Parallel and Serial Transmission Modes PDF

# Parallel & Serial Transmission Mode Data transmission refers to the process of transferring data between two or more digital devices in analog or digital format. This data is transferred in the form of bits. There are two methods used for transferring data between computers which are given below...

# Parallel & Serial Transmission Mode Data transmission refers to the process of transferring data between two or more digital devices in analog or digital format. This data is transferred in the form of bits. There are two methods used for transferring data between computers which are given below: | Transmission mode | | | :------------------ | :-- | | Parallel | Serial | | | Synchronous | | | Asynchronous | ## Parallel Transmission Mode In Parallel Transmission, many bits are flow together simultaneously from one computer to another computer. Parallel Transmission is faster than Serial transmission is to transmit the bit. Parallel transmission is used for short distance. In simple words, Parallel data transmission sends multiple data bits at the time over "multiple channels". A diagram of parallel transmission is shown below: *Sender* <br> 010101 <br> 010101 <br> 010101 <br> *Receiver* <br> co-axial/fiber optics ## Serial Data Transmission In Serial transmission sends data bits one after another over a single channel. The data is delivered bit by bit from one computer system to another. A diagram of the serial data transmission is as follows: *Sender* <br> 01010101 <br> *receiver* ## Synchronous In Synchronous Transmission, a lot of data is sent in a block. Each block has many characters. A block containing characters represented as 'lololol' and "1100円" is shown below: *Sender* <br> lolol <br> 1100 <br> *receiver* ## Asynchronous In Asynchronous transmission, only one character is sent at a time whether that a character or number. It uses Start & Stop bits for transferring data. A diagram of asynchronous transmission is shown below: *Sender* <br> 1110101010 <br> *receiver* ## Signals A signal is an electromagnetic or electrical current that carries data from one system or network to another. In electronics, a signal is often a time-varying voltage that is also an electromagnetic wave carrying information through it. It can take on other forms, such as current. It can transfer short distance or long distance depending on the requirement. The speed of a signal wave is equal to the speed of light. There are two main types of signals: 1. Analog Signal 2. Digital signal ### Analog Signal Analog signals are used to creating information carried signals in a variety of systems. Analog signals are type of signals sent in a continuous wave & analog signals is a continuous function. These waves can vary in both amplitude and frequency. We can compare these types of wave / current in the ocean, bobbing up and down and the different speeds and heights. There are many examples of analog signals around us. Watch, telephones, steps, human voice. A diagram showing an analog signal is shown below: <br> - Time - ### Digital Signal Digital signals are a sequence of voltage representing in binary form 0 and 1. The digital signals are in the form electric pulses / pulses of ON and OFF. These signals are in discrete form, digital signals is a discontinuous signal. Digital signals are faster and efficient. They provide low error rate, all data communication between the computer is in digital form. A diagram showing a digital signal is shown below: <br> - Time - ## Difference between Analog and Digital Signal | Analog Signal | Digital Signal | | :-------------------- | :--------------- | | Difficult to get analyzed at first | Easy to Analyze | | More Accurate | Less accurate than analog signal | | Takes time to store, it has infinite memory | Easily stored in memory | | There is a continuous representation of analog signals | There is a discontinuous representation of digital signal | | Produce too much voice | Not produce voice | Examples of analog and digital signal: * **Analog** - Human Voice, Analog Phone * **Digital** - Computer, Digital Pen Here are diagrams of the analog and digital signal: <br> analog signal: AAA <br> digital signal: 01001101011