 13 2. Computer Memory and Storage Devices 3 0 13 1 14 3. Architecture of CPU 2 0 9 0 9 4. System Unit 2 0 5 0 5 5. Network Communication and Protocols 3 2 15 0 17 6. Wireless Communication 3 2 9 0 11 7. Database Fundamentals 4 5 8 3 16 Database development (MS Access 2007 8. 6 1 3 30 34 or above) Total 26 10 73 36 119 Percentage 9 61 30 100 Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 35  Table 2: Exam Specification Topic Topics Marks Distribution Total No. Marks MCQs CRQs ERQs Basic Concepts of a Computer Total 6 Marks 1. 10 16 System (1 CRQ) Total 3 Marks 2. Computer Memory and 9 12 Storage Devices (1 CRQ) Total 3 Marks 3. Architecture of CPU 6 9 (1 CRQ) Total 3 Marks 4. System Unit 4 7 (1 CRQ) 5. Network Communications and 5 7 Marks Protocols Choose any 20 Total 3 Marks ONE from 6. Wireless Communications 5 TWO (1 CRQ) Total 3 Marks 7. Database Fundamentals 6 7 Marks (1 CRQ) Choose any 21 ONE from 8. Database Development (MS 5 TWO Access 2007 or Above) Total 50 21 14 85 Practical* 15 Total 100 Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 36  Grade XII Table 3: Number of Student Learning Outcomes by Cognitive Level Topic No. of SLOs Total Topic No. Sub-Topics K U A SLOs 9. Operating System (OS) 3 1 8 1 10 10. System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) 1 1 3 0 4 11. Introduction to C++ Programming 4 6 6 16 28 12. Control Structures 2 1 6 11 18 13. Arrays and Strings 3 2 2 11 15 14. Functions 3 3 9 2 14 15. Pointers 1 1 2 3 6 16. Object Oriented Programming (OOP) 3 1 9 7 17 17. File Handling 1 1 1 4 6 Total 21 17 46 55 118 Percentage 14 39 47 100 Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 37  Table 4: Exam Specification Topic Topics Marks Distribution Total No. Marks MCQs CRQs ERQs 9. 6 Total 3 Marks 9 Operating System (OS) (1 CRQ) 10. System Development Life 2 Total 3 Marks 5 Cycle (SDLC) (1 CRQ) Introduction to C++ Total 5 Marks 11. 10 7 Marks Programming (1 CRQ) Choose any 33 Total 3 Marks ONE from 12. Control Structures 8 (1 CRQ) TWO 13. Arrays and Strings 3 7 Marks Choose any 17 14. 7 ONE from Functions TWO 15. Pointers 3 3 Object Oriented Total 4 Marks 16. 8 12 Programming (OOP) (1 CRQ) Total 3 Marks 17. File Handling 3 6 (1 CRQ) Total 50 21 14 85 Practical* 15 Total 100 Multiple Choice Question (MCQ) requires candidates to choose one best/ correct answer from four options for each question. Each MCQ carries ONE mark. Constructed Response Question (CRQ) requires students to respond with a short text (few phrases/ sentences), calculations or diagrams. Extended Response Question (ERQ) requires students to answer in a more descriptive form. The answer should be in paragraph form, with diagrams where needed, and address all parts of the question. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 38  Tables 1 and 3 indicate the number and nature of SLOs in each topic in grades XI and XII. This will serve as a guide in the construction of the examination paper. It also indicates that more emphasis has been given to Understanding (61% in HSSC I and 39% in HSSC II), Application and higher order skills (30% in HSSC I and 47% in HSSC II) to discourage rote memorisation. Tables 1 and 2 however do not translate directly into marks. There will be two examinations, one at the end of grade XI and one at the end of grade XII. In each grade, the theory paper will be in two parts: paper I and paper II. Both papers will be of duration of 3 hours. Paper I theory will consist of 50 compulsory, multiple choice items. These questions will involve four response options. Paper II theory will carry 35 marks and consist of a number of compulsory, structured questions and a number of extended response questions. Each extended response question will be presented in an either/or form. All constructed response questions will be in a booklet which will also serve as an answer script. *Practical: In each grade, practical examination will be conducted separate from the theory paper and will consist of 15 marks. Practical examination will be based on the list of practical activities given in the examination syllabus. Schools may design their own practical manuals based on these activities. Practical journal/ portfolio should be developed by students and endorsed by a figure of authority, such as a teacher or principal, and submitted at the time of the practical examination. It is essential for each school to equip its computer laboratories with necessary devices, software etc. to meet the requirements of the practicals in the examination syllabus. Each school will be responsible to make sure that each student is provided the opportunity to do the practicals. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 39  Annex A: List of Acronyms and Their Full Forms Acronym Full Form MCR Magnetic Card Reader MICR Magnetic Ink Character Reader OCR Optical Character Reader OMR Optical Mark Reader QR Quick Response LED Light Emitting Diode LCD Liquid Crystal Display CRT Cathode Ray Tube COM Computer Output Microfilm KB Kilobyte MB Megabyte GB Gigabyte TB Terabyte PB Petabyte RAM Random Access Memory ROM Read Only Memory SRAM Static Random Access Memory DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory PROM Programmable Read Only Memory EPROM Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory CD Compact Disc DVD Digital Versatile Dics CD-ROM Compact Disc Read Only Memory CD-R Compact Disc Recordable CD-RW Compact Disc Rewriteable DVD-ROM Digital Versatile Disc Read Only Memory DVD-R Digital Versatile Disc Recordable DVD-RW Digital Versatile Disc Rewriteable DVD-RAM Digital Versatile Disc Random Access Memory Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 40  Acronym Full Form CPU Central Processing Unit ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit CU Control Unit ACC Accumulator MDR Memory Data Register MBR Memory Buffer Register IR Instruction Register MAR Memory Address Register PC Program Counter MBR Memory Buffer Register CISC Complex Instruction Set Computing RISC Reduced Instruction Set Computing AMD Advanced Micro Devices PS/ 2 Personal System 2 USB Universal Serial Bus HDMI High Definition Multimedia Interface SIMM Single In-Line Memory Module DIMM Dual In-Line Memory Module BAN Body Area Network PAN Personal Area Network NAN Near-me-Area Network LAN Local Area Network WAN Wide Area Network MAN Metropolitan Area Network IAN Internet Area Network IPN Interplanetary Internet OSI Open System Interconnection TCP/ IP Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol IPv4 Internet Protocol Version 4 IPv6 Internet Protocol Version 6 Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 41  Acronym Full Form WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access GPS Global Positioning System GEO Geostationary Earth Orbit MEO Medium Earth Orbit LEO Low Earth Orbit WAP Wireless Application Protocol WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy DBA Database Administrator SQL Structured Query Language DDL Data Definition Language DML Data Manipulation Language DCL Data Control Language ERD Entity Relationship Diagram I/ O Input/ Output OS Operating System SDLC Software Development Life Cycle Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 42  Annex B: Examples of Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) 1. ERD for library management system 2. ERD for student management system 3. ERD for hotel management system 4. ERD for hospital management system 5. ERD for ticket booking system Annex C: Examples of C++ Programming Selection Statement 1. Calculate the grades of students on the basis of marks. 2. Show whether a number is positive, negative or zero. 3. Find the maximum and minimum values from three numbers. 4. Show whether a number is even or odd. 5. Calculate the electricity bill on the basis of charges allocated to each unit range. Loops 1. Generate a number series (even, odd, prime etc.) by taking input of starting and ending point. 2. Generate sum of series using loops. 3. Generate table of any inputted number. 4. Calculate factorial of any inputted number. 5. Print pyramid, rectangle and square shapes using nested loops. 6. Input multiple values using loop and calculate average, maximum or minimum value using selection statement. Functions 1. Write a user defined function to perform basic arithmetic operations, i.e. add, subtract, multiply and divide. 2. Write a user defined function to calculate area of circle, triangle and parallelogram. 3. Write a user defined function to calculate volume of cylinder, sphere and cube. 4. Write a user defined function to calculate average of numbers. 5. Write a user defined function to calculate factorial of a given number. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 43 Annex D: List of Practical Class XI S.No SLO No Objective Equipment Software Topic 8: Database Development (MS Access 2007 or Above) 1. 8.2.1 Creating different tables in design view and wizard. 2. 8.2.2 Assign appropriate data types to the fields in a table. 3. 8.2.6 Sorting records in a table. 4. 8.2.4 Create relationship among tables using primary and foreign key. 5. 8.3.1; 8.3.2 Create simple forms using wizards and design view. Computer and MS Access 2007 6. 8.3.5 Navigating through records in a form. Printer or Above 7. 8.3.6; 8.3.7; 8.3.8 Using forms to add, delete or modify a record. 8.4.1; 8.4.2; Create simple queries (select, update, delete and append) using wizard and design 8. 8.4.3; 8.4.4; 8.4.5 view. 9. 8.5.1; 8.5.2 Write simple SQL (DDL and DML) queries. 10. 8.5.1 Create reports using wizard. 11. 8.5.4 View and print reports. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 44 Class XII S.No SLO No Objective Equipment Software Topic 12: Control Structures 1. 12.1.2 Write a program for each if, if-else and else-if. 2. 12.1.3 Write a program using nested if statement. 3. 12.1.5 Write a program using switch statement. Dev-C ++ or Any Computer Other C Compiler 4. 12.2.2 Write a C++ program that uses for loop. 5. 12.2.3 Write a C++ program that uses while loop. 6. 12.2.4 Write a C++ program that uses do while loop. Topic 13: Arrays and Strings Write a C++ program which stores numeric values in a one dimensional array using 7. 13.1.7 for loop and finds the highest, lowest and average values. Write a C++ program for adding/ subtracting/ multiplying two integer matrices of the Dev-C ++ or Any 8. 13.2.5 Computer order up to 4x4. Other C Compiler Write C++ program to perform various operations on string using string fucntions , 9. 13.3.3 i.e. strcpy, strcat, strlen and strcmp. Aga Khan University Examination Board Computer Science HSSC Syllabus 2022 45  S.No SLO No Objective Equipment Software Topic 14: Functions Write a program involving user defined function to perform basic arithmetic 10. 14.1.5 operations, i.e. add, subtract, multipl