Computer Networks Assignment PDF

**Computer** **Assignment** **Name:** Fatima Atif **Roll no:** 33820 **Computer Networks** A collection of interconnected devices, such as computers,servers,printers,routers,and switches,that share resources,exchange data,and communicate with each other through a common language,or protocol,to...

**Computer** **Assignment** **Name:** Fatima Atif **Roll no:** 33820 **Computer Networks** A collection of interconnected devices, such as computers,servers,printers,routers,and switches,that share resources,exchange data,and communicate with each other through a common language,or protocol,to achieve a common goal or provide services. The types of computer networks are: 1. Local Area Network(LAN) 2. Metropolitan Area Network(MAN) 3. Wide Area Network(WAN) 4. Wireless Network(WLAN) 5. Virtual Private Network(VPN) 6. Network **Local Area Network(LAN):** A Local Area Network is a computer network that spans a small geographical area,typically within a ,building,campus,office,home.LAN has applications such as, fast data transfer rates, low cost, easy maintenance, high security, scalability. **Components:** Device such as,computers, laptops,servers,printers Network Interface cards(NICs) Cables like, ethernet,fiber optic or wireless links (Wi-Fi) Swtches or hubs Routers (optional) **Metropolitan Area Network(MAN):** A Metropolitan Area Network is a computer network that spans a larger geographical area than a Local Area Network, it also coverying area such as, city, metapolitan area, urban area, regional area. It as applications such as, internet access, video conferencing, online gaming,cloud computing, data center connectively, telemedicine. **Components** Network Operating System (NOS) Protocol Stacks ( TCP/IP, ATM) Network Management Software Security Appliances( Firewalls, VPNs) Network Monitoring Tools Quality of Service Mechanisms Routing Protocols ( OSPF,EIGRP) **Wide Area Network(WAN)** A Wide Area Network is a geographically distributed computer network that spans multiple cities,states,countries,or even continents. It connects multiple Local Area Network, Metapolitan Area Network and other networks to facilitate communication and data exchange. It has applications such as remote access, branch office connectively, cloud computing, online backup and disaster recovery, video conferencing. **Components** Satellite links Wireless links Hubs Switches Modems Leased lines Routers Network interface cards **Wireless Network (WLAN):** A Wireless Network is a computer network that uses wireless communication technologies to connect devices and enable data exchange without physical cables or wires.it has applicaations such as, internet acess, mobile commerce, file sharing. **Components:** Wireless Router Wireless Adapter Access Point Switch Modems Security Software Network Management Software **Virtual Private Network(VPN):** A Virtual Private Network is a secure, encrypted connection between two endpoints, typically between a user's device and a network or between two networks over the internet. It protects data from interception and eavesdropping,it also creates a secure isolated network within the internet, it veifies user identity and access rights, it also establishes a secure encrypted connection.it has applications such as cyberghost, express vpn, nord vpn,torguard. **Components:** VPN Client VPN Server VPN Gateway Authentication Encryption **PROTOCOLS** Computer network protocols are standerlized sets of procedure that communicate, data exchange, and interactions between devices,networks and systems. **TYPES OF PROTOCOLS:** Transport Protocols File Transfer Protocols Data Link Protocols Application Protocols Wireless Protocols **Benefits of Protocols:** Security Flexibility Standardization Efficiency Scalability Interoperability Reliability **Computer Networks Benefits** Computer networks provide numerous benefits to individuals, organizations and society as a whole. It give us benefits such as: Personal benefits Organizational benefits Social benefits Business benefits Educational benefits