CLO 4 Lectures PDF

CLO 4:The Multi-Sectoral Approach & the Social Structure in the Community settings BNSC 205: Primary Health Care and Health Promotion  Objective At the end of this session, students should be able to Understand the multisectoral approach and its importance...

CLO 4:The Multi-Sectoral Approach & the Social Structure in the Community settings BNSC 205: Primary Health Care and Health Promotion  Objective At the end of this session, students should be able to Understand the multisectoral approach and its importance in health systems. Analyze the social structure in community settings and its impact on health. Explore the roles and challenges of the primary healthcare workforce. Discuss the strategies for effective community mobilization of resources.  Multisectoral Approach Definition. Involvement of multiple sectors beyond health (e.g., education, agriculture, infrastructure) to address health challenges and social determinants of health. Multisectoral Approach – cont’d Importance: Addresses complex health issues that are influenced by a variety of factors (e.g., nutrition, sanitation, education). Enhances sustainability and effectiveness of health interventions by integrating diverse expertise and resources. Multisectoral Approach – cont’d Implementation Strategies: Collaboration models Bottom-Up Approach: Community-led efforts. Top-Down Approach: Government-led efforts. Hybrid Models: Combining both approaches. Multisectoral Approach – cont’d Challenges Coordination and Communication. Resource Allocation Policy Alignment. Multisectoral Approach – cont’d Overcoming Challenges: Cross-Sector Partnerships Shared Goals. Communication Platforms.  Social Structure in Community Settings Definition: The framework of relationships between individuals, groups, and institutions in society, shaping behaviors and outcomes.  Social Structure in Community Settings – components Family: influencing Religion: influences health behaviors and health practices (e.g., access to care. dietary restrictions, Education: Impacts attitudes towards medical knowledge, skills, and interventions). opportunities, directly Economy. influencing health Health Systems. literacy. Social Connection and its Relationship to Health Social Structure Impact on Health Social Determinants of Health Economic Stability. Education. Healthcare Access and Quality. Social and Community Context. Neighborhood and Physical Environment.  Primary Health Care Workforce: Roles & Composition Core Team: Extended Team:  Nurses  Pharmacists  Doctors  Social Workers  Midwives  Physiotherapists  Community Health  Dietitians Workers (CHWs):  and others who provide specialized services. Primary Health Care Workforce: Roles & Composition – cont’d Roles and Responsibilities Health Promotion Disease Prevention Clinical Care Community Engagement  Primary Health Care Workforce: Challenges and Solutions Challenges: Strategies: Workforce Shortages Task Shifting Training Needs Incentive Programs Retention Issues Continuous Professional High Workload: Development Community-Based Training  Community Mobilization of Resources: Definitions Engaging and organizing local resources, including people, funds, facilities, and knowledge, to address community health needs. An attempt to bring both, human and inhuman resources together to undertake developmental activities to achieve sustainable development. Community Mobilization of Resources: Concepts  Community Mobilization of Resources: Importance Sustainability: Health interventions are locally driven and can be maintained over time. Cultural Relevance: Involving community interventions. Leveraging Local Knowledge: Community members to provide insights regarding local issues. Community Mobilization of Resources: Importance cont’d  Strategies for Effective Community Mobilization Participatory Approaches Public-Private Partnerships Community Involvement. Private Sector Engagement. Empowerment. Government Support. Collaboration with Local International Organizations. Organizations.  Interprofessional Applications of Care: Concepts and Benefits Definition: Benefits: Collaborative practice where healthcare Improved Patient professionals from Outcomes different disciplines Enhanced work together to provide Communication. comprehensive care. Efficiency. Interprofessional Applications of Care: Concepts and Benefits - examples Chronic Disease Management: Teams of doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and social workers managing diabetes or hypertension. Maternal and Child Health: Collaborative care involving obstetricians, pediatricians, midwives, and community health workers.  Interprofessional Applications of Care: Challenges and Solutions Challenges: Strategies for Effective Professional Collaboration: Boundaries Interprofessional Education. Communication Team-Based Care Models. Barriers Regular Team Meetings. Resource Allocation.  Conclusion The multisectoral approach is crucial for addressing complex health issues. Understanding social structures in communities is essential for effective health interventions. The primary healthcare workforce plays an important role in delivering care and engaging communities. Effective resource mobilization and interprofessional collaboration enhance the impact of health initiatives.  Reference List McKenzie, J. F., & Pinger, R. R. (2022). An introduction to community & public health. Tenth Edition. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.